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PEERAGE |
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Last updated 05/09/2023 |
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Date |
Rank |
Order |
Name |
Born |
Died |
Age |
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BRADWELL |
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16 Jan 1976 |
B[L] |
1 |
Thomas Edward Neil Driberg |
22 May 1905 |
12 Aug 1976 |
71 |
to |
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Created Baron Bradwell for life 16 Jan 1976 |
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12 Aug 1976 |
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MP for Maldon 1942-1955 and Barking |
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1959-1974 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRADY |
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22 Sep 2014 |
B[L] |
1 |
Karren Rita Brady |
4 Apr 1969 |
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Created Baroness Brady for life 22 Sep 2014 |
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BRAGG |
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4 Aug 1998 |
B[L] |
1 |
Melvyn Bragg |
6 Oct 1939 |
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Created Baron Bragg for life 4 Aug 1998 |
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CH 2017 |
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BRAIN |
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26 Jan 1962 |
B |
1 |
Sir Walter Russell Brain,1st baronet |
23 Oct 1895 |
29 Dec 1966 |
71 |
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Created Baron Brain 26 Jan 1962 |
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29 Dec 1966 |
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2 |
Christopher Langdon Brain |
30 Aug 1926 |
15 Aug 2014 |
87 |
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15 Aug 2014 |
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3 |
Michael Cottrell Brain |
6 Aug 1928 |
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BRAINE OF WHEATLEY |
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10 Aug 1992 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Bernard Richard Braine |
24 Jun 1914 |
5 Jan 2000 |
85 |
to |
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Created Baron Braine of Wheatley for life |
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5 Jan 2000 |
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10 Aug 1992 |
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MP for Billericay 1950-1955,Essex SE |
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1955-1983 and Castle Point 1983-1992 |
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PC 1985 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRAINTREE |
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9 Feb 1948 |
B |
1 |
Sir Valentine George Crittall |
28 Jun 1884 |
21 May 1961 |
76 |
to |
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Created Baron Braintree 9 Feb 1948 |
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21 May 1961 |
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MP for Maldon 1923-1924 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRAMALL |
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9 Feb 1987 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Edwin Noel Westby Bramall |
18 Dec 1923 |
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Created Baron Bramall for life 9 Feb 1987 |
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Field Marshal 1982. KG 1990. Lord Lieutenant |
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Greater London 1986-1998.
Chief of the |
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Defence Staff 1982-1985 |
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BRAMPTON |
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27 Jan 1899 |
B |
1 |
Sir Henry Hawkins |
14 Sep 1817 |
6 Oct 1907 |
90 |
to |
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Created Baron Brampton 27 Jan 1899 |
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6 Oct 1907 |
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PC 1899 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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For an amusing anecdote concerning his wife, |
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see the note at the foot of this page |
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BRAMWELL |
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3 Feb 1882 |
B |
1 |
Sir George William Wilshere Bramwell |
12 Jun 1808 |
9 May 1892 |
83 |
to |
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Created Baron Bramwell 3 Feb 1882 |
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9 May 1892 |
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Lord Justice of Appeal 1876-1881. PC 1876 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRANCEPETH |
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3 Nov 1613 |
E |
1 |
Robert Carr,1st Viscount Rochester |
c 1587 |
Jul 1645 |
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Created Baron Brancepeth and Earl of |
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Jul 1645 |
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Somerset 3 Nov 1613 |
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See "Somerset" |
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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31 Aug 1866 |
B |
1 |
Gustavus Frederick John James Hamilton,7th |
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Viscount Boyne |
11 May 1797 |
27 Oct 1872 |
75 |
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Created Baron Brancepeth 31 Aug 1866 |
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See "Boyne" |
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BRAND |
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17 Jul 1946 |
B |
1 |
Robert Henry Brand |
30 Oct 1878 |
23 Aug 1963 |
84 |
to |
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Created Baron Brand 17 Jul 1946 |
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23 Aug 1963 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRANDON |
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23 Jul 1679 |
V |
1 |
Charles Gerard,1st Baron Gerard of Brandon |
c 1618 |
7 Jan 1694 |
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Created Viscount Brandon and Earl of |
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Macclesfield 23 Jul 1679 |
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See "Macclesfield" |
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------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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10 Sep 1711 |
D |
1 |
James Hamilton,4th Duke of Hamilton |
11 Apr 1658 |
15 Nov 1712 |
54 |
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Created Baron of Dutton and Duke of |
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Brandon 10 Sep 1711 |
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See "Hamilton" |
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BRANDON (co. Kerry) |
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16 Sep 1758 |
B[I] |
1 |
Sir Maurice Crosbie |
1690 |
20 Jan 1762 |
71 |
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Created Baron Brandon 16 Sep 1758 |
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20 Jan 1762 |
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2 |
William Crosbie,later [1776] 1st Earl of Glandore |
May 1716 |
11 Apr 1781 |
64 |
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11 Apr 1781 |
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3 |
John Crosbie,2nd Earl of Glandore |
25 May 1753 |
23 Oct 1815 |
62 |
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23 Oct 1815 |
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4 |
William Crosbie |
1 Nov 1771 |
3 May 1832 |
60 |
to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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3 May 1832 |
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BRANDON (co. Kilkenny) |
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15 Sep 1758 |
E[I] |
1 |
Ellis Bermingham |
1709 |
11 Mar 1789 |
79 |
to |
[L] |
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Created Countess of Brandon for life |
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11 Mar 1789 |
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15 Sep 1758 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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BRANDON OF OAKBROOK |
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24 Sep 1981 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Henry Vivian Brandon |
3 Jun 1920 |
24 Mar 1999 |
78 |
to |
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Created Baron Brandon of Oakbrook for life |
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24 Mar 1999 |
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24 Sep 1981 |
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Lord Justice of Appeal 1978-1981, Lord of |
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Appeal in Ordinary 1981-1991. PC 1978 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRAOSE |
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29 Dec 1299 |
B |
1 |
William de Braose |
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1326 |
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to |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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1326 |
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Braose 29 Dec 1299 |
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On his death the peerage fell into abeyance |
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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25 Feb 1342 |
B |
1 |
Thomas de Braose |
1302 |
1361 |
59 |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Braose 25 Feb 1342 |
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1361 |
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2 |
John de Braose |
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3 Feb 1367 |
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3 Feb 1367 |
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3 |
Thomas de Braose |
1352 |
1395 |
43 |
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1395 |
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4 |
Thomas de Braose |
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1395 |
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1395 |
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5 |
Elizabeth de Saye |
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8 Jul 1399 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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8 Jul 1399 |
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BRASSEY |
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5 Jul 1911 |
E |
1 |
Sir Thomas Brassey |
11 Feb 1836 |
23 Feb 1918 |
82 |
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Created Baron Brassey 16 Aug 1886, |
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and Viscount Hythe and Earl Brassey |
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5 Jul 1911 |
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MP for Devonport 1865 and Hastings 1868- |
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1886. Governor of Victoria 1895-1901 |
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For further information on this peer,see the |
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note at the foot of this page |
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23 Feb 1918 |
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2 |
Thomas Allnutt Brassey |
7 Mar 1863 |
12 Nov 1919 |
56 |
to |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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12 Nov 1919 |
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For information on the death of this peer,see the |
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note at the foot of this page |
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BRASSEY OF APETHORPE |
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26 Jan 1938 |
B |
1 |
Sir Henry Leonard Campbell Brassey,1st baronet |
7 Mar 1870 |
22 Oct 1958 |
88 |
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Created Baron Brassey of Apethorpe |
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26 Jan 1938 |
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MP for Northamptonshire North 1910-1918 |
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and Peterborough 1918-1929 |
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22 Oct 1958 |
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2 |
Bernard Thomas Brassey |
15 Feb 1905 |
28 Jun 1967 |
62 |
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28 Jun 1967 |
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3 |
David Henry Brassey |
16 Sep 1932 |
7 May 2015 |
82 |
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7 May 2015 |
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4 |
Edward Brassey |
9 Mar 1964 |
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BRAY OF COLN |
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8 Nov 2022 |
B[L] |
1 |
Angie Lavinia Bray |
13 Oct 1953 |
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Created Baroness Bray of Coln for life 8 Nov 2022 |
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BRAYBROOKE |
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5 Sep 1788 |
B |
1 |
John Griffin Griffin, 4th Lord Howard de Walden |
13 Mar 1719 |
25 May 1797 |
78 |
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Created Baron Braybrooke 5 Sep 1788 |
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For details of the special remainder included |
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in this creation, see the note at the foot of |
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this page |
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MP for Andover 1749-1784
Lord Lieutenant |
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Essex 1784-1797 |
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25 May 1797 |
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2 |
Richard Griffin (previously Aldworth Neville) |
29 Jun 1750 |
28 Feb 1825 |
74 |
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MP for Grampound 1774-1780, Buckingham |
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1780-1782 and Reading 1782-1797. Lord |
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Lieutenant Essex 1798-1825 |
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28 Feb 1825 |
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3 |
Richard Griffin |
26 Sep 1783 |
13 Mar 1858 |
74 |
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MP for Thirsk 1805-1806, Saltash 1807, |
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Buckingham 1807-1812 and Berkshire 1812-1825 |
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13 Mar 1858 |
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4 |
Richard Cornwallis Neville |
17 Mar 1820 |
21 Feb 1861 |
40 |
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21 Feb 1861 |
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5 |
Charles Cornwallis Neville |
29 Aug 1823 |
7 Jun 1902 |
78 |
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7 Jun 1902 |
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6 |
Latimer Neville |
22 Apr 1827 |
12 Jan 1904 |
76 |
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12 Jan 1904 |
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7 |
Henry Neville |
11 Jul 1855 |
9 Mar 1941 |
85 |
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9 Mar 1941 |
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8 |
Richard Henry Cornwallis Neville |
13 Jul 1918 |
23 Jan 1943 |
24 |
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23 Jan 1943 |
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9 |
Henry Seymour Neville |
5 Feb 1897 |
12 Feb 1990 |
92 |
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12 Feb 1990 |
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10 |
Robin Henry Charles Neville |
29 Jan 1932 |
5 Jun 2017 |
85 |
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Lord Lieutenant Essex 1992-2002 |
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5 Jun 2017 |
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11 |
Richard Ralph Neville |
10 Jun 1977 |
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BRAYE |
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3 Nov 1529 |
B |
1 |
Sir Edmund Braye |
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18 Oct 1539 |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Braye 3 Nov 1529 |
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18 Oct 1539 |
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2 |
John Braye |
|
19 Nov 1557 |
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to |
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On his death the peerage fell into abeyance |
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19 Nov 1557 |
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3 Oct 1839 |
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3 |
Sarah Otway-Cave |
2 Jul 1768 |
21 Feb 1862 |
93 |
to |
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Abeyance terminated in her favour 1839. On |
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21 Feb 1862 |
|
|
her death the peerage again fell into |
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abeyance |
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For further information on the termination of the |
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abeyance,see the note at the foot of this page |
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13 May 1879 |
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4 |
Henrietta Wyatt-Edgell |
3 Nov 1809 |
14 Nov 1879 |
70 |
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Abeyance terminated in her favour 1879 |
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14 Nov 1879 |
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5 |
Alfred Verney-Cave |
23 Jul 1849 |
1 Jul 1928 |
78 |
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1 Jul 1928 |
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6 |
Adrian Verney Verney-Cave |
11 Oct 1874 |
12 Feb 1952 |
77 |
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12 Feb 1952 |
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7 |
Thomas Adrian Verney-Cave |
26 Jul 1902 |
19 Dec 1985 |
83 |
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19 Dec 1985 |
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8 |
Mary Penelope Aubrey-Fletcher |
28 Sep 1941 |
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BRAYLEY |
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22 Jun 1973 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir (John) Desmond Brayley |
29 Jan 1917 |
16 Mar 1977 |
60 |
to |
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Created Baron Brayley for life 22 Jun 1973 |
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16 Mar 1977 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BREADALBANE and
HOLLAND |
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13 Aug 1681 |
E[S] |
1 |
Sir John Campbell,5th baronet |
1635 |
28 Mar 1717 |
81 |
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Created Lord St.Clair,Viscount of |
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Breadalbane and Earl of Caithness |
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28 Jun 1677, and Lord Glenurchy, |
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Benederaloch,Ormelie and Weick, |
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Viscount of Tay and Paintland,and |
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Earl of Breadalbane and Holland |
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13 Aug 1681 |
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28 Mar 1717 |
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2 |
John Campbell |
19 Nov 1662 |
23 Feb 1752 |
89 |
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Lord Lieutenant Perthshire |
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23 Feb 1752 |
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3 |
John Campbell |
10 Mar 1696 |
26 Jan 1782 |
85 |
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MP for Saltash 1727-1741 and Orford |
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1741-1746 PC 1766 |
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26 Jan 1782 |
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4 |
John Campbell |
30 Mar 1762 |
29 Mar 1834 |
71 |
12 Sep 1831 |
M |
1 |
Created Baron Breadalbane 13 Nov 1806 |
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and Earl of Ormelie and Marquess of |
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of Breadalbane 12 Sep 1831 |
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For information on the fate of this peer's brother, |
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Alexander,see the note at the foot of this page |
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29 Mar 1834 |
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5 |
John Campbell |
26 Oct 1796 |
8 Nov 1862 |
66 |
to |
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2 |
MP for Okehampton 1820-1826 and |
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8 Nov 1862 |
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Perthshire 1832-1834. Lord Lieutenant |
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Argyll 1839-1862. KT 1838, PC 1848 |
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On his death the Marquessate became extinct |
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8 Nov 1862 |
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6 |
John Alexander Gavin Campbell |
30 Mar 1824 |
20 Mar 1871 |
46 |
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For further information on the Breadalbane |
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|
Peerage Case of 1866, see the note at the |
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foot of this page |
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20 Mar 1871 |
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7 |
Gavin Campbell |
9 Apr 1851 |
19 Oct 1922 |
71 |
11 Jul 1885 |
M |
1 |
Created Baron Breadalbane 25 Mar 1873 |
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to |
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and Earl of Ormelie and Marquess of |
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19 Oct 1922 |
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Breadalbane 11 Jul 1885 |
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Lord Lieutenant Argyll 1914-1922 |
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PC 1880, KG 1894 |
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On his death the creations of 1873 and 1885 |
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became extinct |
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19 Oct 1922 |
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8 |
Iain Edward Herbert Campbell |
14 Jun 1885 |
10 May 1923 |
37 |
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10 May 1923 |
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9 |
Charles William Campbell |
11 Jun 1889 |
5 May 1959 |
69 |
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5 May 1959 |
|
10 |
John Romer Boreland Campbell |
28 Apr 1919 |
15 Dec 1995 |
76 |
to |
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Peerage dormant on his death |
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15 Dec 1995 |
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|
For information regarding a recent claim to these |
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|
peerages,see the note at the foot of this page |
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BRECHIN |
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3 Aug 1646 |
B[S] |
1 |
Patrick Maule |
29 May 1585 |
22 Dec 1661 |
76 |
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Created Lord Maule,Brechin and Navar |
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and Earl of Panmure 3 Aug 1646 |
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See "Panmure" |
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BRECHIN AND NAVAR |
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23 Jan 1481 |
B[S] |
1 |
James Stewart |
Mar 1476 |
17 Jan 1504 |
27 |
to |
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|
Created Lord of Brechin,Navar and |
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17 Jan 1504 |
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Ardmannoch
and Earl of Ross 23 Jan |
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1481,and Lord Brechin and Navar,Earl |
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of Edirdale,Marquess of Ormond and |
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Duke of Ross 29 Jan 1488 |
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Second son of James III of Scotland |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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BRECKNOCK |
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20 Jul 1660 |
E |
1 |
James Butler,1st Marquess of Ormonde |
19 Oct 1610 |
21 Jul 1688 |
77 |
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|
Created Baron
Butler of Lanthony |
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|
and Earl of Brecknock 20 Jul 1660 |
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|
See "Ormonde" - peerage forfeited 1715 |
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|
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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7 Sep 1812 |
E |
1 |
John Jeffreys Pratt,2nd Earl Camden |
11 Feb 1759 |
8 Oct 1840 |
81 |
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|
Created Earl of
the County of |
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|
Brecknock and
Marquess Camden |
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7 Sep 1812 |
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See "Camden" |
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BRECON |
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30 Jan 1958 |
B |
1 |
David Vivian Penrose Lewis |
14 Aug 1905 |
10 Oct 1976 |
71 |
to |
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|
Created Baron Brecon 30 Jan 1958 |
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10 Oct 1976 |
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PC 1960 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRENNAN |
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2 May 2000 |
B[L] |
1 |
Daniel Joseph Brennan |
19 Mar 1942 |
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|
Created Baron Brennan for life 2 May 2000 |
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BRENTFORD |
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27 May 1644 |
E |
1 |
Patrick Ruthven |
|
2 Feb 1651 |
|
to |
|
|
Created Baron Ruthven of Ettrick |
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|
2 Feb 1651 |
|
|
1639, Earl of Forth 27 Mar 1642 and |
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Earl of Brentford 27 May 1644 |
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|
Peerages extinct on his death |
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|
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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10 Apr 1689 |
E |
1 |
Frederic Armand de Schomberg |
6 Dec 1615 |
1 Jul 1690 |
74 |
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|
|
Created Baron Teyes,Earl of |
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|
|
Brentford,Marquess of Harwich and |
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|
Duke of Schomberg 10 Apr 1689 |
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|
See "Schomberg" |
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|
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
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6 Apr 1722 |
B[L] |
1 |
Charlotte Sophia Kielmansegge |
c 1673 |
20 Apr 1725 |
|
to |
|
|
Created Baroness of Brentford and |
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|
20 Apr 1725 |
|
|
Countess of Darlington for life 6 Apr 1722 |
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|
Mistress of George I |
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|
She had previously been created (1721) Countess |
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of Leinster (qv). All peerages became extinct on |
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her death |
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|
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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5 Jul 1929 |
V |
1 |
William Joynson-Hicks |
23 Jun 1865 |
8 Jun 1932 |
66 |
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|
Created Viscount Brentford 5 Jul 1929 |
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|
MP for Manchester NW 1908-1910, |
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|
Brentford 1911-1918 and Twickenham 1918- |
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|
1929. Postmaster General 1923, Minister |
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of Health 1923-1924, Home Secretary 1924- |
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1929. PC 1923 |
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8 Jun 1932 |
|
2 |
Richard Cecil Joynson-Hicks |
15 Nov 1896 |
27 Jun 1958 |
61 |
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27 Jun 1958 |
|
3 |
Lancelot William Joynson-Hicks |
10 Apr 1902 |
25 Feb 1983 |
80 |
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|
|
MP for Chichester 1942-1958 |
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25 Feb 1983 |
|
4 |
Crispin William Joynson-Hicks |
7 Apr 1933 |
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|
BRERETON OF LEIGHLIN |
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11 May 1624 |
B[I] |
1 |
Sir William Brereton |
6 Feb 1550 |
1 Oct 1631 |
81 |
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|
Created Baron Brereton of Leighlin 11 May 1624 |
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1 Oct 1631 |
|
2 |
William Brereton |
28 Feb 1611 |
21 Apr 1664 |
53 |
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Lord
Lieutenant Cheshire 1662-1664. MP for |
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Cheshire 1661-1664 |
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Apr 1664 |
|
3 |
William Brereton |
4 May 1631 |
17 Mar 1680 |
48 |
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17 Mar 1680 |
|
4 |
John Brereton |
2 Dec 1659 |
1718 |
58 |
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1718 |
|
5 |
Francis Brereton |
1 May 1662 |
11 Apr 1722 |
59 |
to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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11 Apr 1722 |
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BRETT |
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20 Jul 1999 |
B[L] |
1 |
William Henry Brett |
6 Mar 1942 |
29 Mar 2012 |
70 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron Brett for life 20 Jul 1999 |
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|
29 Mar 2012 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRIDGE OF HARWICH |
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29 Sep 1980 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Nigel Cyprian Bridge |
26 Feb 1917 |
20 Nov 2007 |
90 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron Bridge of Harwich for life |
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20 Nov 2007 |
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|
29 Sep 1980 |
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|
Lord Justice of Appeal 1975-1980. Lord |
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|
of Appeal in Ordinary 1980-1992. PC 1975 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRIDGEMAN |
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18 Jun 1929 |
V |
1 |
William Clive Bridgeman |
31 Dec 1864 |
14 Aug 1935 |
70 |
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|
Created Viscount Bridgeman 18 Jun 1929 |
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|
MP for Oswestry 1906-1929. Secretary for |
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|
Mines 1920-1922, Home Secretary 1922-1924, |
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|
First Lord of the Admiralty 1924-1929, |
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PC 1920 |
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14 Aug 1935 |
|
2 |
Robert Clive Bridgeman |
1 Apr 1896 |
17 Nov 1982 |
86 |
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|
Lord Lieutenant Shropshire 1951-1970 |
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17 Nov 1982 |
|
3 |
Robin John Orlando Bridgeman [Elected hereditary |
5 Dec 1930 |
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peer 1999-] |
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BRIDGES |
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4 Feb 1957 |
B |
1 |
Sir Edward Ettingdene Bridges |
4 Aug 1892 |
27 Aug 1969 |
77 |
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|
Created Baron Bridges 4 Feb 1957 |
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|
PC 1953. KG 1965 |
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27 Aug 1969 |
|
2 |
Thomas Edward Bridges
[Elected hereditary |
27 Nov 1927 |
27 May 2017 |
89 |
|
|
|
peer 1999-2016] |
|
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27 May 2017 |
|
3 |
Mark Thomas Bridges |
25 Jul 1954 |
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BRIDGES OF HEADLEY |
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28 May 2015 |
B[L] |
1 |
James George Robert Bridges |
15 Jul 1970 |
|
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|
|
Created Baron Bridges of Headley for life |
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|
28 May 2015 |
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BRIDGWATER |
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19 Jul 1538 |
E |
1 |
Henry Daubeney, 9th Baron Daubeney |
Dec 1493 |
12 Apr 1548 |
54 |
to |
|
|
Created Earl of Bridgwater |
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|
|
12 Apr 1548 |
|
|
19 Jul 1538 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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|
27 May 1617 |
E |
1 |
John Egerton,2nd Viscount Brackley |
1579 |
4 Dec 1649 |
70 |
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Created Earl of Bridgwater 27 May 1617 |
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MP for Shropshire 1601. Lord Lieutenant |
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Shropshire,Worcester,Hereford and |
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Monmouth 1631 |
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4 Dec 1649 |
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2 |
John Egerton |
30 May 1623 |
26 Oct 1686 |
63 |
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Lord Lieutenant Buckingham 1660-1686 |
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Cheshire 1673-1676,Lancashire 1673-1676 and |
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Hertfordshire 1681-1686
PC 1679 |
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26 Oct 1686 |
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3 |
John Egerton |
9 Nov 1646 |
19 Mar 1701 |
54 |
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MP for Buckingham 1685-1686. Lord |
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Lieutenant
Buckingham 1686-1687 and 1689-1701. |
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PC 1691 |
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19 Mar 1701 |
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4 |
Scroop Egerton |
11 Aug 1681 |
11 Jan 1745 |
63 |
18 Jun 1720 |
D |
1 |
Created Marquess of Brackley and Duke |
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of Bridgwater 18 Jun 1720 |
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Lord
Lieutenant Buckingham 1703-1711 and |
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1714-1728 |
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11 Jan 1745 |
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5 |
John Egerton |
29 Apr 1727 |
4 Mar 1748 |
20 |
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2 |
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4 Mar 1748 |
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6 |
Francis Egerton |
21 Jul 1736 |
8 Mar 1803 |
66 |
to |
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3 |
On his death the Dukedom became extinct |
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8 Mar 1803 |
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whilst the Earldom passed to - |
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8 Mar 1803 |
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7 |
John William Egerton |
14 Apr 1753 |
21 Oct 1823 |
70 |
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MP for Morpeth 1777-1780 and Brackley |
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1780-1803 |
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21 Oct 1823 |
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8 |
Francis Henry Egerton |
11 Nov 1756 |
11 Feb 1829 |
72 |
to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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11 Feb 1829 |
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For further information on this peer, see the note |
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at the foot of this page. |
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BRIDPORT |
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14 Nov 1794 |
B[I] |
1 |
Alexander Hood |
2 Dec 1726 |
3 May 1814 |
87 |
16 Jun 1800 |
V |
1 |
Created Baron
Bridport [I] 14 Nov |
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to |
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1794,Baron Bridport 13 Jun 1796 and |
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3 May 1814 |
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Viscount Bridport 16 Jun 1800 |
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MP for Bridgewater 1784-1790 and |
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Buckingham 1790-1796 |
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On his death the two peerages of Great |
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Britain became extinct,whilst the Irish |
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Barony passed to - |
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3 May 1814 |
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2 |
Samuel Hood |
7 Dec 1788 |
6 Jan 1868 |
79 |
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MP for Heytesbury 1812-1818 |
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6 Jan 1868 |
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3 |
Alexander Nelson Hood |
23 Dec 1814 |
4 Jun 1904 |
89 |
6 Jul 1868 |
V |
1 |
Created Viscount Bridport 6 Jul 1868 |
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4 Jun 1904 |
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2 |
Arthur Wellington Alexander Nelson Hood |
15 Dec 1839 |
28 Mar 1924 |
84 |
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MP for Somerset West 1868-1880 |
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28 Mar 1924 |
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3 |
Rowland Arthur Herbert Nelson Hood |
22 May 1911 |
25 Jul 1969 |
58 |
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25 Jul 1969 |
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4 |
Alexander Nelson Hood |
17 Mar 1948 |
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BRIENE |
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23 Jun 1701 |
V[S] |
1 |
Robert Kerr |
8 Mar 1636 |
15 Feb 1703 |
66 |
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Created Lord Kerr of Newbottle, |
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Viscount of Briene,Earl of Ancram and |
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Marquess of Lothian 23 Jun 1701 |
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See "Lothian" |
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BRIGGS |
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19 Jul 1976 |
B[L] |
1 |
Asa Briggs |
7 May 1921 |
15 Mar 2016 |
94 |
to |
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Created Baron Briggs for life 19 Jul 1976 |
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15 Mar 2016 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRIGHTMAN |
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12 Mar 1982 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir John Anson Brightman |
20 Jun 1911 |
6 Feb 2006 |
94 |
to |
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Created Baron Brightman for life |
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6 Feb 2006 |
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12 Mar 1982 |
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Lord Justice of Appeal 1979-1982. Lord of |
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Appeal in Ordinary 1982-1986. PC 1979 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRIGINSHAW |
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16 Jan 1975 |
B[L] |
1 |
Richard William Briginshaw |
15 May 1908 |
27 Mar 1992 |
83 |
to |
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Created Baron Briginshaw for life |
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27 Mar 1992 |
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16 Jan 1975 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRIGSTOCKE |
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21 May 1990 |
B[L] |
1 |
Heather Renwick Brigstocke |
2 Sep 1929 |
30 Apr 2004 |
74 |
to |
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Created Baroness Brigstocke for life |
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30 Apr 2004 |
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21 May 1990 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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BRIMELOW |
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29 Jan 1976 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Thomas Brimelow |
25 Oct 1915 |
2 Aug 1995 |
79 |
to |
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Created Baron Brimelow for life 29 Jan 1976 |
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2 Aug 1995 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRINTON |
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4 Feb 2011 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sarah Virginia Brinton |
1 Apr 1955 |
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Created Baroness Brinton for life 4 Feb 2011 |
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BRISTOL |
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15 Sep 1622 |
E |
1 |
John Digby |
Feb 1586 |
21 Jan 1653 |
66 |
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Created Baron Digby of Sherborne |
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25 Nov 1618 and Earl of Bristol |
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15 Sep 1622 |
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MP for Hedon 1610 |
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21 Jan 1653 |
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2 |
George Digby |
Oct 1612 |
20 Mar 1677 |
64 |
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MP for Dorset 1640. Secretary of State |
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1643-1649. KG 1653 |
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He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of |
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Acceleration as Baron Digby of Sherborne |
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9 Jun 1641 |
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20 Mar 1677 |
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3 |
John Digby |
26 Apr 1634 |
18 Sep 1698 |
64 |
to |
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MP for Dorset 1675-1677. Lord Lieutenant |
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18 Sep 1698 |
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Dorset 1679-1698 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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19 Oct 1714 |
E |
1 |
John Hervey |
27 Aug 1665 |
20 Jan 1751 |
85 |
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Created Baron Hervey of Ickworth |
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23 Mar 1703 and Earl of Bristol |
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19 Oct 1714 |
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MP for Bury St.Edmunds 1694-1703 |
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20 Jan 1751 |
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2 |
George William Hervey |
31 Aug 1721 |
18 Mar 1775 |
53 |
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Lord Lieutenant Ireland 1766-1767. Lord |
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Privy Seal 1768-1770. PC 1766 |
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18 Mar 1775 |
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3 |
Augustus John Hervey |
18 May 1724 |
23 Dec 1779 |
55 |
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MP for Bury St.Edmunds 1757-1763,Saltash |
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1763-1768 and Bury St.Edmunds 1768-1775. |
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PC [I] 1766 |
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23 Dec 1779 |
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4 |
Frederick Augustus Hervey |
1 Aug 1730 |
8 Jul 1803 |
72 |
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PC [I] 1767 |
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He became sole heir to the Barony of Howard de |
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Walden (qv) in 1799. On his death the Barony |
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descended to his great grandson |
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For further information on this peer, see the note |
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at the foot of this page. |
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8 Jul 1803 |
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5 |
Frederick William Hervey |
2 Jun 1769 |
15 Feb 1859 |
89 |
30 Jun 1826 |
M |
1 |
Created Earl Jermyn of Horningsheath |
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and Marquess of Bristol 30 Jun 1826 |
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MP for Bury St.Edmunds 1796-1803 |
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15 Feb 1859 |
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2 |
Frederick William Hervey |
15 Jul 1800 |
30 Oct 1864 |
64 |
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MP for Bury St.Edmunds 1826-1859. PC 1841 |
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30 Oct 1864 |
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3 |
Frederick William John Hervey |
28 Jun 1834 |
7 Aug 1907 |
73 |
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MP for Suffolk West 1859-1864 |
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Lord Lieutenant Suffolk 1886-1907 |
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7 Aug 1907 |
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4 |
Frederick William Fane Hervey |
8 Nov 1863 |
24 Oct 1951 |
86 |
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MP for Bury St.Edmunds 1906-1907 |
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24 Oct 1951 |
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5 |
Herbert Arthur Robert Hervey |
10 Oct 1870 |
5 Apr 1960 |
89 |
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5 Apr 1960 |
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6 |
Victor Frederick Cochrane Hervey |
6 Oct 1915 |
10 Mar 1985 |
69 |
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For further information on this peer, see the note |
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at the foot of this page. |
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10 Mar 1985 |
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7 |
Frederick William John Augustus Hervey |
15 Sep 1954 |
10 Jan 1999 |
44 |
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For further information on this peer, see the note |
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at the foot of this page. |
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10 Jan 1999 |
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8 |
Frederick William Augustus Hervey |
19 Oct 1979 |
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BRITANNY |
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24 May 1305 |
B |
1 |
John de Dreux |
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17 Jan 1334 |
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to |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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17 Jan 1334 |
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Britanny 24 May 1305 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRITTAN OF SPENNITHORNE |
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9 Feb 2000 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Leon Brittan |
25 Sep 1939 |
21 Jan 2015 |
75 |
to |
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Created Baron Brittan of Spennithorne |
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21 Jan 2015 |
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for life 9 Feb 2000 |
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MP for Cleveland and Whitby 1974-1983, |
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Richmond 1983-1988. Minister of State, Home |
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Office
1979-1981. Chief Secretary to the |
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Treasury 1981-1983. Home Secretary 1983-1985 |
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Sec of State for Trade and Industry 1985- |
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1986. PC 1981 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRITTEN |
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2 Jul 1976 |
B[L] |
1 |
Edward Benjamin Britten |
22 Nov 1913 |
4 Dec 1976 |
63 |
to |
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Created Baron Britten for life 2 Jul 1976 |
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4 Dec 1976 |
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CH 1953 OM 1965 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROADBRIDGE |
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14 Sep 1945 |
B |
1 |
Sir George Thomas Broadbridge,1st baronet |
13 Feb 1869 |
17 Apr 1952 |
83 |
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Created Baron Broadbridge 14 Sep 1945 |
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MP for London
1938-1945 |
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17 Apr 1952 |
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2 |
Eric Wilberforce Broadbridge |
22 Dec 1895 |
18 Nov 1972 |
76 |
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18 Nov 1972 |
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3 |
Peter Hewett Broadbridge |
19 Aug 1938 |
6 Feb 2000 |
61 |
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6 Feb 2000 |
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4 |
Martin Hugh Broadbridge |
29 Nov 1929 |
14 Apr 2020 |
90 |
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14 Apr 2020 |
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5 |
Air Vice-Marshall Richard John Martin Broadbridge |
1959 |
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BROCAS |
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29 Jun 1925 |
V |
1 |
John Rushworth Jellicoe |
5 Dec 1859 |
20 Nov 1935 |
75 |
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Created Viscount Brocas and Earl |
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Jellicoe 29 Jun 1925 |
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See "Jellicoe" |
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BROCK |
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5 Jul 1965 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Russell Claude Brock |
24 Oct 1903 |
3 Sep 1980 |
76 |
to |
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Created Baron Brock
for life 5 Jul 1965 |
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3 Sep 1980 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROCKET |
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19 Jan 1933 |
B |
1 |
Sir Charles Alexander Nall-Cain,1st baronet |
29 May 1866 |
21 Nov 1934 |
68 |
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Created Baron Brocket 19 Jan 1933 |
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21 Nov 1934 |
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2 |
Arthur Ronald Nall Nall-Cain |
4 Aug 1904 |
24 Mar 1967 |
62 |
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MP for Wavertree 1931-1934 |
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24 Mar 1967 |
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3 |
Charles Ronald George Nall-Cain |
12 Feb 1952 |
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BROCKWAY |
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17 Dec 1964 |
B[L] |
1 |
Archibald Fenner Brockway |
1 Nov 1888 |
28 Apr 1988 |
99 |
to |
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Created Baron Brockway for life |
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28 Apr 1988 |
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17 Dec 1964 |
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MP for Leyton East 1929-1931 and Eton and |
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Slough 1950-1964 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BRODRICK |
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13 Apr 1715 |
B[I] |
1 |
Alan Brodrick |
1656 |
29 Aug 1728 |
72 |
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Created Baron Brodrick 13 Apr 1715 |
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He was
subsequently created Viscount |
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Midleton (qv) 15 Aug 1717 |
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************* |
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11 Jun 1796 |
B |
1 |
George Brodrick,4th Viscount Midleton |
1 Nov 1754 |
12 Aug 1836 |
81 |
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Created Baron Brodrick [GB] 11 Jun 1796 |
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For
details of the special remainder included |
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in the creation of this peerage,see the note |
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at the foot of this page containing details of |
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the Viscountcy of Midleton |
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See "Midleton" |
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BROERS |
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21 Jun 2004 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Alec Nigel Broers |
17 Sep 1938 |
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Created Baron Broers for life 21 Jun 2004 |
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BROME |
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30 Jun 1753 |
V |
1 |
Charles Cornwallis |
29 Mar 1700 |
23 Jun 1762 |
62 |
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Created Viscount Brome and Earl |
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Cornwallis 30 Jun 1753 |
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See "Cornwallis" |
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BROOKE |
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29 Jan 1621 |
B |
1 |
Fulke Greville |
1554 |
30 Sep 1628 |
74 |
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Created Baron Brooke 29 Jan 1621 |
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MP for Warwickshire 1586-1601. Chancellor |
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of the Exchequer 1614-1621 |
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30 Sep 1628 |
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2 |
Robert Greville |
1607 |
2 Mar 1643 |
35 |
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MP for Warwickshire 1628. Lord Lieutenant |
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Warwick 1642 |
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2 Mar 1643 |
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3 |
Francis Greville |
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Nov 1658 |
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Nov 1658 |
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4 |
Robert Greville |
c 1638 |
17 Feb 1677 |
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Lord Lieutenant Stafford 1660-1677 |
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17 Feb 1677 |
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5 |
Fulke Greville |
May 1643 |
22 Oct 1710 |
67 |
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MP for Warwick 1664-1677 |
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22 Oct 1710 |
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6 |
Fulke Greville |
1693 |
22 Feb 1711 |
17 |
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22 Feb 1711 |
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7 |
William Greville |
1695 |
28 Jul 1727 |
32 |
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28 Jul 1727 |
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8 |
Francis Greville |
10 Oct 1719 |
6 Jul 1773 |
53 |
7 Jul 1746 |
E |
1 |
Created Earl Brooke of Warwick |
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Castle 7 Jul 1746 |
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Lord Lieutenant Warwick 1749-1757. KT 1753 |
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Further created Earl of Warwick 13 Nov 1759 |
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6 Jul 1773 |
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2 |
George Greville
(also 2nd Earl Brooke) |
16 Sep 1746 |
2 May 1816 |
69 |
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MP for Warwick 1768-1773. Lord Lieutenant |
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Warwick 1795-1816 |
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2 May 1816 |
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3 |
Henry Richard Greville
(also 3rd Earl Brooke) |
29 Mar 1779 |
10 Aug 1853 |
74 |
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MP for Warwick 1802-1816. Lord Lieutenant |
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Warwick 1822-1853.
KT 1827 |
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10 Aug 1853 |
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4 |
George Guy Greville
(also 4th Earl Brooke) |
28 Mar 1818 |
2 Dec 1893 |
75 |
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MP for Warwickshire South 1845-1853 |
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2 Dec 1893 |
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5 |
Francis Richard Charles Guy Greville (also |
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5th Earl Brooke) |
9 Feb 1853 |
15 Jan 1924 |
70 |
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MP for
Somerset East 1879-1885 and |
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Colchester 1888-1892. Lord Lieutenant |
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Essex 1901-1919 |
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15 Jan 1924 |
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6 |
Leopold Guy Francis Maynard Greville |
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(also 6th Earl Brooke) |
10 Sep 1882 |
31 Jan 1928 |
45 |
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31 Jan 1928 |
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7 |
Charles Guy Fulke Greville (also 7th Earl |
4 Mar 1911 |
20 Jan 1984 |
72 |
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Brooke) |
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20 Jan 1984 |
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8 |
David Robin Francis Guy Greville (also 8th |
15 May 1934 |
20 Jan 1996 |
61 |
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Earl Brooke) |
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20 Jan 1996 |
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9 |
Guy David Greville
(also 9th Earl Brooke) |
30 Jan 1957 |
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BROOKE OF ALVERTHORPE |
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23 Oct 1997 |
B[L] |
1 |
Clive Brooke |
21 Jun 1942 |
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Created Baron Brooke of Alverthorpe |
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for life 23 Oct 1997 |
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BROOKE OF CUMNOR |
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20 Jul 1966 |
B[L] |
1 |
Henry Brooke |
9 Apr 1903 |
29 Mar 1984 |
80 |
to |
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Created Baron Brooke of Cumnor for life |
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29 Mar 1984 |
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20 Jul 1966 |
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MP for
Lewisham West 1938-1945 and |
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Hampstead 1950-1966. Financial Secretary |
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to the Treasury 1954-1957, Minister of |
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Housing 1957-1961, Chief Secretary to the |
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Treasury and Paymaster General 1961-1962, |
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Home Secretary 1962-1964. PC 1955 CH 1964 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROOKE OF OAKLEY |
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4 Jul 1939 |
B |
1 |
Sir Arthur Richard de Capell-Brooke,5th baronet |
12 Oct 1869 |
17 Nov 1944 |
75 |
to |
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Created Baron Brooke of Oakley |
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17 Nov 1944 |
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4 Jul 1939 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROOKE OF SUTTON MANDEVILLE |
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30 Jul 2001 |
B[L] |
1 |
Peter Leonard Brooke |
3 Mar 1934 |
13 May 2023 |
89 |
to |
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Created Baron Brooke of Sutton |
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13 May 2023 |
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|
Mandeville for life 30 Jul 2001 |
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MP for London & Westminster South 1977- |
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1997 and London & Westminster 1997-2001 |
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Minister of State,Treasury 1985-1987 |
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Paymaster
General 1987-1989. Sec for |
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|
Northern Ireland 1989-1992. Sec for National |
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|
Heritage 1992-1994. PC 1988 CH 1992 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROOKE OF YSTRADFELLTE |
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7 Dec 1964 |
B[L] |
1 |
Dame Barbara Muriel Brooke |
14 Jan 1908 |
1 Sep 2000 |
92 |
to |
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|
Created Baroness Brooke of |
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1 Sep 2000 |
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|
Ystradfellte for life 7 Dec 1964 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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BROOKEBOROUGH |
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1 Jul 1952 |
V |
1 |
Sir Basil Stanlake Brooke,5th baronet |
9 Jun 1888 |
18 Aug 1973 |
85 |
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Created Viscount Brookeborough |
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1 Jul 1952 |
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Prime Minister of Northern Ireland 1943- |
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1963. Lord Lieutenant Fermanagh 1963-1969 |
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KG 1965 PC [NI]
1933 |
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18 Aug 1973 |
|
2 |
John Warden Brooke |
9 Nov 1922 |
5 Mar 1987 |
64 |
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PC[NI] 1971 |
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5 Mar 1987 |
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3 |
Alan Henry Brooke |
30 Jun 1952 |
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Lord Lieutenant Fermanagh 2012- KG 2018 |
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[Elected hereditary peer 1999-] |
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BROOKES |
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14 Jan 1976 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Raymond Percival Brookes |
10 Apr 1909 |
31 Jul 2002 |
93 |
to |
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Created Baron Brookes for life 14 Jan 1976 |
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31 Jul 2002 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROOKMAN |
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30 Jul 1998 |
B[L] |
1 |
David Keith Brookman |
3 Jan 1937 |
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Created Baron Brookman for life |
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30 Jul 1998 |
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BROOKS OF TREMORFA |
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17 Jul 1979 |
B[L] |
1 |
John Edward Brooks |
12 Apr 1927 |
4 Mar 2016 |
88 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron Brooks of Tremorfa for life |
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4 Mar 2016 |
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17 Jul 1979 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROOME |
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27 Jul 1914 |
B |
1 |
Horatio Herbert Kitchener |
24 Jun 1850 |
5 Jun 1916 |
65 |
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Created Baron
Denton,Viscount |
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|
Broome and Earl Kitchener of Khartoum |
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27 Jul 1914 |
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See "Kitchener" |
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BROTHERTON |
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17 Jun 1929 |
B |
1 |
Sir Edward Allen Brotherton,1st baronet |
1 Apr 1856 |
21 Oct 1930 |
74 |
to |
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Created Baron Brotherton 17 Jun 1929 |
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21 Oct 1930 |
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MP for Wakefield 1902-1910 and 1918-1922 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROUGHAM AND VAUX |
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22 Nov 1830 |
B |
1 |
Henry Peter Brougham |
19 Sep 1778 |
7 May 1868 |
89 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron Brougham and Vaux |
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7 May 1868 |
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22 Nov 1830 and again 22 Mar 1860 |
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22 Mar 1860 |
B |
1 |
For details of the special remainder included in the |
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|
|
|
creation of the
Barony of 1860,see the note at the |
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|
foot of this page |
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MP for Camelford 1810-1812, Winchelsea |
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1815-1830,Yorkshire 1830 and Knaresborough 1830 |
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Lord Chancellor 1830-1834
PC 1830 |
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On his
death the 1830 creation became |
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extinct but the 1860 creation passed to - |
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For further information on this peer,see the note |
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|
at the foot of this page |
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7 May 1868 |
|
2 |
William Brougham |
26 Sep 1795 |
1 Jan 1886 |
90 |
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|
|
MP for Southwark 1831-1835 |
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1 Jan 1886 |
|
3 |
Henry Charles Brougham |
2 Sep 1836 |
24 May 1927 |
90 |
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24 May 1927 |
|
4 |
Victor Henry Peter Brougham |
23 Oct 1909 |
20 Jun 1967 |
57 |
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20 Jun 1967 |
|
5 |
Michael John Brougham CBE
[Elected hereditary peer |
2 Aug 1938 |
27 Aug 2023 |
85 |
|
|
|
1999-2023] |
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27 Aug 2023 |
|
6 |
Charles William Brougham |
9 Nov 1971 |
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BROUGHSHANE |
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19 Sep 1945 |
B |
1 |
Sir William Henry Davison |
1872 |
19 Jan 1953 |
80 |
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|
|
Created Baron Broughshane 19 Sep 1945 |
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MP for Kensington South 1918-1945 |
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19 Jan 1953 |
|
2 |
Patrick Owen Alexander Davison |
18 Jun 1903 |
22 Sep 1995 |
92 |
|
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22 Sep 1995 |
|
3 |
William Kensington Davison |
25 Nov 1914 |
24 Mar 2006 |
91 |
to |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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|
24 Mar 2006 |
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BROUGHTON |
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26 Feb 1851 |
B |
1 |
Sir John Cam Hobhouse |
27 Jun 1786 |
3 Jun 1869 |
82 |
to |
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Created Baron Broughton 26 Feb 1851 |
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3 Jun 1869 |
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MP for Westminster 1820-1833, Nottingham |
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1834-1847 and Harwich 1848-1851. |
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Secretary for
War 1832-1833, Chief |
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Secretary for Ireland 1833, Chief |
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Commissioner of Woods and Forests 1834, |
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President of the Board of Control 1835- |
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1841 and 1846-1852. PC 1832 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROUNCKER |
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12 Sep 1645 |
V[I] |
1 |
Sir William Brouncker |
1585 |
Nov 1645 |
60 |
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Created Baron and Viscount |
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Brouncker 12 Sep 1645 |
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Nov 1645 |
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2 |
William Brouncker |
1620 |
5 Apr 1684 |
63 |
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President of the Royal Society 1662-1677 |
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5 Apr 1684 |
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3 |
Henry Brouncker |
1626 |
4 Jan 1688 |
61 |
to |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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4 Jan 1688 |
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BROWN |
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22 Dec 1964 |
B[L] |
1 |
Wilfred Banks Duncan Brown |
29 Nov 1908 |
17 Mar 1985 |
76 |
to |
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Created Baron Brown for life 22 Dec 1964 |
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17 Mar 1985 |
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Minister of State,Board of Trade 1964-1970 |
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PC 1970 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROWN OF CAMBRIDGE |
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30 Oct 2015 |
B[L] |
1 |
Dame Julia Elizabeth King |
11 Jul 1954 |
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Created Baroness Brown of Cambridge for life |
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30 Oct 2015 |
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BROWN OF EATON UNDER HEYWOOD |
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13 Jan 2004 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Simon Denis Brown |
9 Apr 1937 |
7 Jul 2023 |
86 |
to |
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Created Baron
Brown of Eaton under |
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7 Jul 2023 |
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Heywood for life 13 Jan 2004 |
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Lord Justice of Appeal 1992-2004. Lord of |
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Appeal
in Ordinary 2004-2009 Justice of
the |
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Supreme Court 2009-2012
PC 1992 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROWNE OF BELMONT |
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12 Jun 2006 |
B[L] |
1 |
Wallace Browne |
29 Oct 1947 |
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Created Baron Browne of Belmont for life |
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12 Jun 2006 |
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BROWNE OF LADYTON |
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22 Jul 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Desmond Henry Browne |
22 Mar 1952 |
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Created Baron Browne of Ladyton for life |
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22 Jul 2010 |
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MP for Kilmarnock and Loudoun 1997-2010. |
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Chief
Secretary to the Treasury 2005-2006. |
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Secretary of State for Defence 2006-2008. |
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Secretary of State for Scotland 2007-2008 |
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PC 2005 |
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BROWNE OF MADINGLEY |
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28 Jun 2001 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Edmund John Philip Browne |
20 Feb 1948 |
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Created Baron Browne of Madingley |
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for life 28 Jun 2001 |
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BROWNE-WILKINSON |
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1 Oct 1991 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Nicholas Christopher Henry Browne- |
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to |
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Wilkinson |
30 Mar 1930 |
25 Jul 2018 |
88 |
25 Jul 2018 |
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Created Baron Browne-Wilkinson for life |
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1 Oct 1991 |
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Lord Justice of Appeal 1983-1985. Lord of |
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Appeal in Ordinary 1991-2000 PC 1983 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROWNING |
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9 Jul 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Angela Frances Browning |
4 Dec 1946 |
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Created Baroness Browning for life 9 Jul 2010 |
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MP for Tiverton 1992-1997 and Tiverton and |
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Honiton 1997-2010 |
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BROWNLOW |
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20 May 1776 |
B |
1 |
Sir Brownlow Cust,4th baronet |
3 Dec 1744 |
25 Dec 1807 |
63 |
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Created Baron Brownlow 20 May 1776 |
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MP for Ilchester 1768-1774 and |
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Grantham 1774-1776 |
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25 Dec 1807 |
|
2 |
John Cust |
19 Aug 1779 |
15 Sep 1853 |
74 |
27 Nov 1815 |
E |
1 |
Created Viscount Alford and Earl |
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Brownlow 27 Nov 1815 |
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MP for Clitheroe 1802-1807. Lord |
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Lieutenant Lincoln 1809-1852 |
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15 Sep 1853 |
|
3 |
John William Spencer Brownlow |
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2 |
Egerton-Cust |
28 Jun 1842 |
20 Feb 1867 |
24 |
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20 Feb 1867 |
|
4 |
Adelbert Wellington Brownlow Cust |
19 Aug 1844 |
17 Mar 1921 |
76 |
to |
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3 |
MP for
Shropshire North 1866-1867. |
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17 Mar 1921 |
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Paymaster General 1887-1889. Lord |
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Lieutenant Lincoln 1867-1921. PC 1887 |
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On his death the Earldom became extinct |
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whilst the Barony passed to - |
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17 Mar 1921 |
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5 |
Adelbert Salisbury Cockayne Cust |
14 Sep 1867 |
19 Apr 1927 |
59 |
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19 Apr 1927 |
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6 |
Peregrine Francis Adelbert Cust |
27 Apr 1899 |
28 Jul 1978 |
79 |
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Lord Lieutenant Lincoln 1936-1950 |
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28 Jul 1978 |
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7 |
Edward John Peregrine Cust |
25 Mar 1936 |
15 May 2021 |
85 |
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15 May 2021 |
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8 |
Perregrine Edward Quintin Cust |
9 Jul 1974 |
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BROWNLOW OF SHURLOCK ROW |
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09 Oct 2019 |
B[L] |
1 |
David Ellis Brownlow |
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Created Baron
Brownlow of Shurlock Row on 9 Oct 2019 |
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BROXBOURNE |
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21 Sep 1983 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Derek Colclough Walker-Smith,1st baronet |
13 Apr 1910 |
22 Jan 1992 |
81 |
to |
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Created Baron
Broxbourne for life |
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22 Jan 1992 |
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21 Sep 1983 |
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MP for Herford
1945-1955 and |
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Hertfordshire East 1955-1983. Economic |
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Secretary to the Treasury 1956-1957, |
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Minister of State Board of Trade 1957, |
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Minister of Health 1957-1960. PC 1957 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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BROXMOUTH |
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25 Apr 1707 |
V[S] |
1 |
John Ker,Earl of Roxburghe |
c 1680 |
24 Feb 1741 |
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Created Lord Ker of Cessfurd and |
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Cavertoun,Viscount of Broxmouth, |
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Earl of Kelso,Marquess of Bowmont |
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and Cessfurd and Duke of Roxburghe |
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25 Apr 1707 |
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See "Roxburghe" |
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Jane, Lady Hawkins, wife of Baron Brampton |
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Jane Louis Reynolds married in 1887, as his
second wife, the eminent judge Sir Henry Hawkins, |
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who was later created Baron Brampton. According
to Colin Simpson, Lewis Chester and David |
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in their book "The Cleveland Street
Affair" [Little Brown, Boston 1976] she was very ambitious |
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for her husband and is described in that book
as being a noted Mrs Malaprop. The authors give |
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an
amusing example of this trait - 'She is reported to have said after being
congratulated on |
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possession
of a particularly fine Persian carpet: "You wouldn't believe how many
people have |
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copulated me on that carpet." ' |
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Thomas Brassey, 1st Earl Brassey |
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The following biography of Lord Brassey
appeared in the Australian monthly magazine "Parade" |
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in its issue for December 1963:- |
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'Although World War I was only weeks away, June
1914 saw international social events in full |
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swing. Among those who attended the German
naval regatta at Kiel was a portly Englishman |
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who rose at dawn and rowed himself about the
crowded harbour. Since the battleships Seydlitz, |
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Roon and von der Tann, pride of the Kaiser's
new Imperial Navy, were lying at anchor at Kiel, |
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German counterespionage agents were on edge.
They did not trust the inquisitive, cigar- |
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smoking English oarsman. Although apparently
well over 70, he sculled with the ease of a |
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professional waterman. The agents decided his
battered yachting cap, fisherman's guernsey |
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and ancient reefer jacket were worn as a blind.
Because the Kaiser was due in Kiel at any |
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moment, the secret service men decided to take
no risks. They pounced on the mysterious |
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oarsman and lodged him in Kiel naval prison.
The Englishman's only reaction was to roar with |
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laughter. "Lock me up by all means,
gentlemen," he said urbanely, "but kindly get me some |
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more cigars and tell your emperor why I won't
be dining with him this evening." |
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'The supposed spy was the veteran British peer
Lord Brassey, millionaire philanthropist, political |
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economist, naval authority and owner-skipper of
the 530-ton Sunbeam, the most famous steam |
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yacht afloat. Although the yacht had been in
commission for 30 years and had logged nearly a |
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million miles, Brassey asserted that she was
still the most seaworthy private yacht in the world. |
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But the Sunbeam was no toy to Thomas Brassey,
who had less of the playboy in his composition |
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than most other millionaires of his time. His
yacht was as much his home as his mansion in Park |
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Lane or his country home at Normanhurst, Sussex. |
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'The first yacht-owner to hold a
master-mariner's ticket, Lord Brassey sailed the Sunbeam to |
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almost every country, setting up records
unlikely to be equalled. The Sunbeam was the first |
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private vessel to navigate the inland sea of
Japan. Brassey remains the only owner-skipper to |
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sail a steamship through the Straits of Magellan. |
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'Lord Brassey was the son of "Old
Tom" Brassey, a small farmer and land surveyor who, in 1831, |
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became friendly with George Stephenson of
railway fame. Convinced by Stephenson that stage- |
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coaches belonged to the past, Brassey decided
to tender for the construction of a few miles of |
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railway line. The completed job won him such a
reputation that within a few years he was the |
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world's biggest railway contractor, with a
business extending to Canada, Australia, Japan, Russia |
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the Argentine. A man of great vision, Brassey
supplied his own raw materials by establishing |
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mines, smelters, foundries, shipyards and
timber mills. During the 1850s he had 100,000 men on |
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his
payroll. After making fortunes for many of his associates, he left an estate
of £5.2 million |
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when he died in 1870. |
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'Born in Stafford in 1836, Thomas had no urge
to build railways. He wanted to join the navy. |
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But his father soon convinced him that the navy
was in such a chaotic state and promotion |
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|
was so slow he would probably remain a
midshipman for years. So young Tom decided to tackle |
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the navy from the top. Instead of joining as a
cadet midshipman, he went to Oxford University, |
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took high honours in law, history and
economics, and spent his vacations navigating small craft |
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in the North
Sea, the Baltic and the Mediterranean. |
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'At the age of 29 Brassey entered the House of
Commons. His maiden speech, which took five |
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months to prepare and 50 minutes to deliver,
showed the Royal Navy had acquired a new and |
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|
authoritative critic and advocate. Both were
needed. Ever since the end of the Napoleonic |
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|
|
wars 50 years before, the navy had been sinking
deeper into confusion. It had become a medley |
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|
of wooden ships, iron ships, steamships,
sailing ships and composites. Trained in the age of sail, |
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the average senior officer, whom Brassey
described as having a head as well as a heart of oak, |
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had a three-decker outlook. The prejudice
against steam power was as strong as that against |
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breechloading guns. Engineers had no standing,
professional or social. One captain even |
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ordered the marine sentries at the gangway not
to salute engineer officers when they boarded |
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|
or left the ship. |
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'From the outset of his political career,
Brassey set himself to tidy up this expensive and |
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dangerous mess. He advocated chiefly the
scrapping of obsolete vessels, the formation of the |
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|
|
Royal Naval Reserve, the appointment of gunnery
and torpedo officers and the promotion of |
|
|
|
engineers to ranks equal to those of deck
officers. He had an immense capacity for work and |
|
|
|
wrote a number of important books on naval
reform. Becoming one of the Lords of the Admiralty |
|
|
|
he eventually pushed home most of the changes
he had advocated. But his straight-from-the- |
|
|
|
shoulder methods and inability to mince words
cost him a lot of popularity. |
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'In the early 1870s he began the world travels
which made him the most notable tourist of the |
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|
time. After experimenting with several
chartered vessels, he built the Sunbeam, a 530-ton ship |
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|
|
described
by naval architects as a composite three-masted, topsail screw schooner.
Fitted |
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|
with 350-horsepower engines, the Sunbeam
carried a crew of 35, including seamen, engineers, |
|
|
|
cooks, stewards, stewardesses and a surgeon. To
this complement were usually added the |
|
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|
personal servants of the Brassey family. |
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'Brassey's first venture in the Sunbeam was a
cruise to northern Europe and the Norwegian |
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fiords. In 1876 the yacht left Chatham on her
first round-the-world voyage. The owner, who |
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earned his master's certificate by examination
in the usual way, proved himself a thoroughly |
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competent mariner. Off Patagonia, the yacht
made news when she rescued the crew of the |
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Monkshaven, which was going down in flames. But
her presence in the Pacific baffled the |
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inhabitants
of some of the remoter islands. "You come here save soul?" asked
the chief of |
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Mattea. When Brassey assured him that he was
not a missionary, the chief fell back on the |
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two other standard occupations of white men in
the Pacific at that time: "You steal men or |
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sell grog?" Learning that his visitor was
neither a blackbirder nor a bootlegger, the chief gave |
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it up. "Why the hell you come here at all
then?" he demanded. |
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'In 1886 Brassey's support for the unpopular
cause of Irish Home Rule cost him his seat in the |
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Commons. Raised to the peerage, he took his
seat in the House of Lords and as Lord Brassey |
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set out on another world trip, taking in the
East Indies and Australia. In Melbourne he made a |
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hit when he led the search for a fishing boat
which had disappeared during a gale in Port Phillip |
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and rescued the crew from a buoy half a mile
off Mornington. Queenslanders were delighted |
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when he took his famous yacht right up the
coast, entertaining children on board at every |
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port from
Brisbane to Cooktown. |
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'In 1895 Brassey, who was now known as
"his yachtship," returned to Australia in the Sunbeam, |
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this time as Governor of Victoria. The economic
boom of the 1880s had burst and Melbourne |
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was a depressed city. Lord Brassey did his best
to cheer everyone up. His vice-regal salary |
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meant nothing to the governor. He spent his
first year's pay on a ball the first week he arrived. |
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After that his donations to charity and his
social expenses assumed astronomical proportions. |
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During [Melbourne] Cup Week in 1898, after
having entertained 5000 citizens at a garden party, |
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he gave two balls, each of which was attended
by 3000 guests. On Steeplechase Day, he |
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stayed away from Flemington [Racecourse] to
entertain 5000 school-children to tea. Nothing |
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pleased him more than to see a few thousand of
the city's ragamuffins swarming over the |
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Government House lawns or being marched into
the huge marquees which sailors from the |
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Sunbeam
were always on hand to erect. His caterer became accustomed to receiving
a |
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telephone call from an aide ordering 10,000
bottles of lemonade, 6000 sponge cakes, jam tarts |
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and sausage rolls and anything up to a ton of
boiled sweets. |
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'Lord Brassey revived yacht racing on Port
Phillip Bay, and did a lot of cruising in the Sunbeam, |
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including a trip to New Zealand, where he was
arrested for furious bicycle riding in Christchurch. |
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He was the last colonial governor of Victoria
[i.e. prior to Australia's Federation in 1901]. What |
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the job cost him was never revealed. To the
grief of caterers, dressmakers, florists, tailors, |
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bandsmen and even the proprietors of
roundabouts and Punch-and-Judy shows, he left in 1900. |
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'Although Australia saw him no more, his
yachtship sailed on. In 1910, at the age of 74, he took |
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the Sunbeam across the Atlantic for the last
time. Five years later she turned up in the eastern |
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Mediterranean
where her indomitable commander used her as an auxiliary hospital ship
during |
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the Gallipoli campaign. By the time he was 80,
Brassey forsook the sea and the Sunbeam to |
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the Indian Government for the rest of the war.
Dying early in 1918 at the age of 82, her owner |
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did not see her again. The following year
Brassey's only son was killed in an accident and the |
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title became extinct [see following note for
more details]. |
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'The name lives on in Brassey's Naval Annual, a
publication founded by the earl in 1886 and still |
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regarded as authoritative. [After undergoing a
number of changes of name, the publication |
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continued until 1992]. The famous Sunbeam ended
her career as a training ship for boys in |
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Pangbourne on the Thames, a fate that disgusted
some of the former members of her crew.' |
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************************ |
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Surprisingly, the article above makes no
mention of Brassey's first wife. He married, on 9 |
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October 1860, Anna Allnutt (7 October 1839-14
September 1887), who accompanied him on |
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the Sunbeam during its voyages. Following the
completion of the round the world voyage of |
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1876-77, she published "A Voyage in the
Sunbeam" which became a best-seller. The standard |
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biographies of Lady Brassey state that she died
of malaria and was buried at sea in September |
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1887. |
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However, a number of American newspapers for
many years after her death sought to inject an |
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element of mystery into her death, for no
reason that I have ever been able to discover. One |
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such typical article appeared in 'The Los
Angeles Times' of 17 July 1904:- |
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'Mysterious indeed was the disappearance at sea
of Lady Brassey on September 4 [sic], 1887. |
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She had been visiting India with her husband,
Lord Brassey, and was voyaging on board her |
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well-known yacht, the Sunbeam, from Bombay to
Melbourne. Her children were on board and |
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inasmuch as both they and her husband were
devoted to her, and her life had been a singularly |
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happy one, there was no reason whatsoever why
she should have taken her life. Yet one |
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evening when the maid tapped at the door of her
cabin in order to help her dress for dinner, she |
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found the apartment empty, and as dinner was
announced before Lady Brassey appeared, she |
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notified Lord Brassey. The latter, who like his
daughters, had been under the impression that |
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Lady Brassey had been resting in her cabin, at
once became alarmed and instituted a search |
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which failed to bring to light any trace of the
unfortunate woman. The Sunbeam remained |
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cruising about in the vicinity in the hope of
recovering at least the body. But it was a vain hope |
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at the best, since the seas in those latitudes
are infested with sharks. |
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'Did Lady Brassey fall overboard, or throw
herself into the sea voluntarily? No one knows to this |
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day. Her end has always been shrouded in
mystery, and I doubt whether any of those in this |
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country who peruse the pages of that singularly
charming book entitled "The Voyage of the |
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Sunbeam," which is to be found in every
American library, public as well as private, are aware |
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of the strange fate of its gifted author.' |
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Thomas Allnutt Brassey, 2nd Earl Brassey |
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The 2nd Earl died after being hit by a taxi
while crossing a London street. The following report |
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of his inquest appeared in 'The Scotsman' on 15
November 1919:- |
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'Dr Ingleby Oddie at the Westminster Coroner's
Court yesterday held an inquest concerning the |
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death of Earl Brassey, who died on Wednesday
from injuries received in a taxi-cab accident, |
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which took place yesterday week at Westminster. |
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'Evidence
was given by the widow of the deceased peer, Lady Idena Mary Brassey,
who |
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identified her husband, and said he was 56
years of age, and lived at 32 Lancaster Gardens. |
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Earl Brassey met with an accident on November
6th, but the only thing he said about it was |
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that a taxi-cab caught him in the back and
knocked him down. The late Earl, she added, was in |
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good health, but one of his eyes was rather
affected. He shot with his left eye. |
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'The Coroner - And his hearing? - Witness -
Quite good. |
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'Police-Constable Maynard produced a plan of
the spot near Westminster Hospital where the |
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accident took place. He explained that it had
been drawn up when it was proposed to put a |
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refuge there. The roadway was wood-paved, and
about 110 feet wide. |
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'The Coroner, after examining the plans
remarked that it would be a very good thing if a refuge |
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was placed there. |
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'Grace Mary Fenning, of Shotter Mill,
Haslemere, said that she was in the taxi-cab going towards |
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Westminster Bridge when the accident occurred.
The taxi was driving at a quite ordinary pace, |
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and the driver, she believed, was on the right
side of the road. She happened to be looking out |
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of the window at the time, and saw a man
suddenly dashing across the road, evidently to the |
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other side. He was going at an angle of about
fifteen degrees towards the taxi. |
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'The Coroner - Was he in front of you? - I only
just saw him. His back was towards me. He was |
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running. |
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'What
did the driver do? - He pulled up after the man had collided with the taxi.
As far as I |
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could see the taxi man could not possibly have
pulled up in time to avoid him. |
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'Police-Constable Marriner, who was on point
duty at the time of the accident, said that Lord |
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Brassey refused to go to the Hospital on a
stretcher. Witness assisted him to walk there. After |
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attention
in the hospital witness accompanied him home in a cab. Lord Brassey said to
him |
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about the accident, "I think it was my own
fault. I was passing in front of another vehicle." |
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'Sir Geo. Hastings, who attended Earl Brassey
at his home, said that on the evening of the |
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accident he appeared to be perfectly well, and
talked and complained of pain at the back of |
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his head. Later on he became confused in his
speech, and went into a sort of coma. Next |
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morning witness found him comatose. Other
surgeons were called in, and early on Wednesday |
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morning they operated, and a clot the size of a
fist was discovered and removed. This, |
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however, gave no relief, and Lord Brassey sank
during the day, and died at 6.30 on Wednesday |
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evening. The actual cause of death was the
injury to the brain and a fractured skull. |
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'The Coroner said there was no evidence of
negligence on the part of the driver, and he |
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would record a verdict of "accidental death." |
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The special remainder to the Barony of
Braybrooke created in 1788 |
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From the "London Gazette" of 26
August 1788 (issue 13020, page 413):- |
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'The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity
of a Baron of the Kingdom of Great Britain to |
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the Right Honourable John Griffin, Lord Howard
of Walden, Knight of the Most Honourable Order |
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of the Bath, and General of His Majesty's
Forces, and to the Heirs Male of his Body lawfully |
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begotten, by the Name, Stile and Title of Lord
Braybrooke, Baron of Braybrooke, in the County |
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of Northampton; with Remainder to Richard
Aldworth Neville, of Billingbear, in the County of |
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Berks, Esq; and the Heirs Male of his Body
lawfully begotten.' |
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The successful claim to the Barony of Braye
1835-1839 |
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After being in abeyance for the best part of
300 years, a descendant of one of the co-heirs to |
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this peerage petitioned for the termination of
the abeyance in 1835. In the following year, this |
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petition was heard by the Committee of
Privileges, as reported in the London "Morning Post" of |
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27 February 1836:- |
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'The claim of Mrs. Sarah Otway Cave to the
above title and dignity [the barony of Braye] came |
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on to be investigated this morning, before a
Committee of Privileges..... |
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'In consequence of the obscurity attending this
and other ancient baronies, from the loss of the |
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early
Parliamentary records, and the length of time during which they have been
lying in |
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abeyance,
two extremely important questions have arisen, affecting Peerage claims
generally, |
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viz., whether the baronies were originally
created by writs of summons, or by patent or charter; |
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and,
secondly, whether they are baronies in fee, descendible to heirs general; or
baronies in |
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tail, limited and descendible to heirs male only. |
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'The
present claim arises under the following circumstances:- Sir Edmund Braye, of
Braye, in |
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the county of Bedford, Knight, was summoned to
Parliament as a Baron of the realm, by writ, as |
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is
stated in the twenty-first year of the reign of King Edward VIII (anno 1529),
and sat in |
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Parliament in pursuance thereof, whereby he
acquired the dignity of a Baron to him and the heirs |
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of
his body. He married Jane, daughter of Sir Richard Hallighwell, and died in
the 31st of Henry |
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VIII (1539), leaving issue by his said wife one
son, John Braye, and six daughters viz., Anne, |
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Elizabeth, Frideswide, Mary, Dorothy, and
Frances. He was succeeded by his only son, the said |
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John,
second Baron Braye, who was repeatedly summoned to and sat in Parliament as a
Baron |
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of the realm in the reigns of King Henry VIII,
King Edward VI, and Queen Mary, and died on the |
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18th of November, 4 and 5 Phil. and Mary
(1557), without issue, leaving his aforesaid six sisters, |
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his co-heirs, in whom, or whose descendants and
representatives, the barony fell into abeyance, |
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in which state it still continues, and is
therefore at his Majesty's disposal. Neither the writ of |
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summons or any enrolment of it is now extant,
nor is any patent or charter creating the barony |
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enrolled. |
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'In
the month of November last [1835] the claimant presented a petition to the
King, praying |
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that his Majesty would be graciously pleased to
determine the abeyance in her favour, she being |
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the sole heiress of the body of Elizabeth, the
second sister and co-heir of John, the last Baron |
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Braye, who married Sir Ralph Verney, and
setting forth in her said petition that the other co- |
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heirs of the barony were Sir William Boothby,
of Ashbourn Hall, in the county of Derby, Bart., as |
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heir of Anne, the eldest sister and co-heir of
John the last Baron Braye, and that her grandson |
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and
heir, Henry, Lord Cobham, was attainted on high treason in the year 1603,
which attainder |
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has never been reversed (the representation of
the eldest co-heir is therefore vested in the |
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Crown); Sir Percival Hart Dyke, of Lullingstone
Castle, in the county of Kent, Baronet, as heir of |
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Frideswide, the third sister and co-heir of the
said Baron Braye; his Grace the Duke of Bedford, |
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as heir to Dorothy, the fifth sister and
co-heir; and Sir Francis Vincent, Bart., as heir to Francis, |
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the
sixth and youngest sister , and co-heir of the said Lord Braye; and with
respect to Mary, |
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the
fourth sister and co-heir, that she married Sir Robert Peckham, Knight, and
that her |
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descendants,
if any at all, are unknown, a most diligent search, as well as every other
effort to |
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trace
this branch of the family, having been unsuccessful. The probability is that
there was no |
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issue
of her marriage, as her husband, Sir Robert Peckham, of Bellesden, in the
county of Bucks, |
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Knight, by his will, dated the 11th of
September, 1569, and proved on the 17th of the same |
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month,
directed his body to be buried in the Church of St. Gregory, at Rome, and his
heart to be |
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taken
out and placed in lead, and sent to his brother and "universal heir, Sir
George Peckham," |
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whom
he appointed his executor and heir to all his lands and possessions. He
bequeathed all his |
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rings
and jewels to "his dearest Mary Peckham," besides the legacies
given to her by a former |
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will made in England. |
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'The petition was referred by his Majesty to
the Attorney-General, who reported on the 18th of |
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January last that there was strong evidence to
show that the petitioner was the sole heiress of |
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the body of Elizabeth, the second daughter of
the first, and the sister and co-heir of the second |
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and last Baron Braye, but from the obscurity in
which the creation of the Barony was involved, |
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and the length of time the title had been in
abeyance, he felt it his duty to recommend to his |
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Majesty to refer the claim to the House of
Peers, which was accordingly done. |
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'The
only evidence this day gone into was that of the Rev. Mr. Wright, the rector
of the parish |
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of
Middle Clayton, in the county of Bucks, who produced and proved extracts
from, and |
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examined
copies of, the parish register and monumental inscriptions, in order to prove
the |
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descent
and certain links in the pedigree, commencing with Sir Ralph Verney, who died
in |
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September,
1696, and ending with Mary, Baroness of Fermanagh, in Ireland, who died
in |
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November,
1810, unmarried, and was the last of the noble family of Verney. Some of
these |
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extracts were curious. They mention that
information on oath was given of some of the bodies |
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having
been buried and wound up in linen instead of woollen, for which, according to
the act of |
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30
Car. II, certain forfeitures were incurred, and penalties levied and paid to
the poor of the |
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parish.' |
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Eventually, on 27 August 1839, Sarah was found
to be co-heir to the barony of Braye, following |
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which the abeyance was terminated in her favour
by letters patent dated 3 October 1839. |
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Alexander Campbell, brother of the 1st Marquess
of Breadalbane (31 March 1767- |
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24 August 1808) |
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Campbell
was executed in 1808 for killing a fellow army officer in a duel. The killing
of an |
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opponent in a duel was, under English law,
treated as being a murder, although the courts |
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were
often very lenient in applying this interpretation. However, the prohibition
on duelling |
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in the military was generally much more rigidly
observed, and was, accordingly, more severely |
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punished. |
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The following account of his trial appeared in
the "Aberdeen Journal" of 14 August 1808:- |
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'On Thursday, the 4th came on at Armagh Assizes
the trial of Brevet-Major Alexander Campbell, |
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of the 21st regiment of foot, accused of
murder, by shooting Captain Alexander Boyd, of the |
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same regiment, with a pistol bullet. |
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'The circumstances of the quarrel were detailed
in evidence by Mr. Adams, assistant-surgeon |
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of the regiment, who stated that he knew Major
Campbell and Captain Boyd. In June 1807 |
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they were quartered in the barracks in the
county of Armagh, near Newry. On the 23rd of said |
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month, the regiment was inspected by General
Kerr; after the inspection the General and |
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officers messed together; about 8 o'clock all
of the officers left the mess, except Major C., |
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Captain B., witness and Lieut. Hall. A
conversation then commenced by Major C. stating, |
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"General Ker corrected him that day about
a particular mode of giving a word of command, |
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when he conceived he gave it right;" he
mentioned how he gave it, and how the General |
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corrected him. Captain Boyd remarked,
"neither was correct according to Dundas, which is the |
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King's
order." Major C. said it might not be according to the King's order, but
still he conceived |
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it was not incorrect. Captain B. still
insisted, "it was not correct, according to the King's order." |
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They argued for some time, until Captain B.
said, "he knew it as well as any man;" Major C. |
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replied, "he doubted that much."
Capt. Boyd at length said, "he knew it better than him, let him |
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take that as he liked." Major Campbell
then got up and said, "Then, Captain Boyd, do you say |
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that I am wrong?" Capt. B. replied,
"I do - I know I am right according to the King's order." |
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Major C. then quitted the room. Capt B.
remained after him for some time; he left the room |
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before witness or Lieut. Hall. Witness and
Lieut. Hall went out together in a short time after; |
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they went to a second mess room, and there
Captain B. came up and spoke to them. They |
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then went out together, and witness left
Captain B. and Lieut. Deivars. In about 20 minutes |
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after, he was called on to visit Capt. Boyd; he
went and found him sitting on a chair vomiting; |
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he examined his wound, and conceived it a very
dangerous one; he survived it but 18 hours. |
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'John Hoy, the mess waiter to the 21st regt.
Deposed to his having gone in quest of Capt. B. |
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at Major Campbell's desire on the evening of
the duel. He found him on the parade ground, and |
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Capt. B. accompanied him to the mess room; no
one was there, and witness pointed to a little |
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room off it, as the room the gentleman was in;
he then went to the mess kitchen, and in eight |
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or ten minutes he heard the report of a shot;
he thought nothing of it till he heard another; he |
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then went to the mess room, and there saw Capt.
Boyd and Lieutenants Hall and Macpherson; |
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Capt B. was sitting on a chair vomiting; Major
Campbell was gone, but in about 10 or 12 minutes |
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he came to the room where witness was washing
some glasses; Major C. asked for candles; he |
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got a pair and brought them into the small
room; Major C. shewed the witness the corners of |
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the room in which each person stood, which
distance measured seven paces. |
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'John Macpherson was a Lieut. in said regt.
Knew Major Campbell and Capt. Boyd; recollects the |
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day of the duel; on the evening of that day,
going upstairs about 9 o'clock he heard as he |
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thought, Major Campbell say - "On the word
of a dying man is everything fair?" Capt. Boyd |
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replied - "Campbell you have hurried me -
you're a bad man." Witness was in coloured clothes, |
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and Major C. did not know him, but said again
"Boyd, before this stranger and Lieut. Hall, was |
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every thing fair?" Capt. B. replied
"O no. Campbell, you know I wanted you to wait and have |
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friends." Major C. then said "Good
God, will you mention before these gentlemen, was not every |
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thing fair; did not you say you were
ready?" Capt. B. answered "Yes;" but in a moment after |
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said "Campbell, you're a bad man."
Capt. B. was helped into the next room, and Major C. |
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followed, much agitated, and repeatedly said to
Capt. B. that he (Boyd) was the happiest man |
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of the two - "I am (says Major C.) an
unfortunate man, but I hope not a bad one." Major C. |
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asked Capt B. if he forgave him; he stretched
out his hand and said, "I forgive you - I feel for |
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you, and am sure you do for me." Major C.
then left the room. |
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'The
defence set up was merely and exclusively as to the character of the prisoner
for |
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humanity, peaceable conduct, and proper
behaviour; to this several officers of the highest rank |
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were produced. After retiring about half an
hour, the Jury returned a verdict of GUILTY, but |
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recommended him to mercy on the score of
character only. He was sentenced to be executed |
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on Monday, but respited to Wednesday se'ennight.' |
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The following report of his subsequent
execution appeared in 'The Times' of 6 September 1808:- |
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'Our readers are already in possession of the
trial and conviction of this unfortunate Gentleman, |
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and the recommendatory memorials which were
addressed to the Lord Lieutenant in his behalf. |
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On this occasion his Grace [the Duke of
Richmond] declined deciding, but sent the entire |
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documents, with the Judge's notes, to the King,
and on the 16th sent a special messenger to |
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Armagh, with a further respite till the 24th.
Major Campbell passed the painful interval, as may |
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be imagined, in a state of extreme anxiety,
agitated between contending hopes and fears; but |
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receiving all the consolation which
affectionate friendship and commiseration could bestow. |
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'On the 23rd, about four o'clock in the
evening, a second messenger arrived at Armagh, with |
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the fatal tidings that the King's pleasure was
unfavourable; that his Grace could interfere no |
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longer; and that the awful sentence must take
place next day. Early on Wednesday morning |
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another messenger arrived from Dublin Castle,
with an order to remit that part of the sentence |
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with respect to the anatomising and dissecting
his body. |
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'The Sheriff sent a message to fix his own
hour, and he chose between 11 and 12 o'clock in the |
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day. |
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'The Rev. Mr. Ball, the curate of Armagh
church, remained with him the whole of the night; and |
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we are informed, that too much cannot be said
for this gentleman's humane concern for him |
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during his unhappy state. The Major was
attentive to his religious duties, and was well prepared |
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to
meet his fate with the greatest firmness of mind; and the night before his
execution he |
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settled all his money accounts with the jailor,
with the greatest composure. |
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'Shortly before his execution, when the
Sheriff's attendants waited on him to confine his arms, |
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he observed to them, that "it was very
proper; it would prevent him from struggling:" adding, |
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"that he thought he would have died a more
honourable death; but since this was his fate, he |
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would submit himself to the laws." He then
walked firmly up stairs to the execution-room, took |
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off his cravat, put it in his breast, and
opened his neck, stooping his head to the executioner to |
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receive the halter, which he complained was too
thick, and that a smaller one would be more |
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effectual. |
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'He prayed most fervently to Heaven for
himself, and that his poor wife and children might be |
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protected. He then bade farewell to the people
in the room, and with the most becoming fort- |
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itude, he stepped out on the fatal drop, and
saluted the people on every side of him. He spoke |
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a few words in the Erse language to the
soldiers, which was understood to be desiring them to |
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pray
for him. He asked a few moments longer; he was told to make his own time. He
again |
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repeated a fervent prayer for his wife and
family - drew down the cap over his face - clenched |
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his hands firm in each other, and was then
removed from this world to eternity. He struggled a |
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short
time; and, after hanging 35 minutes, was cut down, and his body given to his
friends. |
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They put it into a coffin, which was enclosed
in a deal box, and immediately sent off on a car |
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for Donaghadee. The body is to be interred at
Ayr, in Scotland.' |
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The Breadalbane Peerage Case of 1866 |
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On the death of John Campbell, 2nd Marquess and
5th Earl of Breadalbane in 1862, the |
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Marquessate became extinct. The Earldom,
however, survived and the question of who was |
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the
rightful heir to both this title and the entailed estates was fought out
between two |
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competitors in the Court of Session in Edinburgh. |
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The following report is taken from the
'Hampshire Telegraph and Sussex Chronicle' of 30 June |
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1866:- |
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'Judgment
was given by the Court of Session today [26 June 1866] in the case of
the |
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|
competitors for the Breadalbane succession. The
parties were Lieutenant Charles William |
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Campbell, of the 2nd Bengal Cavalry, pursuer,
and John Alexander Gavin Campbell, defender. |
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The subject of competition was the title of
Earl of Breadalbane and Holland, Viscount of Tay, |
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and Lord Glenurchy, in the peerage of Scotland,
and the entailed estates of Breadalbane and |
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Inverardan, situated in the counties of Perth
and Argyll, and said to be of the annual value |
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of above £50,000. The late Marquis of
Breadalbane, who died in 1862, left no family nor near |
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kindred,
and the succession to the marquisate, being limited to heirs male, lapsed.
The |
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succession
to the Scottish earldom and entailed estates opened to a distant
connection, |
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running back about two centuries. |
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'It was admitted that the right of possession
belonged to the representative of William |
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Campbell, of Glenfalloch, who died in 1791,
leaving seven sons. Of this William the present |
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parties were great-grandsons, the defendant
being descended from the second and the pursuer |
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from
the sixth, the other lines being extinct. |
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'The priority of the defendant was sought to be
superseded on the ground of the illegitimacy of |
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his father. The defendant is the grandson of
James Campbell, second son of William [Campbell] |
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of Glenfalloch, and the same James, in 1781,
quartered in the west of England with his regiment, |
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eloped with Eliza Maria Blanshard, wife of
Christopher Ludlow, grocer, in Chipping Sudbury, with |
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whom to the end of his life he continued to
cohabit. There is some evidence of a marriage |
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ceremony by the Gaelic minister in Edinburgh in
1781, but that was founded on by the pursuer |
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rather than the defender, being, in consequence
of Ludlow's existence, an invalid or bigamous |
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one, not followed by any lawful ceremony
constituting lawful wedlock after Ludlow's death. |
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'From 1793 down to James Campbell's death in
1806, the residence of the pair was almost |
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continuously in Scotland, and there can be no
doubt that Eliza Maria Blanshard was, while there, |
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presented to Campbell's friends, and received
as his wife, including the father of the late |
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Marquis
of Breadalbane. In 1788, they had a son William John, who was brought up by
his |
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parents on the apparent footing of legitimacy.
In 1812, on the demise of his uncle William, this |
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William
John was served as heir to the family estate of Glenfalloch, to which he
would succeed |
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only if legitimate, and his service was
conducted by his cousin Campbell, of Boreland, |
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grandfather of [the] pursuer, who should
himself have succeeded if William John was |
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illegitimate.
In 1852 William John Lamb Campbell died, and was succeeded in the
estate of |
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Glenfalloch by the defender. |
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'It was pleaded on the one hand that the
service to Glenfalloch ruled the present case, and, on |
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the other, that Boreland was then in ignorance
of facts since come to light regarding James |
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Campbell's relations with his wife which have
enabled him to claim that succession. The pleas |
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for the pursuer were that James Campbell's
connection with Eliza Maria Blanshard was at the |
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beginning an adulterous one and to the end an
illicit one; that the passing her off as his wife |
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was
illusory, and that a connection so beginning cannot by mere continuance
constitute a |
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marriage by habit and repute, as the Scotch law
allows in other cases. |
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'The defendant on the other hand contended
that, although previous to 1784, when Ludlow |
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died, the connection was illicit, it became a
matrimonial connection by consent, by |
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cohabitation
and repute; that after 1784 the parties were quite free to enter into an |
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irregular marriage by the Scotch law, and that
in point of fact they did so. Mr. Campbell |
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recognised Blanshard, treated her as his wife,
left her on one occasion a power of attorney |
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to act as his wife, and even inhibited her at
the time, and that William John, if born a |
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bastard, was at least legitimatised per subsequens matrimonium.' |
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The case originally came before Lord Barcaple,
who found in favour of John Campbell, but |
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Charles Campbell appealed his finding. As a
result, the other judges in the Court of Session |
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were called in to consider the matter. After
one of the judges had excused himself due to his |
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relationship
to Charles Campbell, the judges voted 10 to 2 in favour of John Campbell,
who |
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was found to be the rightful Earl of Breadalbane. |
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The recent claim to the Earldom of Breadalbane |
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On the death of the 10th Earl in 1995, the
peerage became dormant. Two claimants have |
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emerged since that time. The first claimant is
a third cousin, once removed from the 10th Earl, |
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and
a member of the branch of the Campbell family that currently live in
Hungary. |
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The
following article on the first claimant appeared in the London 'Telegraph' of
3 |
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October 2000:- |
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'A
Hungarian former taxi driver brought up in a hovel is the heir presumptive to
a Scottish |
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earldom. |
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'Huba Andras Campbell, 55, now a Budapest
businessman, is claiming the earldom of Breadalbane |
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and Holland. The title was declared dormant
after John Romer Boreland Campbell, the 10th earl |
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and 14th baronet, died in a nursing home in
1995. But Robert Noble, a genealogist, discovered |
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Huba Campbell's claim after researching the
Hungarian branch of the Campbells of Breadalbane |
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for eight years. |
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'He
said yesterday: "The family knew of the Scottish connection, but had no
idea that they |
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were now the most senior line." The
Campbells' Hungarian connection dates from the 1870s |
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when
John Breadalbane Campbell, Huba's great-grandfather, was one of many
Scottish |
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engineers
employed to build bridges over the Danube. He married Katherine Gordon,
a |
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descendant of the Marquess of Huntly, in
Budapest in 1873. |
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'Huba Campbell suffered greatly for his noble
ancestry in communist Hungary. In the Fifties his |
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family was sent to the countryside for
're-education.' His parents worked as vegetable-pickers |
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and he was denied a university education
because of his origins. At 17 he became a mechanic |
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and later a taxi driver. Since the fall of
communism he and his brother Nicholas have run a |
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haulage and car import business and now live in
one of Budapest's smartest quarters. |
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'Mr Noble said: "In communist Hungary it
was bad enough to be a member of the nobility, but to |
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be from the British nobility was
unforgivable." The earldom was created in 1681 for Sir John |
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Campbell, the 11th Earl of Glenorchy [sic], to
whom popular myth has attributed the massacre |
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of the MacDonald clan in Glencoe. The last earl
suffered a severe head wound as an officer with |
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the Black Watch in the Second World War. |
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'He subsequently worked as a gardener, on
building sites and as a barman. He was a keen |
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bagpipe
player, whose favourite tune was said to be "The Campbells are
Coming." In 1994 he |
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was taken into a nursing home in Taunton,
Somerset, after the owner found him wandering the |
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streets barefoot, wearing a poncho. George Way,
a Scottish solicitor specialising in peerage |
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law, is preparing Huba Campbell's case for a
ruling by the Lord Lyon King of Arms. |
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'However, the only reward will be the title.
The huge estates have gone. Alastair Campbell of |
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Airds, the author of the history of Clan
Campbell, said: "At one time they were nearly the largest |
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landowners in Scotland and their lands exceeded
those of the clan chief, the Duke of Argyll. As |
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recently as the beginning of the 20th century
they were supposed to be able to ride for 100 |
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miles across Scotland without leaving the
family's lands. |
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'But a series of distantly related heirs and
indifferent management brought about a rapid decline. |
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"They
badly overspent when Queen Victoria came to stay at Taymouth Palace in
Perthshire in |
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the
1840s and the last property, Kilchurn Castle on Loch Awe in Argyllshire, was
sold off some |
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dozen years ago." |
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The second claimant is Sir Lachlan Campbell,
6th baronet, who is descended from a son of the |
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first Earl by his second marriage. However, as
it appears that one of this claimant's ancestors |
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was illegitimate, his ability to succeed is
severely compromised. |
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I have been unable to find to what extent this
claim has progressed, if at all. It may well be that |
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the lack of the necessary funds has caused the
claim to grind to a halt. |
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Francis Henry Egerton, 8th Earl of Bridgwater |
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The following is extracted from "The
Emperor of the United States of America and Other |
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Magnificent British Eccentrics" by
Catherine Caufield (Routledge & Kegan Paul, London 1981) |
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Egerton, the 8th Earl of Bridgewater, spent
most of his life as the Rev. Mr Egerton, but his |
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interests were more academic than spiritual and
his career in the Church owed much to the |
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influence
of his father, the Bishop of Durham. In 1796 he left England for France,
possibly to |
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avoid scandal about one or more illegitimate
children, but also partly for the sake of his health. |
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He quarrelled with his brother, eventually the
7th Earl, and he was disappointed in the legacy |
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left
to him by his uncle, the Duke of Bridgewater, but his pride in his family
name was |
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unqualified. |
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Egerton's succession in 1823 to the Earldom and
£40,000 a year allowed him to indulge his pride |
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and his fancies. Everything that could be
embossed with the Bridgewater arms and crest, |
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including the silver collars worn by his large
assortment of dogs and cats. He styled himself a |
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Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, a claim
difficult to prove or disprove since the Empire, long a |
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meaningless entity, had been formally dissolved
in 1806. |
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The Earl was not much of a socialiser and often
his only companions at dinner were two of his |
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dogs
- usually his favourites, Bijou and Biche. They, like all his other dogs,
were dressed in the |
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height of Parisian fashion right down to their
handmade boots. Linen napkins around their necks |
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protected
their clothes and a footman behind each chair made sure their wants were
attended |
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to. Of course the dogs were expected to display
good manners, which is more than can be |
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said of the Earl, who was something of a slob
at table. Any of the 'guests' who failed to live up |
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to the honour of dining with their master were
condemned to the humiliation of wearing the |
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yellow servants' livery and eating in the
servants' hall for a week. |
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His carriage, emblazoned with the Bridgewater
crest, pulled by four horses, and attended by |
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liveried footmen, was often seen driving
through Paris with half a dozen dogs reclining on silk |
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cushions on their way to the Bois de Boulogne
for a walk. If it rained a servant was on hand |
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especially to shield them with an umbrella.
Sometimes Egerton sent his carriage, fully |
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attended, merely to convey a borrowed book back
to a neighbour in proper Bridgewater style. |
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The Earl was a bit of a dandy. He suffered from
a tremendous underbite and a very upturned |
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chin, so his clothes had to be remarkable to
distract attention from his physiognomy. The |
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same bootmaker who shod Egerton's pets had a
standing order for a new pair of boots for the |
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Earl himself. He wore each pair once only and
employed a valet to keep the cast-offs |
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arranged in the order in which they had been
worn. That way a glance at any pair told him |
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when, where and, as they were left uncleaned,
in what weather he had worn them; his boots |
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served him as a sort of diary. |
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Although
he lived in France for over 30 years, Egerton never mastered French, which
meant he |
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had to converse with his scholarly friends in
Latin. Even that was preferable to his later habit |
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of ordering his secretary to entertain them by
reading extracts from his long and ever changing |
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will. |
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On the rare occasions when Egerton had friends
to dine, they could reasonably expect a good |
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meal since he employed, at no mean expense, the
great chef, Viard. Egerton's favourite menu, |
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however, was boiled beef and potatoes which he
presented to his less than thrilled guests as a |
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great English delicacy. |
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He missed English hunting and shooting even
more than English boiled beef. With a few select |
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friends, mounted on spirited horses, and
dressed in pink coats, and with an imported fox, |
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proper hounds, and a professional huntsman to
sound the horn, Bridgewater gave miniature |
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hunts in his Paris gardens. He also kept 300
each of rabbits, pigeons and partridges so that |
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he could totter out into the grounds on the arm
of a servant and bag his dinner. |
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His whims, which he always indulged, were often
on a grand scale. Having once decided to |
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remove for a season to the country, Egerton
oversaw the ordeal of packing which went on for |
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months. On the great day, the party set off in
sixteen luggage-laden carriages led by one |
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containing himself and his pets. Along with
this came thirty servants on horseback. Only a few |
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hours after this procession had left the Earl's
house, neighbours saw it wearily returning. The |
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change of plans had been occasioned by a
substandard lunch which awakened the Earl to the |
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hazards of travel. |
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In his will, Egerton left most of his estate to
academic or charitable concerns and he directed |
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that his house should be run for two months
after his death as if he were still alive. Each |
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servant received a mourning suit, a cocked hat
and three pairs of worsted stockings. The dogs |
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and cats were not mentioned. |
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Egerton is buried at Little Gaddesden Church in
Hertfordshire. A monument designed to his |
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instructions depicts a woman with a dolphin at
her feet, a stork behind her and an elephant |
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at her side. |
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The Earls and Marquesses of Bristol |
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Frederick Hervey, 4th Earl of Bristol - Frederick was better known as the Earl-Bishop of |
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Derry.
In an incident in Siena, Italy, he was forced to run for his life after he
had seized a |
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tureen of pasta and dropped it out of a window
onto a Corpus Christi procession. He was later |
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imprisoned
in a castle in Milan, upon which the British Ambassador in Naples reported
that |
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"his lordship's freedom in conversation,
particularly after dinner, is such as to make him liable |
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to
accidents of this nature." After his release from prison, a young Irish
girl spotted the |
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Bishop out on the town. "He was sitting in
his carriage", she wrote, "between two Italian |
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women, dressed in a white bed-gown and
night-cap like a witch and giving himself the airs |
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of an Adonis." After he died in Italy, the
crew of the ship hired to return his body to England |
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refused to allow the corpse on board. He had to
be smuggled back to England in a packing |
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case labelled as an antique statue. |
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His daughter, Lady
Elizabeth Foster (1759-1824) combined charm and
a formidable sex drive, |
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the latter embracing bisexual tastes. As a
young widow, Lady Elizabeth's relationship with the |
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5th Duke of Devonshire and his gambling-mad
wife, Georgiana, evolved into a notorious |
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menage-a-trois. Elizabeth's
perseverance was rewarded and, after bearing two illegitimate |
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children by the duke, she became his second
wife in 1809. |
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Lord John William Nicholas Hervey (1841-1902) -
in December 1865, Lord John, together |
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with the Hon. Henry Strutt and Mr. Coore were
cruising around Greece when they encountered |
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an
unlooked-for adventure. According to the Athens correspondent of 'The Times.'
…….'On the |
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4th inst. [i.e. 4 December 1865], these
gentlemen left Ithaca for a week's shooting in Acarnania. |
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Dragomans, guides, and Ionians all assured them
that there was no danger. On reaching |
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Acarnania they touched at Askatos to exhibit
the papers of the yacht and take on board a few |
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beaters selected by their guide, Photé. I
believe they did not find so much game as they |
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expected, killing only a single deer on
Thursday. On Friday they changed their position, going up |
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the gulf of Dragomestre and nearer Askatos, in
order the beat the woods at a place called |
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Maratha, and in the afternoon of the 8th inst.
suddenly found themselves as completely at the |
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mercy of Spiro Deli as the five officers who
went out to capture Kitzos were at his mercy when |
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he
murdered the priest of Marathon before their eyes on the 23rd of
October. |
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'One of the sailors of the yacht called out
that they had fallen among brigands, and on Lord |
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John, Strutt, and Coore looking around each saw
a gun pointed at him within 40 yards, while he |
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who
held the gun contrived to conceal everything but a very small angle of his
person. They |
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could see four enemies in ambush, and while
they paused to consider the means of escape, their |
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interpreter,
whom the brigands had already secured, called out to them not to fire, as
the |
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robbers were many, and on turning to gain the
shore where their boat was waiting by some open |
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ground they encountered five more guns pointed
at them, the owners of which contrived with |
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admirable ingenuity to conceal their persons.
In the meantime, their guide, Photé, disappeared |
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with the beaters. They stood still, and the
chief of the brigands came forward and politely |
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requested them to make him a present of their
rifles and revolvers, which, as nine muzzles were |
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still pointed at them, they did with as much
good will as they could command. They were now |
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prisoners, and the brigands had a council to
settle the manner in which their capture might be |
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turned to the best
account. |
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'In order to lose as little time as possible a
party was sent off to plunder the yacht, but returned |
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extremely dissatisfied with the small sum found
in gold. This induced the brigands to declare that |
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they would carry all three to the mountains,
but Mr. Strutt said that if they would allow him to |
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go on board he would give them 20 napoleons,
which they had not found. This put them in a |
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better humour, and on receiving the 20
napoleons they agreed to keep only one hostage and the |
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interpreter,
and to allow the other two to go to Patras for the ransom. Lots were cast,
and Mr. |
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Coore
had the misfortune to remain in the hands of the brigands for a week. Lord
John Hervey |
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and
Mr. Strutt are said to have received each a bank-note for 100 drachmas to pay
their |
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passage to Patras, and they were the bearers of
a letter to Mr. Wood, the managing partner |
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of the house of Barff and Co., of which this is
a translation:- |
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"Mr. Wood - you must send us 3,000 lirais sterlinais [i.e.
£3,000] to ransom the Englishman |
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within eight days, and take care that we are not molested in the
meantime, or we shall |
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kill the men we have. |
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"The Company in the Forest." |
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Lord John Hervey and Mr. Strutt were so
fortunate as to get on board the Greek steamer and |
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they reached Patras on Sunday evening. They
immediately presented their letter from "The |
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Company
in the Forest," but Messrs. Barff and Co. had not £3,000 in gold in
hand. They |
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therefore applied for what they wanted to the branch of the
Greek National Bank, which at |
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other seasons of the year has often from £8,000
to £10,000 of the money of Messrs. Barff |
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and Co. in its hands for months. But the
manager would give no gold, even to deliver English- |
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men, without an order from Athens. A telegram
was sent off to the governor of the National |
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Bank, who on receiving it went to bed, and
immediately afterwards to the British Minister, Mr. |
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Erskine, who on receiving his, about midnight,
immediately went and roused the governor of |
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the National Bank from his bed. But the
persuasion of Mr. Erskine, who offered his own private |
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guarantee as well as the security of Her
Majesty's Minister in Greece, was unavailing to procure |
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an order for the advance of any gold until a
council of direction approved sacrificing gold for |
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men's lives. |
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'Next morning, however, a telegram was sent off
in these terms:- |
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"Give the money to Mr. Wood on receiving bills signed by Lord
John Hervey and the Hon. |
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Henry Strutt,
but at an advantageous price." |
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But only £2,400 was collected in gold, and Lord
John and Mr. Strutt sailed on Monday, at 3 p.m., |
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with that amount in gold and the rest in Greek
bank-notes. The brigands declined receiving |
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Greek bank-notes. In order to prevent any loss
of time, the captain of the Chanticleer went over |
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to
Ithaca, and obtained the gold from the bank branch there on paying a premium
of six per |
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cent. This gold was in Venetian sequins, which
the brigands, after cutting in two and bending |
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the others in true seraff style to verify the
purity of the coin, condescended to receive, and Mr. |
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Coore was released. Mr. Coore appears to have
passed rather a hard time with the brigands. He |
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slept in caverns and under trees, but he was
rarely allowed to enjoy uninterrupted rest, for the |
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band usually changed its position in the middle
of the night. On one occasion the brigands came |
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suddenly within a few hundred yards of a
detachment of gendarmes, and the chief informed Mr. |
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Coore that he would shoot him rather than allow
him to escape. Fortunately for Mr. Coore the |
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brigands were not pursued.' |
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For a similar story of Englishmen being
captured by Greek brigands, see under "Muncaster." |
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Victor Frederick Cochrane Hervey, 6th Marquess
of Bristol - he was known as 'Victor |
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Hervey,
Mayfair Playboy No. 1' in society columns written by himself. On one occasion
he drove |
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his
car into a taxi rank to discover whether cars buckled like a concertina - he
was able to |
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report that they did. He later tried to relieve
his financial situation by becoming a gun runner in |
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the Spanish Civil War, but failed through
incompetence. Soon after this disappointment, he |
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received a three-year prison sentence on two
counts of robbery. Asked why he needed the |
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money, he explained that he was waiting for an
unpaid commission of £83,000 on an arms |
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sale to China. |
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Frederick William John Augustus Hervey, 7th
Marquess of Bristol - the family decadence |
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reached its height (or should that be depth?)
with the drug-addicted 7th Marquess. Before |
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the death of his father, with whom he was on
poor terms, Bristol lived as a tax exile in France |
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on the proceeds of a £4 million family trust.
On one occasion, when driving through Paris, he |
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was shot at by a Frenchman. Happily, he was in
his six-door, armour-plated Mercedes that had |
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been built for Pope John Paul II. |
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Though slightly built, Bristol never lacked
courage, and he took the incident in good part. When |
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his
father died in 1985, he moved into one wing of the ancestral home in
Ickworth, Suffolk, |
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thereafter
coping with life with copious amounts of heroin. A favourite source of
amusement |
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was to organise midnight rabbit shoots for his
inebriated young guests, firing from limousines; |
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another was to shoot holes in a rubber dinghy
in which a guest was fishing on the lake. A less |
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pleasant idiosyncrasy was to feed his wolfhound
on a diet of cats culled from the estate. In all, |
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47 cats were thought to have been eaten by the
massive 12-stone dog. |
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Bristol was married briefly to Francesca, the
daughter of a property tycoon, but he preferred |
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the company of young men who were delivered in
the middle of the night like pizzas. A |
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helicopter, parked on the lawn, was used for
this purpose, as well as for the ferrying in of |
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drugs.
Targeted by the police, he was arrested several times for dealing in heroin
and cocaine, |
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and he spent a year in prison. There is no
reason to suppose that this experience provided any |
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sort of cure, and he continued to throw parties
until his death at the age of 44. The cause of |
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death was 'multi-organ failure attributable to
chronic drug abuse'. By then, the 7th Marquess's |
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friends had helped him to dissipate a fortune
of £16 million. |
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Henry Peter Brougham, 1st Baron Brougham and
Vaux |
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The following biography of Lord Brougham and
Vaux appeared in the February 1965 issue of |
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the Australian monthly magazine
"Parade." It should be noted
that "Brougham and Vaux" should |
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be pronounced as "Broom and Vokes." |
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'Although Lord Henry Brougham was recognised as
a brilliant and versatile public figure, he was |
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also notorious for eccentricities and a lack of
balance which made many people doubt his mental |
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stability. When Lord Melbourne was forming a
new government and refused to have Brougham in |
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his Cabinet, he pathetically asked the Prime
Minister: "Why do you refuse me office? I am not |
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mad am I? You don't think I'm mad, do
you?" Mad or not, Lord Brougham was a legend in his own |
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lifetime as a passionate reformer and fighter
against injustice and oppression. |
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'Henry Peter Brougham was born at Edinburgh in
1778. His father was a small landowner and the |
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boy grew up in an atmosphere of genteel
poverty, although there was enough money for him to |
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attend Edinburgh University. All his life he
was to dazzle his contemporaries with the force of |
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his intellect. He matriculated at 13 and before
he was 20 had published three scientific papers |
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which
later [1803] earned him election to the Royal Society. After taking an arts
degree he |
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studied law and was called to the bar in 1800,
but his brilliance did not appeal to the Scottish |
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legal world and briefs were few. |
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'To
live he contributed articles to the newly founded Edinburgh Review. No fewer
than 80 |
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articles in the first 20 issues came from his
pen, on subjects ranging from vegetarianism to Latin |
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synonyms.
He had opinions about everything and did not keep them to himself. After he
had |
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been host to Brougham for a weekend the editor
of the Edinburgh Review remarked: "This |
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morning Solon, Lycurgus, Demosthenes,
Archimedes, Sir Isaac Newton, Lord Chesterfield and |
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a great many more departed from my house in one
carriage." In 1803 he published a learned |
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work on colonial policy. The first of more than
40 books he produced, it was widely acclaimed |
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and its attack on the slave trade caused the
famous humanitarian William Wilberforce to invite |
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the author to London. |
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'So
Brougham went south and settled down in Lincoln's Inn to study for the
English bar. |
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Meanwhile he wrote political pamphlets for
Wilberforce's Tory party and made a dangerous |
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expedition to Holland to try to persuade the
Dutch authorities to ban the slave trade. He duly |
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qualified for the English bar and worked hard
on behalf of the Tories during the 1807 elections. |
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But
he had political ambitions himself and when the Tories failed to find him a
seat in the |
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Commons he had no compunction in switching his
services to the Whig opposition. |
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'The Whigs used his prolific pen in all the
dirty work of political journalism. In 1810 they allowed |
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him to enter Parliament as member for the Duke
of Bedford's pocket borough of Camelford. In |
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the Commons, Brougham was the best orator the
Whigs had. Such was his energy and ambition |
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that he often made 150 speeches in a single
session of Parliament. His enemies said he was a |
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political opportunist only interested in
publicising himself. They said he had "every talent except |
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discretion." To get rid of him, in 1812
they quietly arranged for the Duke of Bedford to sell the |
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pocket borough, thus leaving their problem
member without a Commons seat. |
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'Brougham remained out of Parliament for four
years but his name was still on every tongue. As |
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a lawyer he successfully defended the radical
writer Leigh Hunt on a charge of sedition brought |
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by the Tory Government. With an eye to his
political future he then snapped up the post of |
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legal adviser to the Princess of Wales, later
the unfortunate Queen Caroline, who had for years |
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been estranged from her husband, the future
George IV. Brougham's astute manipulation of the |
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Princess
of Wales as a weapon of intrigue behind the scenes forced the Whigs to find
him |
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another Commons seat in 1816 [July 1815]. |
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'By
that time the Princess of Wales, having been excluded from Court and insulted
by her |
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husband, had retired to live on the Continent.
After roaming from place to place she finally |
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settled
in a villa on Lake Como. On her staff, as a kind of butler, was an Italian
adventurer |
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named [Bartolomeo] Pergami. Soon ugly rumours
had developed of an affair between the |
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princess and Pergami. Seeing his chance for a
divorce, her husband sent spies to Italy in 1819 |
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to obtain evidence. |
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'By the time the spies returned to England
George III had died, and as the new king, George IV |
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was determined to get rid of his wife by any
means. He quickly brought suit in the House of |
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Lords to annul the marriage. Now Queen
Caroline, his wife hastened back to England to defend |
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the suit. Her counsel was Henry Brougham. Most
people believed that the dissolute George IV |
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was trying to frame and persecute the queen. |
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'The trial opened on August 17, 1820, before
the Lords. Henry Brougham, with brilliant cross- |
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examination, demolished the evidence of a crowd
of shady witnesses who had been brought |
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from the Continent. Brougham's final speech
took two days and all through it he fortified |
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himself
with mulled port. When he concluded he fell to his knees drunk. Yet he
successfully |
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hid
his condition by pretending to be saying a prayer for "this cruelly
ill-used woman whose |
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only crime was that she was foolish." The
case against Queen Caroline collapsed and Henry |
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Brougham was a public idol. He set to work to
use his popularity for political advancement. |
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'For the next 10 years he was in the Commons as
a member of the Whig opposition. But from |
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that
seemingly powerless position he pushed through a whole mass of reforms.
William |
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Wilberforce had been responsible for putting
the abolition of the slave trade on the statute |
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book. But it was Brougham with his legal
knowledge who forced through the punitive legislation |
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which in practice eliminated it. He also
virtually invented state education by persuading the |
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government to devote funds to it and pass the
Public Education Act. The network of mechanics' |
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institutes which spread all over England and
provided the first system of adult education was |
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another product of his fertile mind. London
University was founded by Brougham in 1828 [1836]. |
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He also started the Society for the Diffusion
of Useful Knowledge, which published hundreds of |
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of cheap textbooks for the working classes. |
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'On February 7, 1828, he addressed the House of
Commons for six hours and three minutes on |
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the abuses and anomalies in English law. When
it was printed the speech took up 168 pages. |
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Mindful of his experience with mulled port in
the Queen Caroline trial, Brougham consumed only |
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oranges to refresh himself as he spoke. During
his speech he outlined virtually every law reform |
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which was carried out in England in the next
100 years. |
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'Parliamentary reform to give more equitable
representation to the people was another cause |
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into which Brougham threw himself. He attacked
the system of rotten boroughs in which small, |
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ancient villages with only a handful of
inhabitants sent members to the Commons while great |
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centres of population like Manchester had no
representation. In the election of 1830 he |
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abandoned the borough seat he held and instead
stood for the huge, popular constituency of |
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Yorkshire, which had to be won on merit. He won
hands down. |
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'The Whig Party, under Lord Grey, fought the
whole election on the promise of parliamentary |
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reform
triumphed after 23 years in opposition. As a result William IV had to ask
Lord Grey to |
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form a government. And in that government Henry
Brougham (after being elevated to the Lords |
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as Lord Brougham and Vaux) served as Lord
Chancellor. He immediately set to work to use his |
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new
power. After being sworn in at noon, he had a bill on the table only six
hours later, |
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abolishing abuses of the Chancery Court. He
revolutionised the criminal law by ensuring the |
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defence equal rights with the prosecution. He
also set up the Judicial Committee of the Privy |
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Council. |
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'In 1832 Lord Grey brought in the promised
Reform Bill which abolished the rotten boroughs and |
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gave the vote to every male holding a house
with a rental value of £10 a year. Grey has gone |
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down in history as the father of this historic
Reform Bill. But it was Brougham who, when the |
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House of Lords refused to pass it, bulldozed it
through by bullying William IV until he threatened |
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to
create 500 new peers and so get it passed. |
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'For all that, the power of Brougham began to
decline with his taking of office. His eccentricities, |
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which had advertised him as a private member,
did not befit the dignity of a Lord Chancellor. He |
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insisted
on wearing strange-looking plaid trousers. On a tour of Scotland he became
roaring |
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drunk one night and, still intoxicated the next
day, allowed himself to be carried to the race- |
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course in his wig and gown. |
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'When the Grey ministry fell in 1834 Lord
Melbourne formed a government - but he adamantly |
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refused to find a place in it for Brougham. But
Brougham has one more accomplishment to his |
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name. Travelling in France in 1834 he fell in
love with a little Mediterranean fishing village called |
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Cannes. He made a home there and built a
magnificent villa. For the rest of his life he kept |
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publicising Cannes and almost single-handed
turned it into the famous resort it is today. Lord |
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Brougham died at Cannes in 1868, aged 89.
Today, almost forgotten in his own country, he is |
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honoured there with a fine park called the
Square Brougham. His home, the Chateau Elenore- |
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Louise, which is named after his daughter,
still stands in Cannes and is now an exclusive hotel.' |
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Although
not mentioned in the article above, he designed the four-wheeled, horse
drawn |
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carriage which is named after him. |
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The special remainder to the Barony of Brougham
and Vaux created in 1860 |
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From the "London Gazette" of 16 March
1860 (issue 22367, page 1099):- |
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"The Queen has been pleased to direct
letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, |
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granting the dignity of a Baron of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland unto Henry, |
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Baron Brougham and Vaux, and the heirs male of
his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style, |
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and title of Baron Brougham and Vaux, of
Brougham, in the county of Westmorland, and of |
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Highhead Castle, in the county of Cumberland,
with remainder, in default of such heirs male, to |
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his brother, William Brougham, Esq., and the
heirs male of his body lawfully begotten." |
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Copyright © 2020 Maltagenealogy.com |
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