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PEERAGE |
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Last updated 09/11/2023 |
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Date |
Rank |
Order |
Name |
Born |
Died |
Age |
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CAREW |
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4 May 1605 |
B |
1 |
Sir George Carew |
29 May 1555 |
27 Mar 1629 |
73 |
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Created Baron Carew 4 May 1605 |
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He was subsequently created Earl of |
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Totness (qv) in 1626 |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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13 Jun 1834 |
B[I] |
1 |
Robert Shapland Carew |
9 Mar 1787 |
4 Jun 1856 |
69 |
9 Jul 1838 |
B |
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Created Baron Carew [I] 13 Jun 1834 |
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and Baron Carew 9 Jul 1838 |
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MP
for Wexford 1812-1830 and 1831-1834. Lord |
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Lieutenant Wexford
1831-1856 KP 1851 |
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4 Jun 1856 |
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2 |
Robert Shapland Carew |
23 Jan 1818 |
8 Sep 1881 |
63 |
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MP for Wexford 1840-1847. Lord Lieutenant |
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Wexford 1856-1881
KP 1872 |
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8 Sep 1881 |
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3 |
Robert Shapland George Julian Carew |
15 Jun 1860 |
29 Apr 1923 |
62 |
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29 Apr 1923 |
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4 |
George Patrick John Carew |
1 Feb 1863 |
21 Apr 1926 |
63 |
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21 Apr 1926 |
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5 |
Gerald Shapland Carew |
26 Apr 1860 |
3 Oct 1927 |
67 |
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3 Oct 1927 |
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6 |
William Francis Conolly-Carew |
23 Apr 1905 |
27 Jun 1994 |
89 |
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27 Jun 1994 |
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7 |
Patrick Thomas Conolly-Carew |
6 Mar 1938 |
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CAREY OF CLIFTON |
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1 Nov 2002 |
B[L] |
1 |
George Leonard Carey |
13 Nov 1935 |
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Created Baron Carey of Clifton for life |
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1 Nov 2002 |
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Archbishop of Canterbury 1991-2002 PC 1991 |
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CAREY OF LEPPINGTON |
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6 Feb 1622 |
B |
1 |
Sir Robert Carey |
1560 |
12 Apr 1639 |
78 |
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Created Baron Carey of Leppington |
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6 Feb 1622 |
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He was subsequently created Earl of |
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Monmouth (qv) in 1626 |
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CARHAMPTON |
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23 Jun 1785 |
E[I] |
1 |
Simon Luttrell |
1713 |
14 Jan 1787 |
73 |
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Created Baron Irnham 13 Oct 1768, |
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Viscount Carhampton 9 Jan 1781 and |
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and Earl of Carhampton 23 Jun 1785 |
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MP for Mitchell 1755-1761,Wigan 1761-1768, |
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Weobly 1768-1774 and Stockbridge 1774-1780 |
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14 Jan 1787 |
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2 |
Henry Lawes Luttrell |
7 Aug 1743 |
25 Apr 1821 |
77 |
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MP for Bossiney 1768-1769 and 1774-1784, |
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Middlesex 1769-1774, Plympton Erle 1790-1794 |
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and Ludgershall 1817-1821. PC [I] 1786 |
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25 Apr 1821 |
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3 |
John Luttrell-Olmius |
1741 |
19 Mar 1829 |
87 |
to |
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MP for Stockbridge 1774-1775 and 1780-1785 |
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19 Mar 1829 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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CARINGTON OF UPTON |
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17 Nov 1999 |
B[L] |
1 |
Peter Alexander Rupert Carington,6th Baron |
6 Jun 1919 |
9 Jul 2018 |
99 |
to |
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Carrington |
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9 Jul 2018 |
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Created Baron Carington of Upton for life |
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17 Nov 1999 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARISBROOKE |
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18 Jul 1917 |
M |
1 |
Alexander Albert Mountbatten |
23 Nov 1886 |
23 Feb 1960 |
73 |
to |
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Created Viscount Launceston,Earl of |
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23 Feb 1960 |
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Berkhamsted and
Marquess of |
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Carisbrooke 18 Jul 1917 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARLEILL |
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20 Aug 1620 |
B[S] |
1 |
Robert Maxwell |
after 1586 |
May 1646 |
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Created Lord
Maxwell,Eskdale and |
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Carleill and Earl
of Nithsdale |
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20 Aug 1620 |
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See "Nithsdale" |
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CARLETON |
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22 May 1626 |
B |
1 |
Sir Dudley Carleton |
10 Mar 1574 |
15 Feb 1632 |
57 |
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Created Baron Carleton 22 May 1626 |
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and Viscount Dorchester 25 Jul 1628 |
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See "Dorchester" |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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19 Oct 1714 |
B |
1 |
Henry Boyle |
12 Jul 1669 |
31 Mar 1725 |
55 |
to |
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Created Baron Carleton 19 Oct 1714 |
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14 Mar 1725 |
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MP for
Tamworth 1689-1690,Cambridge |
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University 1692-1705 and Westminster 1705- |
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1710. Chancellor of the Exchequer 1701-1708 |
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Secretary of State 1708-1710. Lord President |
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of the Council 1721-1725.
PC 1701 PC [I] |
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1704 Lord
Lieutenant Yorkshire West Riding |
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1704-1715 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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6 Aug 1786 |
B |
1 |
Richard Boyle,2nd Earl of Shannon |
30 Jan 1728 |
20 May 1807 |
79 |
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Created Baron Carleton 6 Aug 1786 |
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See "Shannon" |
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CARLETON OF CLARE |
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21 Nov 1797 |
V[I] |
1 |
Hugh Carleton |
11 Sep 1739 |
25 Feb 1826 |
86 |
to |
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Created Baron Carleton of Amner |
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25 Feb 1826 |
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17 Sep 1789 and Viscount Carleton of |
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Clare 21 Nov 1797 |
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Solicitor General [I] 1779. Lord Chief |
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Justice of the Common Pleas [I] 1787-1800 |
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PC [I] 1787 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARLILE OF BERRIEW |
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27 Jul 1999 |
B[L] |
1 |
Alexander Charles Carlile |
12 Feb 1948 |
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Created Baron Carlile of Berriew for life |
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27 Jul 1999 |
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MP for Montgomeryshire 1983-1997 |
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CARLINGFORD |
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26 Mar 1627 |
V[I] |
1 |
Barnham Swift |
17 Dec 1606 |
28 Jan 1634 |
27 |
to |
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Created Viscount
Carlingford |
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28 Jan 1634 |
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26 Mar 1627 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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For information on the Carlingford "Peerage"
case |
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of 1905, see the note at the foot of this page |
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26 Jun 1661 |
E[I] |
1 |
Theobald Taaffe,2nd Viscount Taaffe |
c 1603 |
31 Dec 1677 |
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Created Earl of
Carlingford |
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26 Jun 1661 |
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31 Dec 1677 |
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2 |
Nicholas Taaffe |
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2 Jul 1689 |
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2 Jul 1689 |
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3 |
Francis Taaffe |
1639 |
Aug 1704 |
65 |
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Aug 1704 |
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4 |
Theobald Taaffe |
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24 Nov 1738 |
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to |
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Earldom extinct on his death |
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24 Nov 1738 |
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1 May 1761 |
V[I] |
1 |
George Carpenter,3rd Baron Carpenter |
26 Aug 1723 |
9 Mar 1762 |
38 |
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Created Viscount Carlingford and |
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Earl of Tyrconnel 1 May 1761 |
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See "Tyrconnel" |
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28 Feb 1874 |
B |
1 |
Chichester Samuel Parkinson-Fortescue |
18 Jan 1823 |
30 Jan 1898 |
75 |
to |
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Created Baron Carlingford 28 Feb 1874 |
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30 Jan 1898 |
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He
subsequently succeeded as 2nd Baron |
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Clermont (qv) in 1887 |
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MP for Louth 1847-1874. President of the |
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Board of Trade 1871-1874. Lord Privy Seal |
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1881-1885. Lord
President of the Council |
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1883-1885. Lord Lieutenant Essex 1873-1892 |
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PC 1864 PC [I]
1866 KP 1882 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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CARLISLE |
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25 Mar 1322 |
E |
1 |
Sir Andrew de Hartcla |
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3 Mar 1323 |
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to |
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Summoned to
Parliament as Lord |
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3 Mar 1323 |
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de Hartcla 15 May 1321 and further |
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created Earl of Carlisle 25 Mar 1322 |
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He was executed and the peerage forfeited |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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13 Sep 1622 |
E |
1 |
James Hay,1st Viscount Doncaster |
c 1580 |
25 Apr 1636 |
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Created Earl of Carlisle 13 Sep 1622 |
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KG 1624 |
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25 Apr 1636 |
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2 |
James Hay |
c 1612 |
30 Oct 1660 |
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to |
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He subsequently succeeded as 2nd Lord Denny de |
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30 Oct 1660 |
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Waltham in 1637. Peerages extinct on his death |
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20 Apr 1661 |
E |
1 |
Charles Howard |
1629 |
24 Feb 1685 |
55 |
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Created Baron Dacre of Gillesland, |
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Viscount Howard of Morpeth and Earl |
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of Carlisle 20 Apr 1661 |
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MP for Westmorland 1653 and Cumberland |
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1654-1660. Lord Lieutenant Westmorland |
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and Cumberland 1660-1685 and Durham 1672. |
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Governor of Jamaica 1677 |
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24 Feb 1685 |
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2 |
Edward Howard |
1646 |
23 Apr 1692 |
45 |
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MP for Morpeth 1666-1679, Cumberland |
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1679-1681 and Carlisle 1681-1685. Lord |
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Lieutenant Cumberland 1689-1692 |
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23 Apr 1692 |
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3 |
Charles Howard |
1669 |
1 May 1738 |
68 |
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MP for Morpeth 1689-1692. Lord |
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Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland |
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1694-1738. First Lord of the |
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Treasury 1701-1702 and 1715. PC 1701 |
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1 May 1738 |
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4 |
Henry Howard |
14 Aug 1694 |
3 Sep 1758 |
64 |
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MP for Morpeth 1715-1738. KG 1756 |
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3 Sep 1758 |
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5 |
Frederick Howard |
28 May 1748 |
4 Sep 1825 |
77 |
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President of the Board of Trade 1779. |
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Lord Lieutenant E Riding Yorkshire 1780- |
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1782 and
1799-1807. Lord Lieutenant of |
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Ireland
1780-1782. Lord Privy Seal 1783. |
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KT 1767 PC 1777 KG 1793 |
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4 Feb 1825 |
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6 |
George Howard |
17 Sep 1773 |
7 Oct 1848 |
75 |
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MP for Morpeth 1795-1806 and Cumberland |
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1806-1820.
Lord Lieutenant E Riding |
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Yorkshire 1824-1840. Lord Privy Seal 1827- |
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1828 and 1834. PC 1806
KG 1837 |
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7 Oct 1848 |
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7 |
George William Frederick Howard |
18 Apr 1802 |
5 Dec 1864 |
62 |
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MP for Morpeth 1826-1830, Yorkshire 1830- |
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1832 and Yorkshire West Riding 1832-1841 |
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and 1846-1848. Chief Secretary for Ireland |
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1835-1841.
Chief Commissioner of Woods |
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and Forests 1846-1850. Chancellor of the |
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Duchy of Lancaster 1850-1852. Lord |
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Lieutenant E Riding Yorkshire 1847-1864. |
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Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1855-1858 and |
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1859-1864. PC 1835
PC [I] 1835. KG 1855 |
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5 Dec 1864 |
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8 |
William George Howard |
23 Feb 1808 |
29 Apr 1889 |
81 |
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29 Apr 1889 |
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9 |
George James Howard |
12 Aug 1843 |
16 Apr 1911 |
67 |
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MP for Cumberland East 1879-1885 |
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16 Apr 1911 |
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10 |
Charles James Stanley Howard |
8 Mar 1867 |
20 Jan 1912 |
44 |
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MP for Birmingham South 1904-1911 |
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20 Jan 1912 |
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11 |
George Josslyn L'Estrange Howard |
6 Jan 1895 |
17 Feb 1963 |
68 |
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17 Feb 1963 |
|
12 |
Charles James Ruthven Howard |
21 Feb 1923 |
28 Nov 1994 |
71 |
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He succeeded as 12th Lord Ruthven (qv) in 1982 |
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28 Nov 1994 |
|
13 |
George William Beaumont Howard |
15 Feb 1949 |
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CARLISLE OF BUCKLOW |
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2 Nov 1987 |
B[L] |
1 |
Mark Carlisle |
7 Jul 1929 |
14 Jul 2005 |
76 |
to |
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Created Baron Carlisle of Bucklow for life |
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14 Jul 2005 |
|
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2 Nov 1987 |
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MP for Runcorn 1964-1983 and Warrington |
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South 1983-1987. Minister of State, Home |
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Office 1972-1974. Secretary of State for |
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Education and Science 1979-1981. PC 1979 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARLOW |
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24 Jul 1776 |
V[I] |
1 |
William Henry Dawson |
by Nov 1712 |
22 Aug 1779 |
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Created Baron Dawson 29 May 1770 |
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and Viscount Carlow 24 Jul 1776 |
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22 Aug 1779 |
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2 |
John Dawson |
23 Aug 1744 |
25 Nov 1798 |
54 |
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He was created Earl of Portarlington 1785 |
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(qv)
with which title this peerage then |
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merged |
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CARLTON |
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15 Jan 1876 |
V |
1 |
Edward Montagu Stuart Granville Montagu- |
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Stuart-Wortley-Mackenzie,3rd
Baron |
15 Dec 1827 |
13 May 1899 |
71 |
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Wharncliffe |
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Created Viscount Carlton and Earl of |
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Wharncliffe 15 Jan 1876 |
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See "Wharncliffe" |
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CARLYLE |
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c 1473 |
B[S] |
1 |
Sir John Carlyle |
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1501 |
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Created Lord Carlyle c 1473 |
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1501 |
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2 |
William Carlyle |
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1524 |
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1524 |
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3 |
James Carlyle |
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1526 |
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1526 |
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4 |
Michael Carlyle |
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Jun 1575 |
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Jun 1575 |
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5 |
Elizabeth Douglas |
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c 1605 |
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c 1605 |
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6 |
James Douglas |
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to |
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He resigned the peerage to the Earl of |
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1638 |
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Queensberry in 1638 |
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CARMARTHEN |
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9 Apr 1689 |
M |
1 |
Thomas Osborne,1st Earl of Danby |
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Created Marquess of Carmarthen |
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9 Apr 1689 |
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He was subsequently created Duke of |
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Leeds (qv) in 1694 |
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CARMICHAEL |
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27 Dec 1647 |
B[S] |
1 |
Sir James Carmichael,1st baronet |
1579 |
27 Nov 1672 |
93 |
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|
Created Lord Carmichael 27 Dec 1647 |
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27 Nov 1672 |
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2 |
John Carmichael |
28 Feb 1638 |
20 Sep 1710 |
72 |
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Created Lord Carmichael,Viscount of |
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Inglisberry and Nemphlar and Earl of |
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Hyndford 25 Jul 1701 |
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See "Hyndford" |
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|
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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7 Feb 1912 |
B |
1 |
Sir Thomas David Gibson-Carmichael,11th baronet |
18 Mar 1859 |
16 Jan 1926 |
66 |
to |
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|
Created Baron Carmichael 7 Feb 1912 |
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16 Jan 1926 |
|
|
MP for Midlothian 1895-1900. Governor of |
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Victoria
1908-1911, Madras 1911-1912 and |
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Bengal
1912-1917. Lord Lieutenant |
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Peebles 1920-1926 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARMICHAEL OF KELVINGROVE |
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10 Oct 1983 |
B[L] |
1 |
Neil George Carmichael |
10 Oct 1921 |
19 Jul 2001 |
79 |
to |
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|
Created Baron Carmichael of Kelvingrove |
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19 Jul 2001 |
|
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for life 10 Oct 1983 |
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MP for Woodside 1962-1974 and Kelvingrove |
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1974-1983 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARNARVON |
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2 Aug 1628 |
E |
1 |
Robert Dormer,2nd Baron Dormer |
1610 |
20 Sep 1643 |
33 |
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|
Created Viscount Ascott and Earl of |
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Carnarvon 2 Aug 1628 |
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Lord Lieutenant Buckingham 1641 |
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20 Sep 1643 |
|
2 |
Charles Dormer |
25 Oct 1632 |
29 Nov 1709 |
77 |
to |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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|
29 Nov 1709 |
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|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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29 Apr 1719 |
M |
1 |
James Brydges,9th Baron Chandos |
6 Jan 1673 |
9 Aug 1744 |
71 |
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|
|
Created Viscount Wilton and Earl of |
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|
|
Carnarvon 19 Oct 1714, and Marquess |
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|
of Carnarvon and Duke of Chandos |
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29 Apr 1719 |
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|
The
creations of 1714 contained a special |
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remainder,failing the heirs male of his body,to |
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those of his late father,together his two sons |
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|
John and Henry |
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|
See "Chandos" |
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|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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3 Jul 1793 |
E |
1 |
Henry Herbert |
20 Aug 1741 |
3 Jun 1811 |
69 |
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|
|
Created Baron Porchester 17 Oct 1780 |
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|
and Earl of Carnarvon 3 Jul 1793 |
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|
MP for Wilton 1768-1780. PC 1806 |
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3 Jun 1811 |
|
2 |
Henry George Herbert |
3 Jun 1772 |
16 Apr 1833 |
60 |
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|
MP for Cricklade 1794-1811 |
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|
16 Apr 1833 |
|
3 |
Henry John George Herbert |
8 Jun 1800 |
10 Dec 1849 |
49 |
|
|
|
MP for Wootton Basset 1831-1832 |
|
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10 Dec 1849 |
|
4 |
Henry Howard Molyneux Herbert |
24 Jun 1831 |
28 Jun 1890 |
59 |
|
|
|
Secretary of State for Colonies 1866-1867 |
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|
|
and 1874-1878. Lord Lieutenant of Ireland |
|
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|
1885-1887. Lord Lieutenant Hampshire |
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|
1887-1890. PC 1866 |
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28 Jun 1890 |
|
5 |
George Edward Stanhope Molyneux Herbert |
26 Jun 1866 |
5 Apr 1923 |
56 |
|
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|
|
5 Apr 1923 |
|
6 |
Henry George Alfred Marius Victor |
|
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|
|
Francis Herbert |
7 Nov 1898 |
22 Sep 1987 |
88 |
|
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|
|
22 Sep 1987 |
|
7 |
Henry George Reginald Molyneux Herbert |
19 Jan 1924 |
11 Sep 2001 |
77 |
|
|
|
[Elected hereditary peer 1999-2001] |
|
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11 Sep 2001 |
|
8 |
George Reginald Oliver Molyneux Herbert |
10 Nov 1956 |
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|
CARNEGIE OF KINNAIRD |
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|
14 Apr 1616 |
B[S] |
1 |
David Carnegie |
1575 |
Feb 1658 |
82 |
|
|
|
Created Lord Carnegie of Kinnaird |
|
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|
14 Apr 1616,and Lord Carnegie of |
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|
Kinnaird and Leuchars and Earl of |
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|
Southesk 22 Jun 1633 |
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|
See "Southesk" |
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|
CARNEGY OF LOUR |
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|
14 Jul 1982 |
B[L] |
1 |
Elizabeth Patricia Carnegy |
28 Apr 1925 |
9 Nov 2010 |
85 |
to |
|
|
Created Baroness Carnegy of Lour for life |
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|
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9 Nov 2010 |
|
|
14 Jul 1982 |
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|
Peerage extinct on her death |
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|
CARNOCK |
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|
27 Jun 1916 |
B |
1 |
Sir Arthur Nicolson,11th baronet |
19 Sep 1849 |
5 Nov 1928 |
79 |
|
|
|
Created Baron Carnock 27 Jun 1916 |
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|
|
PC 1905 |
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|
|
5 Nov 1928 |
|
2 |
Frederick Archibald Nicolson |
9 Jan 1883 |
3 May 1952 |
69 |
|
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|
|
3 May 1952 |
|
3 |
Erskine Arthur Nicolson |
26 Mar 1884 |
2 Oct 1982 |
98 |
|
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|
|
2 Oct 1982 |
|
4 |
David Henry Arthur Nicolson |
10 Jul 1920 |
26 Dec 2008 |
88 |
|
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|
|
26 Dec 2008 |
|
5 |
Adam Nicolson |
12 Sep 1957 |
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|
CARNWATH |
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|
21 Apr 1639 |
E[S] |
1 |
Robert Dalzell |
|
1639 |
|
|
|
|
Created Lord of Dalzell 18 Sep 1628 |
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|
|
and Earl of Carnwath 21 Apr 1639 |
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1639 |
|
2 |
Robert Dalzell |
|
21 Jun 1654 |
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21 Jun 1654 |
|
3 |
Gavin Dalzell |
|
Jun 1674 |
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Jun 1674 |
|
4 |
James Dalzell |
|
1683 |
|
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1683 |
|
5 |
John Dalzell |
|
7 Jun 1702 |
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7 Jun 1702 |
|
6 |
Sir Robert Dalzell,3rd baronet |
c 1687 |
4 Aug 1737 |
|
to |
|
|
He was attainted and the peerage forfeited. |
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|
|
19 Jan 1716 |
|
|
But for the attainder the descent was - |
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|
|
4 Aug 1737 |
|
[7] |
Alexander Dalzell |
2 Feb 1722 |
3 Apr 1787 |
65 |
|
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|
|
3 Apr 1787 |
|
[8] |
Robert Dalzell |
1755 |
13 Feb 1808 |
52 |
|
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|
13 Feb 1808 |
|
[9] |
John Dalzell |
18 Aug 1795 |
10 Oct 1814 |
19 |
|
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|
|
10 Oct 1814 |
|
10 |
Robert Alexander Dalzell |
13 Feb 1768 |
1 Jan 1839 |
70 |
|
|
|
He obtained a reversal of the attainder |
|
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|
|
26 May 1826 |
|
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|
|
1 Jan 1839 |
|
11 |
Thomas Henry Dalzell |
2 Sep 1797 |
14 Dec 1867 |
70 |
|
|
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|
|
14 Dec 1867 |
|
12 |
Henry Arthur Hew Dalzell |
12 Apr 1858 |
13 Mar 1873 |
14 |
|
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|
|
13 Mar 1873 |
|
13 |
Arthur Alexander Dalzell |
15 Sep 1799 |
28 Apr 1875 |
75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
28 Apr 1875 |
|
14 |
Harry Burrard Dalzell |
11 Nov 1804 |
1 Nov 1887 |
82 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 Nov 1887 |
|
15 |
Robert Harris Carnwath Dalzell |
1 Jul 1847 |
8 Mar 1910 |
62 |
|
|
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|
|
8 Mar 1910 |
|
16 |
Ronald Arthur Dalzell |
3 Jun 1883 |
11 Jul 1931 |
48 |
|
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|
|
11 Jul 1931 |
|
17 |
Arthur Edward Dalzell |
25 Dec 1851 |
9 Mar 1941 |
89 |
to |
|
|
Peerage extinct or dormant on his death |
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|
|
9 Mar 1941 |
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|
CARPENTER |
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|
29 May 1719 |
B[I] |
1 |
George Carpenter |
10 Feb 1657 |
10 Feb 1732 |
75 |
|
|
|
Created Baron Carpenter 29 May 1719 |
|
|
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|
|
MP for Whitchurch 1715-1722 and Westminster |
|
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|
1722-1727 |
|
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|
|
10 Feb 1732 |
|
2 |
George Carpenter |
c 1695 |
12 Jul 1749 |
|
|
|
|
MP for Morpeth
1714 and 1722, and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weobly 1741-1747 |
|
|
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|
|
12 Jul 1749 |
|
3 |
George Carpenter |
26 Aug 1723 |
9 Mar 1762 |
38 |
|
|
|
He was created Earl of Tyrconnel (qv) 1761 |
|
|
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|
|
with which title this peerage then merged |
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|
CARR OF HADLEY |
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|
|
15 Jan 1976 |
B[L] |
1 |
Leonard Robert Carr |
11 Nov 1916 |
17 Feb 2012 |
95 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron Carr of Hadley for life |
|
|
|
17 Feb 2012 |
|
|
15 Jan 1976 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
MP for Mitcham 1950-1974 and Carshalton |
|
|
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|
|
1974-1976. Secretary of State for |
|
|
|
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|
|
Employment 1970-1972, Lord President of |
|
|
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|
|
the Council 1972, Home Secretary 1972- |
|
|
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|
|
1974. PC 1963 |
|
|
|
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|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
|
|
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CARR OF WALTON-ON-THE-HILL |
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6 Nov 2023 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sue Lascelles Carr, DBE, PC |
1 Sep 1964 |
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to |
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Created Baroness Carr of Walton-on-the-Hill for life |
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CARRICK (Ireland) |
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10 Jun 1748 |
E[I] |
1 |
Somerset Hamilton Butler,8th Viscount of |
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Ikerrin |
6 Sep 1719 |
15 Apr 1774 |
54 |
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Created Earl of Carrick 10 Jun 1748 |
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PC [I] 1746 |
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15 Apr 1774 |
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2 |
Henry Thomas Butler |
19 May 1746 |
20 Jul 1813 |
67 |
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20 Jul 1813 |
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3 |
Somerset Richard Butler |
28 Sep 1779 |
4 Feb 1838 |
58 |
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4 Feb 1838 |
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4 |
Henry Thomas Butler |
19 Feb 1834 |
16 Apr 1846 |
12 |
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16 Apr 1846 |
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5 |
Somerset Arthur Butler |
30 Jan 1835 |
22 Dec 1901 |
66 |
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22 Dec 1901 |
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6 |
Charles Henry Somerset Butler |
5 Aug 1851 |
6 Apr 1909 |
57 |
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6 Apr 1909 |
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7 |
Charles Ernest Alfred French |
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Somerset Butler |
15 Nov 1873 |
2 Nov 1931 |
57 |
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Created Baron Butler 8 Jul 1912 |
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2 Nov 1931 |
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8 |
Theobald Walter Somerset Henry Butler |
23 May 1903 |
31 Jul 1957 |
54 |
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31 Jul 1957 |
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9 |
Brian Stuart Theobald Somerset |
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Caher Butler |
17 Aug 1931 |
5 Oct 1992 |
61 |
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5 Oct 1992 |
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10 |
David James Theobald Somerset Butler |
9 Jan 1953 |
8 Jan 2008 |
54 |
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8 Jan 2008 |
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11 |
Arion Thomas Piers Hamilton Butler |
1 Sep 1975 |
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CARRICK (Scotland) |
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c 1186 |
E[S] |
1 |
Duncan |
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c 1250 |
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Created Earl of Carrick c 1186 |
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c 1250 |
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2 |
Neil |
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1256 |
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1256 |
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3 |
Margaret de Bruce |
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1292 |
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1292 |
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4 |
Robert de Bruce |
11 Jul 1274 |
6 Jun 1329 |
54 |
to |
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He became King of Scotland as Robert I in |
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1306 |
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1306 when the peerage merged with the |
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Crown |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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c 1314 |
E[S] |
1 |
Sir Edward de Bruce |
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5 Oct 1318 |
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to |
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Created Earl of Carrick c 1314 |
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5 Oct 1318 |
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Brother of Robert I |
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On his death the peerage reverted to the |
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Crown |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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1328 |
E[S] |
1 |
David de Bruce |
5 Mar 1324 |
22 Feb 1371 |
46 |
to |
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Created Earl of Carrick 1328 |
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7 Jun 1329 |
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Son of Robert I |
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He became King of Scotland as David II |
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in 1329 when the peerage merged with the |
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Crown |
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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c 1330 |
E[S] |
1 |
Alexander de Bruce |
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18 Jul 1333 |
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to |
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Created Earl of Carrick c 1330 |
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18 Jul 1333 |
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On his death the peerage reverted to the |
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Crown |
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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c 1361 |
E[S] |
1 |
Sir William de Cunynghame |
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by 1364 |
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to |
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Created Earl of Carrick c 1361 |
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by 1364 |
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On his death the peerage reverted to the |
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Crown |
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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22 Jun 1368 |
E[S] |
1 |
John Stewart |
c 1337 |
4 Apr 1406 |
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to |
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Created Earl of Carrick 22 Jun 1368 |
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13 Apr 1390 |
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Son of Robert II |
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He became King of Scotland as Robert III |
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in 1390 when the peerage merged with the |
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Crown |
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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19 Apr 1390 |
E[S] |
1 |
David Stewart |
1378 |
26 Mar 1402 |
23 |
to |
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Created Earl of Carrick 19 Apr 1390 |
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26 Mar 1402 |
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On his death the peerage reverted to the |
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Crown |
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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10 Dec 1404 |
E[S] |
1 |
James Stewart |
Jul 1394 |
21 Feb 1437 |
42 |
to |
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Created Earl of Carrick 10 Dec 1404 |
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4 Apr 1406 |
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He became King of Scotland as James I |
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in 1406 when the peerage merged with the |
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Crown |
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By Act
of Parliament 1469 it was decreed |
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that the Earldom of Carrick should be |
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annexed forever to the first-born princes |
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of the Kings of Scotland. See the Dukedom |
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of Rothesay. |
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CARRICK (in Orkney) |
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22 Jul 1628 |
E[S] |
1 |
John Stewart |
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1652 |
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to |
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Created Lord Kincleven 20 Aug 1607 |
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1652 |
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and Earl of Carrick 22 Jul 1628 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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CARRICKFERGUS |
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26 May 2011 |
B |
1 |
HRH Prince William of Wales (William Arthur |
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Philip Louis) |
21 Jun 1982 |
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Created Baron Carrickfergus,Earl of Strathearn |
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and Duke of Cambridge 26 May 2011 |
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See "Cambridge" |
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CARRINGTON |
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31 Oct 1643 |
V[I] |
1 |
Sir Charles Smyth |
1598 |
21 Feb 1665 |
66 |
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Created Baron Carrington 31 Oct 1643 |
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and Viscount Carrington 4 Nov 1643 |
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21 Feb 1665 |
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2 |
Francis Smith |
c 1621 |
7 Apr 1701 |
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Lord Lieutenant Worcester 1687-1689 |
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7 Apr 1701 |
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3 |
Charles Carington (or Smith) |
5 Jul 1635 |
17 May 1706 |
70 |
to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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17 May 1706 |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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11 Jul 1796 |
B[I] |
1 |
Robert Smith |
22 Jan 1752 |
18 Sep 1838 |
86 |
20 Oct 1797 |
B |
1 |
Created Baron Carrington [I] 11 Jul |
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1796 and Baron Carrington 20 Oct 1797 |
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MP for Nottingham 1779-1797 |
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18 Sep 1838 |
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2 |
Robert John Carrington |
16 Jan 1796 |
17 Mar 1868 |
72 |
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MP for Wendover 1818-1820,Buckinghamshire |
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1820-1821 and Wycombe 1831-1838. Lord |
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Lieutenant Buckingham 1839-1868 |
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17 Mar 1868 |
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3 |
Charles Robert Carington |
16 May 1843 |
13 Jun 1928 |
85 |
16 Jul 1895 |
E |
1 |
Created Viscount Wendover and Earl |
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to |
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Carrington 16 Jul 1895 and Marquess |
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13 Jun 1928 |
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of Lincolnshire 26 Feb 1912 |
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MP for Wycombe 1865-1868. Governor of |
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NSW 1886-1890. President of the Board of |
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Agriculture 1905-1911. Lord Privy Seal |
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1911-1912. PC 1881
KG 1906 |
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For further information on an incident in this peer's |
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youth,see the note at the foot of this page |
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The Earldom became extinct on his death |
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whilst the Baronies passed to - |
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13 Jun 1928 |
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4 |
Rupert Clement George Carington |
18 Dec 1852 |
11 Nov 1929 |
76 |
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MP for Buckinghamshire 1880-1885 |
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11 Nov 1929 |
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5 |
Rupert Victor John Carington |
20 Dec 1891 |
19 Nov 1938 |
46 |
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19 Nov 1938 |
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6 |
Peter Alexander Rupert Carington |
6 Jun 1919 |
9 Jul 2018 |
99 |
17 Nov 1999 |
B[L] |
1 |
First
Lord of the Admiralty 1959-1963. |
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to |
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Minister
Without Portfolio 1963-1964. |
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9 Jul 2018 |
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Secretary of State for Defence 1970-1974. |
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Secretary of
State for Energy 1974. |
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Secretary of State for Foreign and |
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Commonwealth Affairs 1979-1982. PC 1959 |
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CH 1983 KG 1985 |
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Created Baron Carington of Upton for life |
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17 Nov 1999 (extinct on his death) |
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9 Jul 2018 |
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7 |
Rupert Francis John Carington |
2 Dec 1948 |
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[Elected hereditary peer 2018- ] |
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CARRINGTON OF FULHAM |
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11 Sep 2013 |
B[L] |
1 |
Matthew Hadrian Marshall Carrington |
19 Oct 1947 |
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Created Baron Carrington of Fulham for life |
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11 Sep 2013 |
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MP for Fulham 1987-1997 |
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CARRON |
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11 Jul 1967 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir William John Carron |
19 Nov 1902 |
3 Dec 1969 |
67 |
to |
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Created Baron Carron for life 11 Jul 1967 |
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3 Dec 1969 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARSON |
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1 Jun 1921 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Edward Henry Carson |
9 Feb 1854 |
22 Oct 1935 |
81 |
to |
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Created Baron Carson for life 1 Jun 1921 |
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22 Oct 1935 |
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MP for Dublin University 1892-1918. |
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and Duncairn 1918-1921. |
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Solicitor General for Ireland 1892 |
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Solicitor General 1900-1905. Attorney |
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General 1915-1916. First Lord of the |
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Admiralty 1916-1917. Lord of Appeal in |
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Ordinary 1921-1929. PC [I] 1896, PC 1905 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARSWELL |
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12 Jan 2004 |
B[L] |
1 |
Robert Douglas Carswell |
28 Jun 1934 |
4 May 2023 |
88 |
to |
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Created Baron Carswell for life 12 Jan 2004 |
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4 May 2023 |
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Lord Chief Justice of Northern Ireland |
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1997-2004.
Lord of Appeal in Ordinary |
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2004-2009 PC
1993 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARTER |
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23 Mar 1987 |
B[L] |
1 |
Denis Victor Carter |
17 Jan 1932 |
18 Dec 2006 |
74 |
to |
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Created Baron Carter for life 23 Mar 1987 |
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18 Dec 2006 |
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PC 1997 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARTER OF BARNES |
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15 Oct 2008 |
B[L] |
1 |
Stephen Carter |
12 Feb 1964 |
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Created
Baron Carter of Barnes for life |
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15 Oct 2008 |
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CARTER OF COLES |
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8 Jun 2004 |
B[L] |
1 |
Patrick Robert Carter |
9 Feb 1946 |
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Created Baron Carter of Coles for life |
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8 Jun 2004 |
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CARTER OF HASLEMERE |
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30 Oct 2019 |
B[L] |
1 |
Harold Mark Carter |
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Created Baron Carter of Haslemere for life |
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30 Oct 2019 |
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CARTERET |
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19 Oct 1681 |
B |
1 |
Sir George Carteret,2nd baronet |
1669 |
22 Sep 1695 |
26 |
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Created Baron Carteret 19 Oct 1681 |
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22 Sep 1695 |
|
2 |
John Carteret |
22 Apr 1690 |
2 Jan 1763 |
72 |
|
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|
He succeeded his mother as 2nd Earl Granville (qv) |
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in 1744 (see below) |
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2 Jan 1763 |
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3 |
Robert Carteret,3rd Earl Granville |
21 Sep 1721 |
13 Feb 1776 |
54 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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**************** |
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1 Jan 1715 |
V |
1 |
Grace Carteret |
1667 |
18 Oct 1744 |
77 |
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Created Viscountess Carteret and Countess |
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Granville 1 Jan 1715 |
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The
creation of the Viscountcy (but not the |
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Earldom) contained a special remainder,failing |
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the heirs male of her body,to her husband's |
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brother,Edward Carteret |
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See "Granville" |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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29 Jan 1784 |
B |
1 |
Henry Frederick Thynne |
17 Nov 1735 |
17 Jun 1826 |
90 |
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Created Baron Carteret 29 Jan 1784 |
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For details of the special remainder included |
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in this creation, see the note at the foot of |
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this page |
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MP for Staffordshire 1757-1761 |
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Postmaster General 1771-1789 PC 1770 |
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17 Jun 1826 |
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2 |
George Thynne |
23 Jan 1770 |
19 Feb 1838 |
68 |
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MP for Weobly 1790-1812
PC 1804 |
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19 Feb 1838 |
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3 |
John Thynne |
28 Dec 1772 |
10 Mar 1849 |
76 |
to |
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MP for Bath 1796-1832
PC 1804 |
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10 Mar 1849 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARVER |
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15 Jul 1977 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir (Richard) Michael Power Carver |
24 Apr 1915 |
9 Dec 2001 |
86 |
to |
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Created Baron Carver for life 15 Jul 1977 |
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9 Dec 2001 |
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Field Marshal 1973. Chief of the Defence Staff |
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1973-1976 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CARYE |
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14 Nov 1620 |
B[S] |
1 |
Sir Henry Cary |
c 1575 |
25 Sep 1633 |
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Created Lord
Carye and Viscount of |
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Falkland 14 Nov 1620 |
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See "Falkland" |
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CARYSFORT |
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23 Jan 1752 |
B[I] |
1 |
John Proby |
25 Nov 1720 |
18 Oct 1772 |
51 |
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Created Baron Carysfort 23 Jan 1752 |
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MP for Stamford 1747-1754 and |
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Huntingdonshire 1754-1768. PC [I] 1758 |
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18 Oct 1772 |
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2 |
John Joshua Proby |
12 Aug 1751 |
7 Apr 1828 |
76 |
18 Aug 1789 |
E[I] |
1 |
Created Earl of Carysfort 18 Aug 1789 |
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21 Jan 1801 |
B |
1 |
and Baron Carysfort 21 Jan 1801 |
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MP for East Looe 1790 and Stamford 1790- |
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1801. KP 1784. PC [I] 1789. PC 1806 |
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7 Apr 1828 |
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2 |
John Proby |
1780 |
11 Jun 1855 |
74 |
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MP for Buckingham 1805-1806 and |
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Huntingdonshire 1806-1807 and 1814-1818 |
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11 Jun 1855 |
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3 |
Granville Leveson Proby |
12 Nov 1782 |
3 Nov 1868 |
85 |
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MP for Wicklow 1816-1829 |
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3 Nov 1868 |
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4 |
Granville Leveson Proby |
14 Sep 1824 |
18 May 1872 |
47 |
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MP for Wicklow
1858-1868. PC 1859 |
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KP 1869 |
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18 May 1872 |
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5 |
William Proby |
18 Jan 1836 |
4 Sep 1909 |
73 |
to |
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Lord Lieutenant Wicklow 1890-1909 |
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4 Sep 1909 |
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KP 1874 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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CASEY |
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16 May 1960 |
B[L] |
1 |
Richard Gardiner Casey |
29 Aug 1890 |
17 Jun 1976 |
85 |
to |
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Created Baron Casey for life 16 May 1960 |
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17 Jun 1976 |
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Governor of Bengal 1940-1946. Governor |
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General of Australia 1965-1969 |
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PC 1939 CH
1944 KG 1969 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CASEY OF BLACKSTOCK |
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30 Oct 2020 |
B[L] |
1 |
Dame Louise Casey |
29 Mar 1965 |
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|
Created Baroness Casey of Blackstock |
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CASHMAN |
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23 Sep 2014 |
B[L] |
1 |
Michael Maurice Cashman |
17 Dec 1950 |
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Created Baron Cashman for life 23 Sep 2014 |
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CASKIEBERRY |
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29 May 1680 |
B[S] |
1 |
John Leslie,7th Earl of Rothes |
1630 |
27 Jul 1681 |
51 |
to |
|
|
Created Lord Auchmotie and |
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|
27 Jul 1681 |
|
|
Caskieberry,Viscount
of Lugtoun,Earl |
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|
of Leslie,Marquess of Ballinbreich and |
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Duke of Rothes 29 May 1680 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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CASSILLIS |
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c 1509 |
E[S] |
1 |
David Kennedy,3rd Lord Kennedy |
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9 Sep 1513 |
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Created Earl of Cassillis c 1509 |
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9 Sep 1513 |
|
2 |
Gilbert Kennedy |
|
22 Dec 1527 |
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22 Dec 1527 |
|
3 |
Gilbert Kennedy |
1515 |
28 Nov 1558 |
43 |
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28 Nov 1558 |
|
4 |
Gilbert Kennedy |
c 1541 |
Dec 1576 |
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|
For further information on this peer,see the |
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|
|
note at the foot of this page |
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Dec 1576 |
|
5 |
John Kennedy |
c 1573 |
Oct 1615 |
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Oct 1615 |
|
6 |
John Kennedy |
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Apr 1668 |
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Apr 1668 |
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7 |
John Kennedy |
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23 Jul 1701 |
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23 Jul 1701 |
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8 |
John Kennedy |
Apr 1700 |
7 Aug 1759 |
59 |
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7 Aug 1759 |
|
9 |
Sir Thomas Kennedy,4th baronet |
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30 Nov 1775 |
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30 Nov 1775 |
|
10 |
David Kennedy |
c 1730 |
18 Dec 1792 |
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MP for Ayrshire 1768-1774 |
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18 Dec 1792 |
|
11 |
Archibald Kennedy |
|
30 Dec 1794 |
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30 Dec 1794 |
|
12 |
Archibald Kennedy |
|
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He was created Marquess of Ailsa 1831 (qv) |
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with which title this peerage then merged |
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CASTLE |
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18 Jun 1974 |
B[L] |
1 |
Edward Cyril Castle |
5 May 1907 |
26 Dec 1979 |
72 |
to |
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Created Baron Castle for life 18 Jun 1974 |
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26 Dec 1979 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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CASTLE OF BLACKBURN |
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16 Jul 1990 |
B[L] |
1 |
Barbara Anne Castle |
6 Oct 1911 |
3 May 2002 |
90 |
to |
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|
Created Baroness Castle of Blackburn |
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3 May 2002 |
|
|
for life 16 Jul 1990 |
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MP for Blackburn 1945-1950 and 1955-1979 |
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and Blackburn East 1950-1955. Minister of |
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Overseas Development 1964-1965. Minister |
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of Transport 1965-1968. Secretary of State |
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for Employment 1968-1970. Secretary of |
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State for Social Services 1974-1976 |
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PC 1964 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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CASTLECOMER |
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15 Mar 1707 |
V[I] |
1 |
Sir Christopher Wandesford,2nd baronet |
19 Aug 1656 |
15 Sep 1707 |
51 |
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|
Created Baron
Wandesford and |
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|
Viscount Castlecomer 15 Mar 1707 |
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PC [I] 1695 |
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15 Sep 1707 |
|
2 |
Christopher Wandesford |
2 Mar 1684 |
23 Jun 1719 |
35 |
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MP for Morpeth 1710-1713 and Ripon 1715-19 |
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Secretary at War 1718
PC [I] 1710 |
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23 Jun 1719 |
|
3 |
Christopher Wandesford |
1717 |
10 May 1736 |
18 |
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10 May 1736 |
|
4 |
George Wandesford |
22 Sep 1687 |
25 Jun 1751 |
63 |
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25 Jun 1751 |
|
5 |
John Wandesford |
24 May 1725 |
12 Jan 1784 |
58 |
to |
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Created Earl Wandesford (qv) 1758 |
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12 Jan 1784 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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CASTLE COOTE |
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31 Jul 1800 |
B[I] |
1 |
Charles Henry Coote,7th Earl of Mountrath |
1725 |
1 Mar 1802 |
76 |
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|
Created Baron Castle
Coote |
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31 Jul 1800 |
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|
For details of the special remainder included in the |
|
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|
|
|
|
creation
of this peerage,see the note at the |
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|
|
foot of this page |
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On his
death the Earldom of Mountrath |
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became extinct
whilst the Barony |
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passed to - |
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1 Mar 1802 |
|
2 |
Charles Henry Coote |
25 Aug 1754 |
22 Jan 1823 |
68 |
|
|
|
MP for Queens County 1801-1802. PC [I] 1800 |
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22 Jan 1823 |
|
3 |
Eyre Coote |
21 Sep 1793 |
Apr 1827 |
33 |
to |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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Apr 1827 |
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CASTLE CUFFE |
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20 Dec 1793 |
V[I] |
1 |
Otway Cuffe,1st Viscount Desart |
1737 |
9 Aug 1804 |
67 |
|
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|
Created
Viscount Castle Cuffe and |
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|
Earl of Desart 20 Dec 1793 |
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|
See "Desart" |
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CASTLE DURROW |
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27 Oct 1733 |
B[I] |
1 |
William Flower |
11 Mar 1685 |
29 Apr 1746 |
61 |
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|
|
Created Baron Castle Durrow |
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27 Oct 1733 |
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PC [I] 1735 |
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29 Apr 1746 |
|
2 |
Henry Flower |
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|
He was created Viscount Ashbrook 1751 (qv) |
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with which title this peerage then merged |
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CASTLEHAVEN (Ireland) |
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6 Sep 1616 |
E[I] |
1 |
George Tuchet,11th Baron Audley |
1551 |
20 Feb 1617 |
65 |
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|
Created Baron
Audley and Earl of |
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|
Castlehaven 6 Sep 1616 |
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20 Feb 1617 |
|
2 |
Mervyn Tuchet |
1593 |
14 May 1631 |
37 |
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|
For further information on this peer, see the |
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|
|
|
|
note at the foot of this page. |
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|
14 May 1631 |
|
3 |
James Tuchet |
c 1617 |
11 Oct 1684 |
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|
11 Oct 1684 |
|
4 |
Mervyn Tuchet |
|
2 Nov 1686 |
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2 Nov 1686 |
|
5 |
James Tuchet |
|
12 Aug 1700 |
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12 Aug 1700 |
|
6 |
James Tuchet |
|
12 Oct 1740 |
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12 Oct 1740 |
|
7 |
James Tuchet |
15 Apr 1723 |
8 May 1769 |
46 |
|
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|
8 May 1769 |
|
8 |
John Talbot Tuchet |
2 Aug 1724 |
22 Apr 1777 |
52 |
to |
|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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|
22 Apr 1777 |
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CASTLEHAVEN (Scotland) |
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|
21 Oct 1861 |
B |
1 |
Anne Sutherland-Leveson-Gower |
21 Apr 1829 |
25 Nov 1888 |
59 |
|
|
|
Created Baroness Macleod,Baroness |
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|
|
Castlehaven,Viscountess Tarbat and |
|
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|
|
Countess of Cromartie 21 Oct 1861 |
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|
See "Cromartie" |
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CASTLEMAINE |
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11 Dec 1661 |
E[I] |
1 |
Roger Palmer |
4 Sep 1634 |
28 Jul 1705 |
70 |
to |
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Created
Baron of Limerick and Earl of |
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28 Jul 1705 |
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Castlemaine 11 Dec 1661 |
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PC 1686 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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24 Apr 1718 |
V[I] |
1 |
Sir Richard Child (later Tylney) |
5 Feb 1680 |
Mar 1750 |
70 |
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Created Baron Newtown and Viscount |
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Castlemaine 24
Apr 1718 and Earl |
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Tylney of Castlemaine 11 Jun 1731 |
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MP for Essex 1710-1722 and 1727-1734 |
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Mar 1750 |
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2 |
John Tylney |
22 Oct 1712 |
17 Sep 1784 |
71 |
to |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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17 Sep 1784 |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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24 Dec 1812 |
B[I] |
1 |
William Handcock |
28 Aug 1761 |
7 Jan 1839 |
77 |
12 Jan 1822 |
V[I] |
1 |
Created Baron Castlemaine 24 Dec |
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to |
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1812 and Viscount
Castlemaine |
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7 Jan 1839 |
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12 Jan 1822 |
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The creation of the Barony of 1812 contained a |
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special remainder,failing heirs male of his body,to |
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his brother,Richard Handcock |
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MP for Athlone 1802-1803.
PC [I] 1801 |
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On his death the Viscountcy became |
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extinct whilst the Barony passed to - |
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7 Jan 1839 |
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2 |
Richard Handcock |
14 May 1767 |
18 Apr 1840 |
72 |
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MP for Athlone 1800 |
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18 Apr 1840 |
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3 |
Richard Handcock |
17 Nov 1791 |
4 Jul 1869 |
77 |
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MP for Athlone 1826-1832 |
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4 Jul 1869 |
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4 |
Richard Handcock |
25 Jul 1826 |
26 Apr 1892 |
65 |
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Lord Lieutenant Westmeath 1889-1892 |
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26 Apr 1892 |
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5 |
Albert Edward Handcock |
26 Mar 1863 |
6 Jul 1937 |
74 |
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Lord Lieutenant Westmeath 1899-1922 |
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6 Jul 1937 |
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6 |
Robert Arthur Handcock |
19 Apr 1864 |
31 May 1954 |
90 |
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31 May 1954 |
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7 |
John Michael Schomberg Staveley |
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Handcock |
10 Mar 1904 |
31 Jul 1973 |
69 |
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31 Jul 1973 |
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8 |
Roland Thomas John Handcock |
22 Apr 1943 |
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CASTLE MARTYR |
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20 Mar 1756 |
B[I] |
1 |
Henry Boyle |
1682 |
28 Dec 1764 |
82 |
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Created Baron of Castle Martyr, |
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Viscount Boyle of Bandon and Earl of |
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Shannon 20 Mar 1756 |
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See "Shannon" |
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CASTLEREAGH |
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1 Oct 1795 |
V[I] |
1 |
Robert Stewart |
27 Sep 1739 |
8 Apr 1821 |
81 |
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Created Baron Londonderry |
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20 Sep 1789, Viscount Castlereagh |
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1 Oct 1795,Earl
of Londonderry |
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17 Aug 1796 and Marquess of |
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Londonderry 13 Jan 1816 |
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See "Londonderry" |
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The Carlingford "Peerage" Case |
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In
"The Complete Peerage," there is a footnote to this title which
states that "the title was |
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assumed about the middle
of the 19th century by Godwin Meade Pratt Swifte, of Swiftesheath, |
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co.
Kilkenny, who was descended from Thomas Swift, eldest brother of the half
blood to William |
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Swift of Rotherham, grandfather of Viscount
Carlingford." |
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This case was commonly referred to the
contemporary Press as "the Carlingford Peerage case." |
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This, however, is misleading - the case should
be better described as "Swifte v. Swifte," since |
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the
legal battle was over the plaintiff's entitlement to participate in the
personal estate of his |
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dead father. At no time was any attempt made to
obtain recognition of the plaintiff's right to be |
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acknowledged as "Viscount Carlingford." |
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The case occupied large sections of the
newspapers of the time, and I have therefore sought out |
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those reports which best convey the facts of
the case, commencing with the "Daily Mail" of 2 |
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November 1905:- |
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'There
commenced before the Irish Master of the Rolls [Sir Andrew Porter] at Dublin
yesterday a |
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trial
which has been long pending, and which involves the possession of the estates
and title of |
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the Carlingford peerage, which has been dormant
for some years. |
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'The
plaintiff is George Godwin Barnham Swifte, who claims to be the lawful child
of a former Lord |
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Carlingford, and as such entitled to a share of
the estate at present held by Mary Jane Swifte |
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and
Godwin Butler Meade Swifte. The latter is now Master of Swiftesheath, a fine
old mansion |
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with an extensive and picturesque estate in
County Kilkenny. |
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'Counsel
for the plaintiff said that the peerage was dormant and Mr. Swifte claimed
it, but had |
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never prosecuted his claim in the House of
Lords. In 1842 Lord Carlingford secretly married Miss |
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Jane Hopkins, daughter of the late Captain
Hopkins, of the 76th Regiment, and in 1845 the parties |
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were publicly married in Liverpool. |
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'Two
children were born of that marriage - Longueville Meade Swifte and the
plaintiff. Viscountess |
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Carlingford, otherwise Hopkins, died in 1848.
Lord Carlingford subsequently, in 1863, married the |
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defendant, Mary Jane Swifte. The defence, said
counsel, had been raised by this lady that the |
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plaintiff, his brother Longueville, and his
sister, were not lawful children of their father, because |
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he had openly committed bigamy by marrying Miss
Hopkins - a previous marriage having been |
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effected by Lord Carlingford with Baroness de
Wetzlar, which was still existing. |
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'The
plaintiff submitted that the Court of Probate in Ireland had declared Lord
Carlingford to be |
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the lawful husband of [the] plaintiff's mother.
It was a very significant incident that when the |
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second marriage took place in Liverpool, one of
the wedding presents was from Baroness de |
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Wetzlar, who was alleged by the defendant to be
the first wife of Lord Carlingford. After that |
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marriage Lord and Lady Carlingford resided in
Dublin, and plaintiff and his brother were recognised |
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as their lawful children. Counsel referred to
an elder sister of the plaintiff, who was presented at |
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the first Drawing Room after the death of the
Prince Consort as the Hon. Julia Ianthe Swifte, and |
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who afterwards married Dr. O'Flaherty, an
eminent London physician. |
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'When
sixteen years of age the plaintiff was asked to sign indentures to enter a
ship called the |
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Sandringham. He refused to do so, and went to
his sister in London. Before the ship sailed from |
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Plymouth, the plaintiff went down to join the
vessel, but the captain refused to take him on |
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board. After a time the plaintiff was put on
board the Royal Alice, and sailed for Australia, with |
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directions to join the Sandringham there; but
again the captain refused to take him. |
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'When
in Calcutta, on board the Royal Alice, he heard accidentally of his father's
death, which |
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took place in July 1864. It so happened that
the Sandringham was also at Calcutta, and left port |
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with 700 coolies. It was her last voyage, as
she was lost with all hands, except the captain and |
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his wife. |
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'Counsel
had not concluded his argument when the court rose.' |
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Upon the resumption of the hearing, the
"Daily Mail" of 3 November 1905 reported:- |
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'When
the hearing of the legitimacy suit of Swifte v. Swifte was resumed by the
Master of the |
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Rolls at Dublin yesterday, very interesting
evidence was given by the plaintiff, George Godwin |
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Barnham Swifte. |
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'He
claims the dormant Carlingford peerage; but in this suit only seeks a
declaration that the |
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personal estate of the late Godwin Meade Pratt
Swifte, commonly known as Lord Carlingford, was |
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divisible between himself, his deceased
brother, Longueville Meade Swifte, and one of the defend- |
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ants, Godwin B.M. Swifte; and a declaration
that the second defendant, Mrs. May [Mary?] Jane |
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Swifte, was liable to make good and pay to the
plaintiff and to the legal personal representative |
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of Longueville M. Swifte the full amount of
their shares. The total yearly value of the property in |
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dispute is stated to be about £20,000. |
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'Mr.
Swifte, in the course of examination, said that his father, who was generally
known as Lord |
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Carlingford, was named Gordon [Godwin?] Meade
Pratt Swifte. He produced the certificate of his |
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father's marriage with Jane Anne Hopkins in
Liverpool on March 18, 1846. The witness was born |
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January 10, 1847. The birth and baptismal
certificates of himself and his brother Longueville were |
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produced. His father told him he had gone
through the ceremony of marriage with his wife in 1842, |
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and that the marriage was registered at
Doctors' Commons, but that it was technically irregular. |
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At the same time he thought it was perfectly legal. |
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'The
witness also produced his schoolbooks, in which his name was entered as the
Hon. George |
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Swifte. His mother died in 1847, and his father
married Miss Clarke in 1863. The witness and his |
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brothers
and sister lived in the house afterwards as members of the family. When his
father |
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returned from the honeymoon he had a
conversation with Harold, one of his (witness's) brothers, |
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in the ball-room. Harold on that occasion
refused to go to sea, or to California, informing his |
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father at the same time that he was heir to the
title and property. His father replied that he was |
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sorry Harold was not the heir, as he was born
before the Liverpool marriage; and he added that |
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Longueville was the heir. |
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'Harold
left to reside in another part of the country, and the property, which had
till then been |
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managed by him, was taken in charge by Eldon
Clarke. About a week after that witness went to |
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sea. |
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'At
a later period, when he saw his father declining in health, he asked him to
allow him £100 a |
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year.
His father replied, "Oh, that's nothing. You will be very well
off." In reply to a further |
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question by the witness, his father said,
"Harold is not my heir. Your brother Longueville is." His |
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father had always claimed the title, but never
asserted his right to it. He was about to do so |
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when he died. |
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'He
went on to tell how he was supplied with a sea-chest inscribed "The Hon.
G.B. Swifte" and |
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told to go to sea; how he ran away and hid in a
plantation, and how the captain of the Sandring- |
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ham, when the plaintiff at last went to
Plymouth to join the ship, refused to allow him on board. |
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Then he joined the Royal Alice, and found the
Sandringham at Calcutta and heard of his father's |
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death. The Sandringham after went down with 700
coolies on board, and when Mr. Swifte went |
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home Mrs. Swifte said they had supposed he was
lost with the ship. |
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'The
Solicitor-General: Did you give any instructions for formulating a charge
against the defend- |
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ant, Mrs. Swifte, of having, with the
assistance of her relatives, endeavoured to entrap you to |
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get into a ship the captain of which was to
scuttle it? - Oh, no. An unseaworthy ship. And |
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consequently to drown you? - If she was lost.
And she was lost. And was it done for the express |
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purpose? Is that the charge you have made? -
There is great suspicion about it. To secure your |
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death? - That was the suspicion. Do you charge
that today? - Well, as far as suspicion goes, I |
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was told on board the other vessel that I was
sent away to be got rid of. |
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'Mrs.
O'Flaherty, sister of the plaintiff and widow of Dr. O'Flaherty, a London
physician, said she |
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was the daughter of the late Godwin Swifte,
commonly called Viscount Carlingford. At the first |
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Drawing Room held after the death of the Prince
Consort Lord Carlisle was Lord Lieutenant [1859- |
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1864], and she was presented as the Hon. Miss
Swifte. Her father attended the Levee, and she |
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thought there was some demur about him being
presented as Lord Carlingford. He was ushered in |
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as Godwin Swifte, Esq., and he said, "No.
I am Lord Carlingford." She was taken to the vault |
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where her mother was buried, and her father
pointed out the coffin with the name Viscountess |
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Carlingford. |
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'Her
father told her everything about the marriage with the Baroness de Wetzlar.
He said that her |
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mother did not like the way in which she and
her father were living. She was a Roman Catholic, |
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and they were married by a Roman Catholic
priest just to ease her conscience, and that her papa |
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consented. |
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'He
said that he then went to Naples, where he was always considered a bachelor
and moved in |
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the highest circles. It was given out that he
was a married man, and he was angry about it. He |
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told her that he came home and then married her
mother. He said that the divorce [marriage to |
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Baroness de Wetzlar?] was annulled and that the
deeds proving it were in a tin box under his bed. |
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'The court then
adjourned.' |
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Extracted from the Derby "Daily
Telegraph" of 4 November 1905:- |
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'The
Solicitor-General then opened the case for the defendants, stating he would
prove that in |
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1833, in the parish chapel at Loitsch, in
Austria, according to the most strict formalities of the |
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Austrian law, the parish priest celebrated a
marriage between Lord Carlingford and Baroness de |
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Wetzlar. There was nothing at the time to
prevent the marriage taking place in Ireland, for the |
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penal law in force at the time only prohibited
a priest from celebrating a marriage between a |
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Protestant
and a Roman Catholic. Counsel contended that this marriage was valid, and
that |
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therefore the plaintiff's case failed. Ernest
Swifte, divisional police magistrate, Dublin, and a |
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cousin of the defendant, said in August last
year he went to Loitsch, in Austria, and found in the |
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Parish Church register an entry of the marriage
of Lord Carlingford and the Baroness de Wetzlar |
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in 1833. He subsequently obtained a copy of the
certificate of the death of the Baroness in 1856. |
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Witness produced copies of both documents.' |
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Judgment
was finally given on 15 November and fully reported in the "Daily
Telegraph" of 16 |
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November 1905:- |
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'The
Master of the Rolls delivered judgment, yesterday, in Dublin, in the case of
Swifte v. Swifte, |
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in which the plaintiff, George Barnham Swifte
sought a declaration that he was a lawful son of the |
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late
Godwin Pratt Swifte, commonly called Lord Carlingford, of Swifte's Heath,
Kilkenny, and as |
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such entitled to a share in the personal estate
of his deceased father. Mrs. Swifte, the widow, |
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contested the claim, on the ground that when
her late husband married the plaintiff's mother he |
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had a lawful wife alive in Austria. |
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'His
lordship, in the course of an exhaustive judgment, which occupied an hour and
three quarters |
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in delivery, stated the causes of action. The
amount of money which, in any event, represented |
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the share of the personal estate to which, in
his own view, the plaintiff was entitled would be a |
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relatively small sum. That was the matter in
respect of which the action was brought. No question |
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and
no claim to a peerage arose, or could arise, in the action. It was perfectly
clear that no |
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peerage whatever was involved, and his lordship
would not, as he had done during the hearing, |
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give people a title or a name to which no right
had been shown. It was not an action for the |
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recovery of large estates, nor, except in the
case which was commenced by the same plaintiff in |
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1884, had
any claim been put forward to the real estate. |
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'The
circumstances of the present case were somewhat peculiar. They had been
called romantic, |
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but so far as his lordship's functions were
concerned he had only to deal with a question of the |
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legal rights of the parties. The facts of the
case were only conversant with the transactions of |
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Mr. Godwin Pratt Swifte, who was born,
apparently, about 1808. He came into possession of the |
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family estates, and, as was the custom of that
period when a young man reached a certain age, |
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he went abroad on what was called the grand
tour. When in Austria he met a lady who was called |
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the Baroness von Wetzlar and there could be no
doubt that she was a person of good family. Her |
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father was the Baron von Wetzlar, and her
mother had been the Countess von Egb. When Mr. |
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Godwin
Pratt Swifte met her they formed an acquaintance which ripened into intimacy,
the |
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precise
character of which his lordship did not care to go into. He had no evidence
one way or the |
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other about it, although there were some
statements made at the Bar in reference to it. |
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'Whether
their acquaintance was unduly intimate or perfectly harmless, there was no
doubt that |
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on Feb. 3, 1833, he was married to her in the
Catholic Church at St. Loitsch, in Austria, by the |
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parish priest. That marriage has been proved as
a matter of fact beyond all question. She was |
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his lawful wedded wife unless the marriage was
invalidated by circumstances which were so very |
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much pressed at the Bar, founded on the
provisions in the penal code. They appeared to have |
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separated;
whether they intended to separate permanently or not his lordship did not
know. |
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'Having
returned to this country the husband undoubtedly contracted another marriage
on March |
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18, 1845, with a Miss Jane Ann Hopkins, a young
lady who occupied a respectable position in |
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society. She was married regularly in Liverpool
Parish Church. The first wife, the Baroness von |
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Wetzlar, was beyond all question living at that
time, for she did not die till Jan. 30, 1859. If the |
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first marriage, there fore, was valid, and was
not determined by divorce or some other equivalent, |
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the marriage of 1845 was illegal and void. |
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'At
the time of the 1845 marriage there were two children of Godwin Pratt Swifte
and Jane |
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Hopkins, born before the Liverpool marriage,
one of them named Harold and the other a daughter, |
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who was respectably married in London, and his
lordship wished to say, in speaking of these |
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things, that he desired most strongly to
emphasize his opinion that there was nothing discredit- |
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able to either of these children as regards
their birth. If they were illegitimate no one, under the |
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circumstances
of the case, would refrain from sympathising with them. |
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'Longueville
Swifte, the third child of this union, was born on May 9, 1845, a couple of
months |
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after the marriage of his parents in Liverpool.
The plaintiff, George Barnham Swifte, was the fourth |
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child
of the same marriage, the second that was born in wedlock, assuming the
marriage in |
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Liverpool was a legal marriage. Then
Longueville would have ranked as the eldest son of his |
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parents,
notwithstanding the existence of the boy Harold. Longueville died somewhere
about |
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1871, and therefore at that time, if the
Liverpool marriage was a good one, the plaintiff would |
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have become entitled as heir-at-law to his
father's estate. Jane Ann Hopkins having died on Aug. |
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14, 1847, the husband, so far as the marriage
with her was concerned, was free to contract |
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another, and he did contract a marriage with
Mary Jane Clarke in February, 1863. Apart altogether |
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from every other question in the case, there
could be none as to the validity of that marriage, |
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because the Baroness von Wetzlar was then dead
some four years and Jane Ann Hopkins was also |
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dead. Of the marriage with Mary Jane Clarke
there was issue only one son, Godwin Swifte, who |
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had
been joined as a co-defendant. His father, Godwin Pratt Swifte, died on July
14, 1864, |
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intestate. |
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'His
lordship held that the Austrian marriage was legal. It was not celebrated in
Ireland between |
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British subjects. If it had been the Act of
George II would have applied. It was celebrated in |
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Austria and as had been sworn to by lawyers
from that country was in strict conformity with the |
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laws of Austria [and as a result the plaintiff
was illegitimate]. |
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'Turning
to the allegations implied against the defendant in the interrogatories
administered to |
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her by the plaintiff, the Master of the Rolls
said they amounted to a shameful and scandalous |
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abuse
of the process of the Court. They alleged, for instance, that the defendant
conspired |
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with others to murder the plaintiff by having
him put to sea in an unseaworthy vessel with a |
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disreputable captain. How, he asked, was a lady
living in Kilkenny to know that a certain vessel |
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was seaworthy or not, and how was she to know
that her captain was a disreputable person |
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capable
of taking part in, and giving effect to, a murder conspiracy? It was a
ridiculous |
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assumption. The plaintiff had failed on all
points and judgment would be for the defendant, with |
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costs.' |
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Charles Robert Carington, 3rd Baron Carrington
and later Marquess of Lincolnshire |
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A
man by the name of Eustace Clare Grenville Murray was, in August 1858,
appointed as British |
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Consul for the Black Sea ports, based in
Odessa. Complaints about his behaviour became so |
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numerous that an inquiry was ordered by the
Foreign Office. The inquiry found that he had |
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granted passports to non-British subjects, he
had failed to levy fees that would have been |
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payable to the British government, and he was
found guilty of such irregularities in the |
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solemnization of marriages to the extent that
it was doubtful whether some of them were not |
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invalid, with any children born out of those
marriages being consequently illegitimate. As a result |
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of the inquiry, Murray was dismissed in May 1868. |
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In January 1869 a new newspaper, the Queen's Messenger, appeared
and soon displayed a |
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remarkable
hostility towards the Foreign Office. In its issue of 17 June 1869, the
paper |
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contained a sketch portrait of "Bob
Coachington, Lord Jarvey." This was a thinly disguised |
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attack on Lord Carrington and his family, and
Carrington sought to find the identity of the |
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perpetrator. Having received information which
convinced him that Murray was responsible |
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for whatever appeared in the Queen's Messenger, Lord
Carrington sought and found Murray |
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on the steps of the Conservative Club, and
there attempted to physically assault him, but it |
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seems that all Carrington succeeded in doing
was damaging Murray's hat. Carrington also |
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informed Murray that "I am Lord Carrington
and you know where to find me." |
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Murray pressed charges against Lord Carrington,
who was summoned before the Marlborough |
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Street Police Court in July 1869 to answer two
charges - one of assault, and the other "for |
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maliciously, unlawfully, wilfully, and wickedly
uttering in the hearing of the plaintiff certain |
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provoking, malicious, and scandalous words,
with intent to instigate, incite, and provoke him |
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[Murray] to fight a duel with him [Carrington]." |
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At the end of the hearing, after Carrington had
been sent for trial, there occurred a remarkable |
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riot in the court, which was reported in the
[Cardiff] 'Western Mail' as follows:- |
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'The assault upon Mr. Grenville Murray at the
Conservative Club by Lord Carington [sic] was |
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enquired into on Wednesday, at the
Marlborough-street Police-court………..The following is a |
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description of the "scene" which took
place in the court at the close of the case. One of the |
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many persons accompanying or in attendance upon
Lord Carington - who, by the way, though |
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a very youthful-looking peer, is physically
much more than a match for the complainant - was |
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an
elderly man, with a japanned tin deed box. This was ultimately the cause of a
scene the |
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like of which the magistrate said he had never
before witnessed in a court of law. The excite- |
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ment
of the case proper was heightened by the incidental allegation that certain
papers |
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produced had been literally stolen for the
purposes of the defence. As the hearing went on, |
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the gentleman with the box - who turned out to
be Mr. Newman, a solicitor, and who clasped |
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the big box with both arms throughout the whole
time - kept on supplying Lord Carington's |
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counsel and solicitors with bundles of
manuscript, evidently Queen's Messenger "copy," duly |
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labelled as to the dates, etc. After the
magistrate had given his decision a rush was made at |
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the box, just as Mr. Newman was returning some
of the papers. Cries of "Police," "Murder," |
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and "Help" arose. Twenty or thirty
men, old and young, clustered around the box, shouting at |
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the top of their voices, and struggling,
kicking, and fighting for the prize. Chairs were hurled |
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out of the way, forms overturned, inkstands
capsized. The attacking party was at first |
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successful,
and the box began to approach the edge of the table. The defenders then
waxed |
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frantic, and created terrible din and
confusion. Young gentlemen, who had watched the case |
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in lavender kids [gloves] and with unruffled
mien, now threw themselves into the melee, and |
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blows, with both fist and stick, were freely
exchanged all round. Half-a-dozen police at length |
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hurried in from the outside, and the day was
speedily decided against the attackers. The box |
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was safe and sound, but some papers were torn
to shreds in the scuffle. The "row" did not |
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by any means terminate when this issue was
decided. The battle was renewed, apparently to |
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enable
the combatants to settle any outstanding accounts, and the fun to the score
of |
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spectators
who had invaded the magistrate's enclosure, to be out of harm's way and
to |
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witness the action was largely added to by the
behaviour of half-a-dozen gentlemen who, |
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keeping safely out of the thick of the fight,
leaped about from chair to chair screaming |
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gratuitous advice to everybody. This scene
lasted ten minutes, and when it was at an end |
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broken furniture, torn coats, and battered hats
told of the varying fortunes of the combatants. |
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Lord
Carington, who had taken an active share in the strife, was then seen patting
various |
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policemen on the back, and congratulating them
and his friends generally upon the upshot of |
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the little incident. Several persons were taken
into custody and promptly hustled out of the |
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court by the police while the affray was going
on, some of them, as was said, without at all |
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deserving the vigorous treatment they met with.
The most remarkable point of the whole affair |
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was
its impracticability, for apart from the chances of rescue, the size of the
box, and the |
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narrow guarded entrances of the court would
have rendered it impossible for any one to get |
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off with it. The worthy magistrate had calmly
surveyed this extraordinary contempt of court |
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from his chair. The Duke of Beaufort, the
Marquis of Worcester, the Marquis of Lansdowne, |
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Lord Colville, the Marquis Townshend, Marquis
of Blandford, Lord Clonmel, Lord George Lennox, |
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Lord Bingham, and other persons of distinction
were present.' |
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At his subsequent trial on 23 July 1869, Lord
Carrington was found guilty of assault, while the |
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charge of inciting a duel was dropped.
Carrington was bound over to keep the peace and fined |
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£100. |
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In the meantime, however, Carrington had caused
Murray to be charged with perjury, accusing |
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Murray of lying on oath when Murray stated that
he had no connection with the Queen's |
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Messenger, or that he
had written the defending article. At Murray's subsequent trial, it was |
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proved that the registered proprietor of the Queen's Messenger was Murray's
son, and that the |
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draft of the offending article was in Murray's
handwriting. Before his trial could be completed, |
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however, Murray fled to the Continent, where he
remained in exile for the remainder of his life |
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before dying in Paris in December 1881. |
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The special remainder to the Barony of Carteret
created in 1784 |
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From the "London Gazette" of 27
January 1784 (issue 12514, page 3):- |
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'The King has been pleased to grant to the
Right Honourable Henry Frederick Carteret, and the |
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Heirs Male of His Body lawfully begotten, the
Dignity of a Baron of the Kingdom of Great Britain, |
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by
the Name, Stile and Title of Baron Carteret, of Hawnes, in the County of
Bedford, with |
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Remainders to the Honourable George Thynne,
Second Son, the Honourable John Thynne, Third |
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Son and the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and
every other Son and Sons severally and success- |
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ively, of the Right Honourable Thomas Lord
Viscount Weymouth, and the respective Heirs Male |
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of their Bodies lawfully begotten.' |
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Gilbert Kennedy, 4th Earl of Cassillis |
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The 4th Earl of Cassillis is remembered in
Scottish history for his abduction and torture of Allan |
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Stewart, Commendator of the Cluniac Abbey at
Crossraguel, in Carrick [the modern South |
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Ayrshire]
in Scotland. The Earl wished to appropriate some of the lands, together with
the |
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income
arising therefrom, surrounding the Abbey. In order to achieve this, he
tricked Stewart |
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into
accompanying him to Dunure Castle, the home of the Kennedy family, where he
was |
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tortured by being roasted over a brazier in the
'Black Vault' of the castle. Eventually, Stewart |
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submitted to the Earl's demands and signed the
lands in question over to the Earl. He was finally |
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rescued by the intervention of his
brother-in-law, but his feet had been so burnt that he was |
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never able to walk again. |
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A good summary of Allan Stewart's ordeal is
included in the Wikipedia article on "Dunure Castle." |
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After his rescue, Stewart made a complaint to
the Privy Council of Scotland. The following is |
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taken from 'The North British Review' of
February 1845. I have retained the original spelling, |
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adding explanations where necessary:- |
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'The manuscript records of the [Scottish] Privy
Council, of 20th June, 1571, bear, that he [Allan |
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Stewart] presented a complaint against Gilbert
Earl of Cassilis, Thomas Master of Cassilis, his |
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brother, "and their complices," to
the effect, that "being on 30th August 1570, within the wood |
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of Corsraguell, doing my lawful errands and
business, believing noe harm nor invasion to have |
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bein done to me by ainie persons,"
nevertheless the said Earl and sixteen others "came to me, |
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and ther persuaded me, be their flatterie and
deceitfull words, to pass with him to his castle, |
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and he putting me within the same, that I
should be in such firmance, commanded six of his |
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servants
to wait upon me, so that I escaped not, and took from me my hors and all
my |
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weapons, and then depairted, until the 1st
September thereafter, when he came again, and |
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required
me to subscribe to him, ane feu-charter [a document establishing a form of
land |
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tenure] made in parchment, of the baill lands
pertaining to the abbacie; togidder with ain |
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nineteen and five years talk of the teynds,
which I niver read one word of, and answered that |
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it was a thing most unreasonable, and I could
noway." The Earl, however, "after long boasting |
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and menacing of me, caused me to be caryed to
ane houss, callit the Black Vault of Denbie, |
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wher the tormentors denuded me of all my
claiths perforce, except onlie my sark [shirt] and |
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doublet
[jacket], and they band baith my hands at the shackle bane, with ane cord, as
they |
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did baith my feet; and band my soalls betwixt
ane iron chimney and a fire; and being bound |
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soe thairto, I could noway steir or move: whilk
[which] being done, they set the same chimney |
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upoe a great fire, whilk was ther readie
prepaired for my tormenting, so that I micht not steir, |
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but had almost inluked through my cruell
burning." This regimen proved effectual. "Seeing noe |
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other appearance to me, but aither to
condescend to his desyr, or else to continue in that |
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torment, I said I would obey to his desyr;
howbeit it was soir against my will." He then signed |
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the deeds. "Whilk being done, the said
Earle caused the said tormentors of me, to swear upon |
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the Bible, niver to reveal a word of this my
unmerciful hand-dealing." This was not enough. The |
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Earl afterwards "requyred me to ratifie
and approve the same, befor a notar and witnesses, |
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whilk I utterly refused, and thairfoir he as
off befoir, band and putt me to the same manner of |
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tormenting; and being in soe grait pain, as I
trust nevir man was in the like with his life's self, |
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when I cryed 'Fye upon
me, will ye no ding whingers [daggers] in me, and putt me out of |
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this world, or else putt ore barrell of powder
under me, rayther than to be demayned and |
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tormented in this unmercifull maner.' The said Earl hearing ane cry, baidd his servant putt ane |
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stopper in my throat, whilk be obeyed."
But the tortured wretch had firmness not to yield. He |
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goes on to narrate, that "their seeing I
was in danger of my life, my flesh consumed, and brunt |
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to the bane, and that I would not condescend to
his purposs, I was relieved. Further, the said |
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Earl, without any title of right, has taiken up
my haill leving at Crossraguel, taking noe fear of |
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our Sovereign Lordis letters, or chairgis usit
in his name, even as he wer ane eximed persone, |
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not subject to the lawes, but might doe all
things at his pleasure." |
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Notwithstanding Stewart's complaint to the
Privy Council, it appears that little action was taken |
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against the Earl following this incident. |
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The special remainder to the Barony of Castle
Coote created in 1800 |
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From the "London Gazette" of 2 August
1800 (issue 15281, page 889):- |
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'His Majesty hath been pleased to grant the
following Dignities, and Letters Patent are preparing |
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to
be passed under the Great Seal of this Kingdom accordingly, viz....to Charles
Henry Earl of |
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Mountrath,
the Dignity of Baron of Castle Coote, in the County of Roscommon, and the
Heirs |
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Male of his Body; and in Default of such Issue,
to Charles Henry Coote, Esq; of Forest Lodge, |
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in the Queen's County and to his Heirs Male.' |
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Mervyn Tuchet, 12th Baron Audley and 2nd Earl
of Castlehaven |
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Before 1617, Tuchet had married Elizabeth
Barnham, who died young, but not before producing |
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six children. Elizabeth's sister Alice was the
wife of Sir Francis Bacon. Tuchet's second wife was |
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Lady Ann Stanley, daughter of Ferdinando
Stanley, 5th Earl of Derby. Ann, a famous beauty, |
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had previously been married to Grey Bridges,
5th Baron Chandos. Five children were born from |
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this marriage, including Elizabeth Brydges, of
whom more later. |
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According
to the will of Henry VIII and the Succession to the Crown Act of 1543,
commonly |
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known
as the Third Succession Act, Ann was heir presumptive to the throne of
England upon |
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the
death of Elizabeth I in 1603. For a detailed discussion of this subject, the
reader is referred |
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to a website compiled by William Addams
Reitwiesner to be found at - |
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http://www.wargs.com/essays/succession/castlehaven.html |
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Notwithstanding
Ann's claim to the throne, on the death of Elizabeth I, she was passed over
in |
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favour
of King James VI of Scotland, who became James I of England. James was the
senior |
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male descendant of Margaret Tudor, older sister
of Henry VIII. |
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Whatever
the merits of Ann's claim, she married Mervyn Tuchet, 2nd Earl of Castlehaven
on |
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22 July 1624. On their wedding night, Lady Ann
was surprised when Castlehaven's manservant, |
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Anthill,
appeared suddenly at the bedside. In Ann's words, "Anthill came to our
bed, and the |
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Lord
Audley talked lasciviously to me and told me that my body was his and that if
I lay with |
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any man with his consent 'twas not my fault but
his." |
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To add variety to these arrangements, other
servants were encouraged to take part. Skipwith, |
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a groom, "came naked into our
chamber," said Lady Ann, "and to our bed." Lord Audley invited |
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his wife to decide which, between him and
Skipwith, was the better endowed. "He took |
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delight in calling up his servants to show
their nudities and forced me to look upon them and |
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commend those that had the longest." |
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If
Lady Ann demurred, force was employed. When Giles Broadway (or Browning), the
butler, |
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came
to her bed, Lord Audley held her firmly by the hands and feet. "He
delighted to see the |
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act
done, and made Broadway lie with me in such a way that he might see it, and
though I |
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cried out, he never regarded the complaint I
made but encouraged the ravisher." |
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At Lord Audley's subsequent trial, Broadway
told the court that, after he had taken Lady Ann, |
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he
was in turn sodomized by his lordship, as was Fitzpatrick, a cook. The court
was then told |
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that Lady Ann was not the only ill-treated
woman in the family. Lady Ann's daughter, Elizabeth, |
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testified that she had been forced to submit to
Skipwith, the groom. "He used oyl to enter my |
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body first for I was then but twelve years old
and he usually lay with me by the Baron's |
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privity and command." Elizabeth was later
forced to marry Skipwith. |
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It was Lord Audley's son, James, who eventually
informed on his father, due to his fear that his |
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father
intended to disinherit him. Charged with a capital offence before a jury of
his peers, |
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Audley admitted that a servant might
occasionally have shared his bed, but only because of |
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the shortage of rooms in his various houses.
The court declined to accept this defence and |
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Audley
was attainted of felony, sentenced to death and beheaded on Tower Hill on 14
May |
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1631. Broadway and Fitzpatrick were also
executed. |
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There seems to be little doubt that Audley's
death was brought about by Lady Ann's |
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manipulations. Fitzpatrick testified that she
was "the wickedest woman in the world, and had |
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more to answer for than any woman that
lived." For further reading on
this case, the reader is |
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referred to "A House in Gross Disorder;
Sex, Law and the 2nd Earl of Castlehaven" by Cynthia B. |
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Herrup
(Oxford University Press, 1999). Herrup also makes it clear that Lady Ann was
the equal |
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of her husband in immorality. |
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After Audley's death, Elizabeth, having got rid
of Skipwith, married James, Audley's heir and |
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nemesis. Because he had been attainted, his
English peerage, being descendible to heirs |
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general, was forfeited, but the Irish Earldom
and Barony, being in tail, were not affected. This |
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was because the peerages in tail were protected
by the statute 'De Donis Conditionalibus' |
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contained
in the second Statute of Westminster (1285) which preserved all entailed
honours |
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against forfeiture for felony. A similar
situation arose in 1760 when Earl Ferrers was executed |
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without any effect upon the descent of his
peerages. |
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The following edited account of Audley's trial
is taken from "A Critical Review of the State |
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Trials" [London 1735]:- |
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'The Trial of Mervin Lord Audley, Earl of
Castlehaven, for a Rape and Sodomy, before the Lord |
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Keeper Coventry, Lord High Steward, and the
rest of the Peers commissioned to try him, 25 |
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April 1631. 7 Car. I. |
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'Three Indictments had been found against this
Lord by the Grand Jury at the preceding Lent |
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Assizes for Wiltshire. The first for a Rape of
his own Wife, whom he held by Force, while one of |
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his Servants lay with her: And the other two
Indictments were for Buggery with a Man. |
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Before the Trial, the Judges came to the
following Resolutions, on certain Queries, sent them |
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by the Lord High Steward: |
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1. That a Peer could not be tried by a common
Jury, but must be tried by his Peers. |
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2. That a Peer could not challenge any of his Peers. |
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3. That a Peer could not have Counsel, but on
Points of Law. |
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4. That his own Examinations taken without
Oath, might be read against him; but the |
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Examinations of
others must be upon Oath. |
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5.
That the Wife, in case of a Rape, being the Party wronged, may be Evidence
against her |
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Husband. |
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6. That where one stood mute in a Rape he might
have his Clergy; but not in Buggery. |
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7. That to denominate the Offence a Rape, there
must be Penetration. |
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8. That the Lords Triers might eat and drink
before they agreed; but could not separate, or |
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adjourn, till
they gave their Verdict. |
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9. That a Peer could not be convicted by less
than twelve Peers. |
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10. That if a Prisoner stood mute in an Appeal,
he must be hanged; for that it was an Attainder. |
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11. That a Peer standing mute in an Indictment,
might be pressed to Death. |
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12. That the Lord High Steward, after a
Verdict, might take Time to advise upon a Point of Law; |
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and his Office
continued until Judgment given. |
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'It was resolved also, That if a Woman was a
Whore, she might however be ravished: But it was |
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a
good Plea for the Man, that she was his Concubine. And that, if a Man took a
Maid by Force, |
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and ravished her, and she afterwards gave her
Consent, and married him, this would not purge |
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the Offence, but it was still a Rape. |
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'The
said several Indictments being certified, and brought into Court, and the
Prisoner |
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commanded to the Bar, the Evidence was
produced: And first, the Examination of the Lady |
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Audley, as to the Rape, who deposed, that her
Lord (the Prisoner) called his servant |
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Brodway, into his Bed while she was asleep:
That she waked, and made all the Resistance she |
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could; but his Lordship held both her Hands,
and one of her Legs, till Brodway lay with her: |
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That, as soon as she got from him, she would
have killed herself with a Knife, and that Brodway |
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forced it from her. Brodway's Examination also
was read, who confessed, that his Lordship called |
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him into his Bed, and bid him lie with his
Lady; and, that he did lie with her, whilst his Lord held |
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one of her Legs and both her hands. |
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'As to the Sodomy, Brodway deposed, That the
Earl used his Body as the Body of a Woman; |
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but never pierced it, only emitted between his
Thighs. |
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'Fitz-Patrick, another Servant, deposed, That
his Lord had twice committed Sodomy with him |
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(the Deponent); That Henry Skipwith, another
Servant, had lain with the Lady Audley, by his |
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Lord's Command, and in his Presence: But the
Lady, in her Examination, says, she cried out, and |
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that Skipwith did not lie with her. |
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'The Lady Audley also deposed, That the first
or second Night after she was married, her Lord |
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called
Ampthill (who had been his Page, and to whom he had married his Daughter) to
his |
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Bedside, and said, Now her body was his, and,
if she loved him, she must love Ampthill: That |
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he made Skipwith come naked into his Chamber;
and delighted to call in his Men-servants, and |
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shew her their Nudities, recommending the
largest to her. |
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'Skipwith also deposed, That his Lord made him
lie with the young Lady Audley, his Son's Wife, |
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who was then but twelve Years of Age: That he
could not enter her at first, and the Lord Audley |
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fetched Oil to open her Body, but she cried
out, and he could not enter her yet; then his Lord |
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ordered Oil to be brought a second Time, and
the Deponent entered her. |
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'The young Lady also deposed, That the Lord
Audley saw Skipwith lie with her several Times; |
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and, that nine Servants of the Family also had
seen it: That she had no other Maintenance |
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than what she had from Skipwith; and that,
among other Arguments the Prisoner used to make |
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her lie with Skipwith, he told her her Husband
did not love her; and threatened to turn her out |
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of Doors, if she would not: Adding, that he
would tell her Husband she did, if she did not; and |
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confirmed the Circumstance, of their using Oil
to penetrate her Body. |
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'Fitz-Patrick also deposed, That his Lordship
kept a Whore in the House; and, that he made four |
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or five of his Servants lie with her in his
Presence; and his Lordship lay with her in their Sight. |
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'The Judges' Opinion being demanded on some
Parts of the Evidence, resolved, That it was |
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Buggery within the Statute, where the Body is
used so far as to emit thereon, without Penet- |
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ration: And so, where there was an Emission
upon a Woman's Belly, it ought to be adjudged a |
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Rape:
And that in a Rape a Woman is not limited to any Time to make her Complaint,
if the |
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Process be by Indictment; but in an Appeal she is. |
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'The Lord Audley, in his Defence, said, That
his Wife's Testimony ought not to be regarded, |
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since she had confessed her lying with Brodway.
To which it was answered, he could not urge |
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that Fact in his Defence, since he had forced
her to suffer it. Then he said, that his Wife and |
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his Servants were not competent Witnesses; and
that they were put upon practicing against |
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him by his Son, who fought his Life: Adding,
That his Wife had been false to his Bed, and had a |
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Child in his Absence; and then made
Protestations of his Innocence. But Woe to that Man (he |
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said) whose Wife and Servants should be
admitted Witnesses against him, and whose Son |
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conspired
his Death! His Son was now come of Age, and wanted his Lands, and his Wife
a |
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young Husband, now he was grown old, and had
therefore plotted his Destruction. |
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'The Lords Triers having been withdrawn some
Time, returned, and were unanimous in their |
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Opinion, that the Prisoner was GUILTY of the
Rape: But as to the Sodomy, eleven of his Peers |
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were of Opinion, that he was NOT GUILTY, and
sixteen declared him GUILTY; which Difference |
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of Opinion seems to have arisen from the
Evidence that Brodway gave, that the Lord emitted |
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between his Thighs, but never penetrated him. |
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'Judgment was afterwards passed upon the
Prisoner, that he should be hanged: However he |
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obtained the Favour of being [be]headed; when
he professed himself perfectly innocent of |
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the Crimes he was charged with. |
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'The Lord Audley's two Servants, Lawrence
Fitz-Patrick and Giles Brodway, were brought to |
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their Trials, the first for Sodomy, and the
other for a Rape, June 27, 1631; when Fitz-Patrick's |
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Confession was produced against him, as
Evidence of his having committed Sodomy with his |
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Lord;
and the Jury desired to be informed, if the Person who suffered the Buggery
to be |
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committed upon him, could be said to commit
Buggery, as the Words of the Statute were. To |
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which the Lord Chief Justice answered, That
every Accessory to a Felony, was a Felon in Law: |
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And the Prisoner voluntarily prostituting his
Body, when he was not only of Understanding and |
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Years,
to know the Heinousness of the Offence, but of Strength to resist his Lord,
he was |
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guilty of Buggery. |
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The Prisoner in his Defence insisted, That the
Evidence he had given for the King, at his |
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Lord's Trial, ought not to be produced against
him at a Trial for the same Fact: But the Court |
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answered, it might; and that it was sufficient
to convict him: Whereupon the Jury found him |
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GUILTY. |
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'At Brodway's Trial the Lady Audley appeared in
Court, and gave the same Evidence of the |
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Prisoner's
committing a Rape upon her, while her Husband held her, as she had done at
her |
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Lord's Trial: And the Court demanding, whether
the Prisoner entered her Body, when he forced |
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her, she answered, He did; and she intended to
have expressed as much at the Lord Audley's |
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Trial: And Brodway having confessed as much
before, the Jury found him guilty; and they were |
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both [Broadway and Fitzpatrick] hanged,
confessing the Facts at their Executions.' |
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