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PEERAGE |
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Last updated 16/03/2022 |
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Date |
Rank |
Order |
Name |
Born |
Died |
Age |
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FABER |
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29 Dec 1905 |
B |
1 |
Edmund Beckett Faber |
9 Feb 1847 |
17 Sep 1920 |
73 |
to |
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Created Baron Faber 29 Dec 1905 |
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17 Sep 1920 |
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MP for Andover 1901-1905 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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FAIRFAX OF CAMERON |
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18 Oct 1627 |
B[S] |
1 |
Sir Thomas Fairfax |
1560 |
2 May 1640 |
79 |
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Created Lord Fairfax of Cameron |
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18 Oct 1627 |
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2 May 1640 |
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2 |
Ferdinando Fairfax |
29 Mar 1584 |
12 Mar 1648 |
63 |
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MP for Boroughbridge 1640 and Yorkshire |
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1641-1648 |
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12 Mar 1648 |
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3 |
Thomas Fairfax |
17 Jan 1612 |
12 Nov 1671 |
59 |
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MP for Yorkshire 1660-1661 |
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12 Nov 1671 |
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4 |
Henry Fairfax |
20 Dec 1631 |
9 Apr 1688 |
56 |
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MP for Yorkshire 1678-1688 |
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9 Apr 1688 |
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5 |
Thomas Fairfax |
16 Apr 1657 |
6 Jan 1710 |
52 |
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MP for Malton 1685-1687 and Yorkshire |
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1689-1702 and 1707 |
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6 Jan 1710 |
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6 |
Thomas Fairfax |
1692 |
12 Mar 1782 |
89 |
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12 Mar 1782 |
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7 |
Robert Fairfax |
1707 |
15 Jul 1793 |
86 |
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MP for Maidstone 1740-1754 and Kent |
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1754-1761 |
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15 Jul 1793 |
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8 |
Bryan Fairfax |
1737 |
7 Aug 1802 |
65 |
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7 Aug 1802 |
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9 |
Thomas Fairfax |
1762 |
21 Apr 1846 |
83 |
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21 Apr 1846 |
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10 |
Charles Snowden Fairfax |
8 Mar 1829 |
4 Apr 1869 |
40 |
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4 Apr 1869 |
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11 |
John Contee Fairfax |
13 Sep 1830 |
28 Sep 1900 |
70 |
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28 Sep 1900 |
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12 |
Albert Kirby Fairfax |
23 Jun 1870 |
4 Oct 1939 |
69 |
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For further information on this peer's successful |
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claim to the title in 1908,see the note at the |
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foot of this page |
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4 Oct 1939 |
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13 |
Thomas Brian McKelvie Fairfax |
14 May 1923 |
8 Apr 1964 |
40 |
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8 Apr 1964 |
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14 |
Nicholas John Albert Fairfax [Elected hereditary |
4 Jan 1956 |
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peer 2015-] |
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FAIRFAX OF EMLEY |
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10 Feb 1629 |
V[I] |
1 |
Sir Thomas Fairfax |
1574 |
23 Dec 1636 |
62 |
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Created Viscount Fairfax of Emley |
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10 Feb 1629 |
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23 Dec 1636 |
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2 |
Thomas Fairfax |
c 1604 |
24 Sep 1641 |
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24 Sep 1641 |
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3 |
William Fairfax |
6 Jun 1620 |
1648 |
28 |
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1648 |
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4 |
Thomas Fairfax |
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25 Feb 1651 |
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25 Feb 1651 |
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5 |
Charles Fairfax |
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6 Jul 1711 |
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Lord Lieutenant N Riding Yorkshire 1687-1688 |
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6 Jul 1711 |
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6 |
Charles Fairfax |
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23 Oct 1715 |
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23 Oct 1715 |
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7 |
Charles Fairfax |
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6 Jan 1719 |
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6 Jan 1719 |
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8 |
William Fairfax |
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18 Nov 1738 |
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18 Nov 1738 |
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9 |
Charles Gregory Fairfax |
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20 Jan 1772 |
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to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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20 Jan 1772 |
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FAIRFIELD |
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1 Feb 1939 |
B |
1 |
Sir Frederick Arthur Greer |
1 Oct 1863 |
4 Feb 1945 |
81 |
to |
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Created Baron Fairfield 1 Feb 1939 |
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4 Feb 1945 |
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Lord Justice of Appeal 1927-1938. PC 1927 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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FAIRFORD |
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28 Aug 1772 |
V |
1 |
Wills Hill,1st Earl of Hillsborough [I] |
30 May 1718 |
7 Oct 1793 |
75 |
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Created Viscount Fairford and Earl of |
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Hillsborough [GB] 28 Aug 1772 |
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He was subsequently created Marquess of |
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Downshire (qv) with which title these |
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peerages then merged |
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FAIRHAVEN |
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20 Mar 1929 |
B |
1 |
Urban Huttleston Broughton |
31 Aug 1896 |
20 Aug 1966 |
69 |
to |
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Created Baron Fairhaven 20 Mar 1929 |
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20 Aug 1966 |
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and 25 Jul 1961 |
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25 Jul 1961 |
B |
1 |
For details of the special remainder included in the |
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creation
of the Barony of 1961,see the note at the |
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foot of this page |
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For information as to the reason for the creation |
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of
two peerages,see the note at the foot of |
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this page |
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On his death the creation of 1929 became |
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extinct
whilst the creation of 1961 |
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passed to - |
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20 Aug 1966 |
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2 |
Henry Rogers Broughton |
1 Jan 1900 |
6 Apr 1973 |
73 |
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6 Apr 1973 |
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3 |
Ailwyn Henry George Broughton |
16 Nov 1936 |
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FAIRHEAD |
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19 Oct 2017 |
B[L] |
1 |
Rona Alison Fairhead |
28 Aug 1961 |
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Created Baroness Fairhead for life 19 Oct 2017 |
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FAIRLIE OF FAIRLIE |
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23 Jul 1897 |
B |
1 |
David Boyle,7th Earl of Glasgow |
31 May 1833 |
13 Dec 1915 |
82 |
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Created Baron Fairlie of Fairlie 23 Jul 1897 |
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see "Glasgow" |
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FAITHFULL |
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26 Jan 1976 |
B[L] |
1 |
Lucy Faithfull |
26 Dec 1910 |
13 Mar 1996 |
85 |
to |
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Created Baroness Faithfull for life 26 Jan 1976 |
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13 Mar 1996 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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FALCONER |
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20 Dec 1646 |
B[S] |
1 |
Sir Alexander Falconer |
c 1595 |
1 Oct 1671 |
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Created Lord Falconer 20 Dec 1646 |
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1 Oct 1671 |
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2 |
Alexander Falconer |
17 Jun 1620 |
4 Mar 1684 |
63 |
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4 Mar 1684 |
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3 |
David Falconer |
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Feb 1724 |
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Feb 1724 |
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4 |
Sir Alexander Falconer,2nd baronet |
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17 Mar 1727 |
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17 Mar 1727 |
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5 |
David Falconer |
May 1681 |
24 Sep 1751 |
70 |
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24 Sep 1751 |
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6 |
Alexander Falconer |
c 1707 |
5 Nov 1762 |
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5 Nov 1762 |
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7 |
William Falconer |
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12 Dec 1776 |
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12 Dec 1776 |
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8 |
Anthony Adrian Keith-Falconer,later [1778] |
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5th Earl of Kintore |
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30 Aug 1804 |
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30 Aug 1804 |
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9 |
William Keith-Falconer,6th Earl of Kintore |
11 Dec 1766 |
6 Oct 1812 |
45 |
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6 Oct 1812 |
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10 |
Anthony Adrian Keith-Falconer,7th Earl of |
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Kintore |
20 Apr 1794 |
11 Jul 1844 |
50 |
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11 Jul 1844 |
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11 |
Francis Alexander Keith-Falconer,8th Earl of |
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Kintore |
7 Jun 1828 |
18 Jul 1880 |
52 |
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18 Jul 1880 |
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12 |
Algernon Hawkins Thomond Keith-Falconer, |
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9th Earl of Kintore |
12 Aug 1852 |
3 Mar 1930 |
77 |
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3 Mar 1930 |
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13 |
Arthur George Keith-Falconer,10th Earl of |
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to |
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Kintore |
5 Jan 1879 |
25 May 1966 |
87 |
25 May 1966 |
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On his death the peerage became dormant |
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FALCONER OF THOROTON |
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14 May 1997 |
B[L] |
1 |
Charles Leslie Falconer |
19 Nov 1951 |
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Created Baron Falconer of Thoroton for life |
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14 May 1997 |
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Solicitor General 1997-1998. Lord Chancellor |
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2003-2007 PC 2003 |
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FALKENDER |
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11 Jul 1974 |
B[L] |
1 |
Marcia Matilda Falkender |
10 Mar 1932 |
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Created Baroness Falkender for life 11 Jul 1974 |
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FALKLAND |
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14 Nov 1620 |
V[S] |
1 |
Sir Henry Cary |
c 1575 |
25 Sep 1633 |
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Created Lord
Carye and Viscount of |
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Falkland 14 Nov 1620 |
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MP for Hertfordshire 1614-1622. |
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25 Sep 1633 |
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2 |
Lucius Cary |
1610 |
20 Sep 1643 |
33 |
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MP for Newport
1640. Secretary of |
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State 1642 |
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20 Sep 1643 |
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3 |
Lucius Cary |
5 Jul 1632 |
17 Sep 1649 |
17 |
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17 Sep 1649 |
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4 |
Henry Cary |
21 Nov 1634 |
2 Apr 1663 |
28 |
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MP for Arundel 1660,Oxford 1660 and Oxfordshire |
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1661-1663. Lord Lieutenant Oxford 1660-1663 |
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PC [I] 1662 |
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2 Apr 1663 |
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5 |
Anthony Cary |
15 Feb 1656 |
24 May 1694 |
38 |
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MP for Oxfordshire 1685-1687,Great Marlow |
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1689-1690 and Great Bedwyn 1690-1694 |
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Treasurer of the Navy 1681-1689. First |
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Lord of the Admiralty 1693-1694. PC 1692 |
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24 May 1694 |
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6 |
Lucius Henry Cary |
27 Aug 1687 |
31 Dec 1730 |
43 |
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31 Dec 1730 |
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7 |
Lucius Charles Cary |
c 1707 |
27 Feb 1785 |
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27 Feb 1785 |
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8 |
Henry Thomas Cary |
27 Feb 1766 |
28 May 1796 |
30 |
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28 May 1796 |
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9 |
Charles John Cary |
Nov 1768 |
2 Mar 1809 |
40 |
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2 Mar 1809 |
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10 |
Lucius Bentinck Cary |
5 Nov 1803 |
12 Mar 1884 |
80 |
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Created Baron Hunsdon 15 May 1832 |
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Governor of Nova Scotia 1840-1846 and |
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Bombay 1848-1853.
PC 1837 |
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12 Mar 1884 |
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11 |
Plantagenet Pierrepont Cary |
8 Sep 1806 |
1 Feb 1886 |
79 |
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1 Feb 1886 |
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12 |
Byron Plantagenet Cary |
3 Apr 1845 |
10 Jan 1922 |
76 |
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10 Jan 1922 |
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13 |
Lucius Plantagenet Cary |
23 Sep 1880 |
24 Jul 1961 |
80 |
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24 Jul 1961 |
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14 |
Lucius Henry Charles Plantagenet Cary |
25 Jan 1905 |
16 Mar 1984 |
79 |
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16 Mar 1984 |
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15 |
Lucius Edward William Plantagenet Cary |
8 May 1935 |
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[Elected hereditary peer 1999-] |
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FALKNER OF MARGRAVINE |
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2 Jun 2004 |
B[L] |
1 |
Kishwer Falkner |
9 Mar 1955 |
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Created
Baroness Falkner of Margravine |
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for life 2 Jun 2004 |
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FALL |
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22 Oct 2015 |
B[L] |
1 |
Catherine Susan Fall |
2 Oct 1967 |
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Created Baroness Fall for life 22 Oct 2015 |
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FALMOUTH |
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17 Mar 1665 |
E |
1 |
George Berkeley,1st Viscount Fitzhardinge |
11 Jan 1630 |
3 Jun 1665 |
35 |
to |
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|
Created Baron Botetourt of Langport |
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3 Jun 1665 |
|
|
and Earl of Falmouth 17 Mar 1665 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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1 Oct 1674 |
V |
1 |
George Fitzroy |
28 Dec 1665 |
3 Jul 1716 |
50 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron of Pontefract, |
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|
|
3 Jul 1716 |
|
|
Viscount Falmouth and Earl of |
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|
Northumberland 1 Oct 1674 and Duke |
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of Northumberland 6 Apr 1683 |
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Illegitimate son of Charles II. Lord |
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Lieutenant Surrey 1702-1714. KG 1684 |
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PC 1713 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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|
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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9 Jun 1720 |
V |
1 |
Hugh Boscawen |
c 1680 |
25 Oct 1734 |
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Created Baron of Boscawen-Rose and |
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Viscount Falmouth 9 Jun 1720 |
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MP for Tregony 1702-1705, Cornwall 1705- |
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1710,Truro 1710-1713 and Penryn 1713- |
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1720. PC 1714 PC [I] by 1731 |
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25 Oct 1734 |
|
2 |
Hugh Boscawen |
20 Mar 1707 |
4 Feb 1782 |
74 |
|
|
|
MP for Truro 1727-1734
PC 1756 |
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4 Feb 1782 |
|
3 |
George Evelyn Boscawen |
6 May 1758 |
11 Feb 1808 |
49 |
|
|
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PC 1790 |
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11 Feb 1808 |
|
4 |
Edward Boscawen |
10 May 1787 |
29 Dec 1841 |
54 |
14 Jul 1821 |
E |
1 |
Created Earl of Falmouth 14 Jul 1821 |
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MP for Truro 1807-1808 |
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29 Dec 1841 |
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5 |
George Henry Boscawen |
8 Jul 1811 |
29 Aug 1852 |
41 |
to |
|
2 |
MP for Cornwall West 1841 |
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29 Aug 1852 |
|
|
On his death the Earldom became extinct |
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whilst the Viscountcy passed to - |
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29 Aug 1852 |
|
6 |
Evelyn Boscawen |
18 Mar 1819 |
6 Nov 1889 |
70 |
|
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|
|
6 Nov 1889 |
|
7 |
Evelyn Edward Thomas Boscawen |
24 Jul 1847 |
1 Oct 1918 |
71 |
|
|
|
He subsequently succeeded as 18th Lord |
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|
Despencer (qv) in 1891 |
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1 Oct 1918 |
|
8 |
Evelyn Hugh John Boscawen |
5 Aug 1887 |
18 Feb 1962 |
74 |
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18 Feb 1962 |
|
9 |
George Hugh Boscawen |
31 Oct 1919 |
7 Mar 2022 |
102 |
|
|
|
Lord Lieutenant Cornwall 1977-1994 |
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7 Mar 2022 |
|
10 |
Evelyn Arthur Hugh Boscawen |
13 May 1955 |
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FALVESLEY |
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20 Aug 1383 |
B |
1 |
Sir John de Falvesley |
|
c 1392 |
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to |
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|
Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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|
|
c 1392 |
|
|
Falvesley 20 Aug 1383 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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FANE |
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22 Apr 1718 |
V[I] |
1 |
Charles Fane |
30 Jan 1676 |
4 Jul 1744 |
68 |
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|
|
Created Baron
Loughguyre and |
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|
Viscount Fane 22 Apr 1718 |
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|
PC [I] 1718 |
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4 Jul 1744 |
|
2 |
Charles Fane |
after 1708 |
24 Jan 1766 |
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to |
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|
MP for
Tavistock 1734-1747 and Reading |
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24 Jan 1766 |
|
|
1754-1761 |
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|
Peerages extinct on his death |
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FANHOPE |
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17 Jul 1433 |
B |
1 |
Sir John Cornwall |
|
1 Dec 1443 |
|
to |
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|
Created Baron of Fanhope 17 Jul 1433 |
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1443 |
|
|
KG 1410 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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FANSHAWE |
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|
|
5 Sep 1661 |
V[I] |
1 |
Sir Thomas Fanshawe |
c 1596 |
30 Mar 1665 |
|
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|
|
Created Viscount Fanshawe 5 Sep 1661 |
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|
|
MP for Lancaster 1625 and Hertford 1640 |
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|
and 1660 |
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30 Mar 1665 |
|
2 |
Thomas Fanshawe |
17 Jun 1632 |
19 May 1674 |
41 |
|
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|
19 May 1674 |
|
3 |
Evelyn Fanshawe |
9 Aug 1669 |
10 Oct 1687 |
18 |
|
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|
10 Oct 1687 |
|
4 |
Charles Fanshawe |
6 Feb 1643 |
28 Mar 1710 |
67 |
|
|
|
MP for Mitchell 1689 |
|
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|
|
28 Mar 1710 |
|
5 |
Simon Fanshawe |
1648 |
23 Oct 1716 |
68 |
to |
|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
|
|
|
23 Oct 1716 |
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|
FANSHAWE OF RICHMOND |
|
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|
27 Sep 1983 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Anthony Henry Fanshawe Royle |
27 Mar 1927 |
28 Dec 2001 |
74 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron Fanshawe of Richmond for life |
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|
|
28 Dec 2001 |
|
|
27 Sep 1983 |
|
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|
MP for Richmond 1959-1983 |
|
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|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
|
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|
FAREHAM |
|
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|
19 Aug 1673 |
E[L] |
1 |
Louise Renee de Penancort de Keroualle |
c 1647 |
14 Nov 1734 |
|
to |
|
|
Created Baroness Petersfield,Countess of |
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|
|
14 Nov 1734 |
|
|
Fareham and
Duchess of Portsmouth |
|
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|
|
for life 19 Aug 1673 |
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|
|
Mistress of Charles II |
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|
Peerages extinct on her death |
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|
FARINGDON |
|
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|
|
24 Jan 1916 |
B |
1 |
Sir Alexander Henderson,1st baronet |
28 Sep 1850 |
17 Mar 1934 |
83 |
|
|
|
Created Baron Faringdon 24 Jan 1916 |
|
|
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|
|
MP for Stafford West 1898-1906 and St. |
|
|
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|
|
|
Georges,Hanover Square 1913-1916 CH 1917 |
|
|
|
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|
|
17 Mar 1934 |
|
2 |
Alexander Gavin Henderson |
20 Mar 1902 |
29 Jan 1977 |
74 |
|
|
|
For further information on this peer,see the note |
|
|
|
|
|
|
at the foot of this page |
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
29 Jan 1977 |
|
3 |
Charles Michael Henderson |
3 Jul 1937 |
|
|
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|
|
FARMER |
|
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|
|
5 Sep 2014 |
B[L] |
1 |
Michael Stahel Farmer |
17 Dec 1944 |
|
|
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|
|
Created Baron Farmer for life 5 Sep 2014 |
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|
FARNBOROUGH |
|
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|
|
8 Jul 1826 |
B |
1 |
Charles Long |
29 Jan 1760 |
17 Jan 1838 |
77 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron
Farnborough |
|
|
|
17 Jan 1838 |
|
|
8 Jul 1826 |
|
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|
|
MP for Rye 1789-1796,Midhurst 1796-1802, |
|
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|
|
Wendover
1802-1806, and Haslemere 1806-1826 |
|
|
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|
|
PC 1802 PC [I] 1805 |
|
|
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|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
|
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|
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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|
|
11 May 1886 |
B |
1 |
Sir Thomas Erskine May |
8 Feb 1815 |
17 May 1886 |
71 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron
Farnborough |
|
|
|
17 May 1886 |
|
|
11 May 1886 |
|
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|
|
PC 1884 |
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|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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|
FARNHAM |
|
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|
|
6 May 1756 |
B[I] |
1 |
John Maxwell |
1687 |
6 Aug 1759 |
72 |
|
|
|
Created Baron Farnham 6 May 1756 |
|
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|
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6 Aug 1759 |
|
2 |
Robert Maxwell |
c 1720 |
16 Nov 1779 |
|
13 May 1763 |
E[I] |
1 |
Created Viscount Farnham 10 Sep 1760 |
|
|
|
to |
|
|
and Earl of Farnham 13 May 1763 |
|
|
|
16 Nov 1779 |
|
|
MP for Taunton 1754-1768
PC [I] 1760 |
|
|
|
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|
|
On his death the Earldom and the |
|
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|
|
Viscountcy
became extinct whilst the |
|
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|
|
Barony passed to - |
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|
16 Nov 1779 |
|
3 |
Barry Maxwell |
1723 |
7 Oct 1800 |
77 |
22 Jun 1785 |
E[I] |
1 |
Created Viscount Farnham 10 Jan 1781 |
|
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|
|
and Earl of Farnham 22 Jun 1785 |
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|
|
PC [I] 1796 |
|
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|
|
7 Oct 1800 |
|
4 |
John James Maxwell |
5 Feb 1760 |
23 Jul 1823 |
63 |
to |
|
2 |
On his death the Earldom and the |
|
|
|
23 Jul 1823 |
|
|
Viscountcy
became extinct whilst the |
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|
|
Barony passed to - |
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|
|
23 Jul 1823 |
|
5 |
John Maxwell-Barry |
18 Jan 1767 |
20 Sep 1838 |
71 |
|
|
|
MP for Cavan 1806-1823. PC [I] 1809 |
|
|
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|
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|
|
20 Sep 1838 |
|
6 |
Henry Maxwell |
1774 |
19 Oct 1838 |
64 |
|
|
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|
|
19 Oct 1838 |
|
7 |
Henry Maxwell |
9 Aug 1799 |
20 Aug 1868 |
69 |
|
|
|
MP for Cavan 1824-1838
KP 1845 |
|
|
|
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|
|
For further information on this peer, see the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
note at the foot of this page. |
|
|
|
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|
|
20 Aug 1868 |
|
8 |
Somerset Richard Maxwell |
18 Oct 1803 |
4 Jun 1884 |
80 |
|
|
|
MP for Cavan 1838-1840 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
4 Jun 1884 |
|
9 |
James Pierce Maxwell |
1813 |
26 Oct 1896 |
83 |
|
|
|
MP for Cavan 1843-1865 |
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
26 Oct 1896 |
|
10 |
Somerset Henry Maxwell |
7 Mar 1849 |
22 Nov 1900 |
51 |
|
|
|
Lord Lieutenant Cavan July-Dec 1900 |
|
|
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|
|
|
For further information on this peer, see the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
note at the foot of this page. |
|
|
|
|
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|
|
22 Nov 1900 |
|
11 |
Arthur Kenlis Maxwell |
2 Oct 1879 |
5 Feb 1957 |
77 |
|
|
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|
|
5 Feb 1957 |
|
12 |
Barry Owen Somerset Maxwell |
7 Jul 1931 |
22 Mar 2001 |
69 |
|
|
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|
|
22 Mar 2001 |
|
13 |
Simon Kenlis Maxwell |
12 Dec 1933 |
|
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|
FARQUHAR |
|
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|
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30 Nov 1922 |
E |
1 |
Sir Horace Brand Farquhar,1st baronet |
18 May 1844 |
30 Aug 1923 |
79 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron Farquhar 20 Jan 1898, |
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|
|
30 Aug 1923 |
|
|
Viscount Farquhar 21 Jun 1917 and |
|
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|
|
Earl Farquhar 30 Nov 1922 |
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|
MP for Marylebone West 1895-1898 PC 1907 |
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|
Peerages extinct on his death |
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FARRER |
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|
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22 Jun 1893 |
B |
1 |
Sir Thomas Henry Farrer,1st baronet |
24 Jun 1819 |
11 Oct 1899 |
80 |
|
|
|
Created Baron Farrer 22 Jun 1893 |
|
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|
|
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|
|
11 Oct 1899 |
|
2 |
Thomas Cecil Farrer |
25 Oct 1859 |
12 Apr 1940 |
80 |
|
|
|
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|
|
12 Apr 1940 |
|
3 |
Cecil Claude Farrer |
8 May 1893 |
11 Mar 1948 |
54 |
|
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|
|
11 Mar 1948 |
|
4 |
Oliver Thomas Farrer |
5 Oct 1904 |
24 Jan 1954 |
49 |
|
|
|
|
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|
|
24 Jan 1954 |
|
5 |
Anthony Thomas Farrer |
22 Apr 1910 |
16 Dec 1964 |
54 |
to |
|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
|
|
|
16 Dec 1964 |
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|
|
FARRINGTON OF RIBBLETON |
|
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|
|
29 Sep 1994 |
B[L] |
1 |
Josephine Farrington |
29 Jun 1940 |
30 Mar 2018 |
77 |
to |
|
|
Created Baroness Farrington of |
|
|
|
30 Mar 2018 |
|
|
Ribbleton for life 29 Sep 1994 |
|
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|
|
Peerage extinct on her death |
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|
FAUCONBERG |
|
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|
|
23 Jun 1295 |
B |
1 |
Walter de Fauconberg |
|
1 Nov 1304 |
|
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|
|
Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
|
|
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|
|
Fauconberg 23 Jun 1295 |
|
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|
1 Nov 1304 |
|
2 |
Walter de Fauconberg |
1264 |
31 Dec 1318 |
54 |
|
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|
|
31 Dec 1318 |
|
3 |
John de Fauconberg |
24 Jun 1290 |
17 Sep 1349 |
59 |
|
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|
|
17 Sep 1349 |
|
4 |
Walter de Fauconberg |
1319 |
29 Sep 1362 |
43 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
29 Sep 1362 |
|
5 |
Thomas de Fauconberg |
20 Jul 1345 |
9 Sep 1407 |
62 |
to |
|
|
On his death the peerage fell into |
|
|
|
9 Sep 1407 |
|
|
abeyance |
|
|
|
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|
|
3 Aug 1429 |
|
6 |
Joan Fauconberg |
18 Oct 1406 |
1490 |
83 |
to |
|
|
She married
William Nevill who was |
|
|
|
9 Jan 1463 |
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summoned to Parliament as Lord Fauconberg |
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in her right 3 Aug 1429. He was later created Earl |
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of Kent in 1461 (qv) |
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On his
death in 1463 the peerage fell |
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into abeyance |
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29 Sep 1903 |
|
7 |
Marcia Amelia Mary Anderson-Pelham, Baroness |
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Conyers in her own right [13th in line] |
18 Oct 1863 |
17 Nov 1926 |
63 |
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Abeyance terminated in her favour 1903 |
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For information on this termination, see the |
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note at the foot of this page |
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17 Nov 1926 |
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8 |
Sackville George Pelham,later [1936] 5th Earl of |
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to |
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Yarborough |
17 Dec 1888 |
7 Feb 1948 |
59 |
7 Feb 1948 |
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On his
death the peerage again fell into |
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abeyance |
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17 May 2012 |
|
9 |
Diana Mary Miller |
5 Jul 1920 |
2 Mar 2013 |
82 |
to |
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On the death of her younger sister and co-heir |
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2 Mar 2013 |
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on 17 May 2012,the abeyance automatically |
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terminated in her favour. On her death in March |
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2013 the peerage again fell into abeyance |
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FAUCONBERG |
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31 Jan 1643 |
V |
1 |
Sir Thomas Belasyse,2nd baronet |
1577 |
18 Apr 1652 |
74 |
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Created Baron
Fauconberg 25 May |
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1627 and
Viscount Fauconberg 31 Jan |
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1643 |
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MP for Thirsk 1597-1598,1621-1622 and |
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1624-1625 |
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18 Apr 1652 |
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2 |
Thomas Belasyse |
16 Mar 1628 |
31 Dec 1700 |
72 |
9 Apr 1689 |
E |
1 |
Created Earl Fauconberg 9 Apr 1689 |
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to |
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Lord
Lieutenant Durham 1660-1661 and |
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31 Dec 1700 |
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N Riding Yorkshire 1660-1687 and 1689-1692 |
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PC 1679 |
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On his death the Earldom became extinct |
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whilst the Viscountcy passed to - |
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31 Dec 1700 |
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3 |
Thomas Belasyse |
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26 Nov 1718 |
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26 Nov 1718 |
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4 |
Thomas Belasyse |
27 Apr 1699 |
4 Feb 1774 |
74 |
16 Jun 1756 |
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1 |
Created Earl Fauconberg 16 Jun 1756 |
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4 Feb 1774 |
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5 |
Henry Belasyse |
13 Apr 1743 |
23 Mar 1802 |
58 |
to |
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2 |
MP for Peterborough 1768-1774. Lord |
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23 Mar 1802 |
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Lieutenant N Riding Yorkshire 1778-1802 |
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On his death the Earldom became extinct |
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whilst the Viscountcy passed to - |
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23 Mar 1802 |
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6 |
Rowland Belasyse |
12 Feb 1745 |
30 Nov 1810 |
65 |
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30 Nov 1810 |
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7 |
Charles Belasyse |
7 May 1750 |
24 Jun 1815 |
65 |
to |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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24 Jun 1815 |
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FAULKNER |
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7 Feb 1977 |
B[L] |
1 |
Arthur Brian Deane Faulkner |
18 Feb 1921 |
3 Mar 1977 |
56 |
to |
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Created Baron Faulkner for life 7 Feb 1977 |
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3 Mar 1977 |
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PC [NI] 1959 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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FAULKNER OF WORCESTER |
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14 Jul 1999 |
B[L] |
1 |
Richard Oliver Faulkner |
22 Mar 1946 |
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Created Baron Faulkner of Worcester for life |
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14 Jul 1999 |
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FAULKS |
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21 Jul 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Edward Peter Lawless Faulks |
19 Aug 1950 |
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Created Baron Faulks for life 21 Jul 2010 |
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FEARN |
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11 Jul 2001 |
B[L] |
1 |
Ronald Cyril Fearn |
6 Feb 1931 |
24 Jan 2022 |
91 |
to |
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Created Baron Fearn for life 11 Jul 2001 |
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24 Jan 2022 |
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MP for Southport 1987-1992 and 1997-2001 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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FEATHER |
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6 Mar 1974 |
B[L] |
1 |
Victor Grayson Hardie Feather |
10 Apr 1908 |
28 Jul 1976 |
68 |
to |
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Created Baron Feather for life 6 Mar 1974 |
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28 Jul 1976 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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FEATHERSTONE |
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20 Oct 2015 |
B[L] |
1 |
Lynne Choona Featherstone |
20 Dec 1951 |
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Created
Baroness Featherstone for life |
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20 Oct 2015 |
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MP for Hornsey and Wood Green 2005-2015 |
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PC 2014 |
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FEILDING |
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14 Sep 1622 |
V |
1 |
William Feilding |
c 1582 |
8 Apr 1643 |
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Created Baron of Newnham Paddockes |
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and Viscount Feilding 30 Dec 1620 and |
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Earl of Denbigh 14 Sep 1622 |
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See "Denbigh" |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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7 Nov 1622 |
B[I] |
1 |
George Feilding |
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31 Jan 1665 |
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Created Baron Feilding and Viscount |
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Callan 7 Nov 1622 |
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He succeeded to the Earldom of Desmond |
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(qv) in 1628 |
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FELDMAN |
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15 Jan 1996 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Basil Samuel Feldman |
23 Sep 1923 |
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Created Baron Feldman for life 15 Jan 1996 |
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FELDMAN OF ELSTREE |
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17 Dec 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Andrew Simon Feldman |
25 Feb 1966 |
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Created Baron Feldman of Elstree for life |
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17 Dec 2010 |
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PC 2015 |
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FELLOWES |
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12 Jul 1999 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Robert Fellowes |
11 Dec 1941 |
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Created Baron Fellowes for life 12 Jul 1999 |
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PC 1990 |
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FELLOWES OF WEST STAFFORD |
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12 Jan 2011 |
B[L] |
1 |
Julian Alexander Kitchener-Fellowes |
17 Aug 1949 |
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Created Baron Fellowes of West Stafford for |
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life 12 Jan 2011 |
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FELTON |
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8 Jan 1313 |
B |
1 |
Robert de Felton |
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24 Jun 1314 |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Felton 8 Jan 1313 |
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24 Jun 1314 |
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2 |
John de Felton |
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after 1325 |
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to |
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On his death the peerage is presumed to |
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after 1325 |
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have become extinct |
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FENTOUN |
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18 Mar 1606 |
V[S] |
1 |
Thomas Erskine |
1566 |
12 Jun 1639 |
72 |
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Created Lord Dirletoun c 1602, |
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Viscount Fentoun 18 Mar 1606 and |
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Earl of Kellie 12 Mar 1619 |
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See "Kellie" |
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FERMANAGH |
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16 Jun 1703 |
V[I] |
1 |
Sir John Verney,2nd baronet |
5 Nov 1640 |
23 Jun 1717 |
76 |
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MP for Buckinghamshire 1710-1715 and |
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Amersham 1715-1717 |
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Created
Baron Verney and Viscount of |
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the County of Fermanagh 16 Jun 1703 |
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23 Jun 1717 |
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2 |
Ralph Verney |
18 Mar 1683 |
4 Oct 1752 |
69 |
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MP for Amersham 1717-1727 and Wendover |
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1741-1752 |
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He was created Earl Verney (qv) in 1743 |
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with which title this peerage then merged |
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until its extinction in 1791 |
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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13 Jun 1792 |
B[I] |
1 |
Mary Verney |
21 Oct 1737 |
15 Nov 1810 |
73 |
to |
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Created Baroness Fermanagh |
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15 Nov 1810 |
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13 Jun 1792 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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FERMANAGH OF LISNASKEA |
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13 Jan 1876 |
B |
1 |
John Crichton,3rd Earl of Erne |
30 Jul 1802 |
3 Oct 1885 |
83 |
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Created Baron Fermanagh of Lisnaskea |
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13 Jan 1876 |
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See "Erne" |
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FERMOY |
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c 1461 |
V[I] |
1 |
David Roche |
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c 1485 |
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Recognized as Vicount Roche of |
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Fermoy c 1461 |
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c 1485 |
|
2 |
Maurice Roche |
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c 1515 |
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c 1515 |
|
3 |
David Roche |
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1539 |
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1539 |
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4 |
Maurice Roche |
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c 1560 |
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c 1560 |
|
5 |
David Roche |
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1582 |
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1582 |
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6 |
Maurice Roche |
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24 Oct 1600 |
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24 Oct 1600 |
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7 |
David Roche |
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22 Mar 1635 |
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22 Mar 1635 |
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8 |
Maurice Roche |
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1670 |
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1670 |
|
9 |
David Roche |
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1681 |
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1681 |
|
10 |
John Roche |
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c 1694 |
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c 1694 |
|
11 |
David Roche |
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1703 |
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1703 |
|
12 |
Ulick Roche |
|
1733 |
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to |
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On his death the peerage is presumed to |
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1733 |
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have become extinct |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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10 Sep 1856 |
B[I] |
1 |
Edmond Burke Roche |
Aug 1815 |
17 Sep 1874 |
59 |
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Created Baron Fermoy 10 Sep 1856 |
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MP for co.Cork 1837-1855 and Marylebone |
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1859-1865. Lord Lieutenant Cork 1857-1874 |
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17 Sep 1874 |
|
2 |
Edward Fitzgerald Burke Roche |
23 May 1850 |
1 Sep 1920 |
70 |
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1 Sep 1920 |
|
3 |
James Boothby Burke Roche |
28 Jul 1852 |
30 Oct 1920 |
68 |
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MP for Kerry East 1896-1900 |
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|
For further information on this peer, see the |
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|
note at the foot of this page |
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30 Oct 1920 |
|
4 |
Edmund Maurice Burke Roche |
15 May 1885 |
8 Jul 1955 |
70 |
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|
MP for King's Lynn 1924-1935 and 1943-1945 |
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8 Jul 1955 |
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5 |
Edmund James Burke Roche |
20 Mar 1939 |
19 Aug 1984 |
45 |
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19 Aug 1984 |
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6 |
Patrick Maurice Burke Roche |
11 Oct 1967 |
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|
FERRARD |
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22 Nov 1797 |
V[I] |
1 |
Margaretta Amelia Foster |
1736 |
20 Jan 1824 |
87 |
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|
Created Baroness Oriel of Collon |
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|
5 Jun 1790 and Viscountess Ferrard |
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22 Nov 1797 |
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20 Jan 1824 |
|
2 |
Thomas Henry Skeffington |
by Jan 1772 |
18 Jan 1843 |
71 |
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MP for Drogheda 1807-1812 and Louth |
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1822-1824. PC [I]
1809 |
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He succeeded as Baron Oriel of Ferrard in 1828 |
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18 Jan 1843 |
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3 |
John Skeffington |
30 Nov 1812 |
28 Apr 1863 |
50 |
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He had succeeded to the Viscountcy of |
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Massereene (qv) with which title this |
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peerage then merged and still remains so |
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FERRARD OF BEAULIEU |
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9 Oct 1715 |
B[I] |
1 |
Sir Henry Tichborne,1st baronet |
1663 |
3 Nov 1731 |
68 |
to |
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Created Baron Ferrard of Beaulieu |
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3 Nov 1731 |
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9 Oct 1715 |
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PC [I] 1714 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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FERRERS |
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3 Sep 1711 |
E |
1 |
Robert Shirley,13th Baron Ferrers of Chartley |
20 Oct 1650 |
25 Dec 1717 |
67 |
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Created
Viscount Tamworth and Earl |
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Ferrers 3 Sep 1711 |
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Lord Lieutenant Staffordshire Sep-Nov 1687 |
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PC 1698 |
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25 Dec 1717 |
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2 |
Washington Shirley |
22 Jun 1677 |
14 Apr 1729 |
51 |
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Lord Lieutenant Stafford 1725-1729 |
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14 Apr 1729 |
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3 |
Henry Shirley |
14 Nov 1691 |
6 Aug 1745 |
53 |
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Lord Lieutenant Stafford 1731-1742 |
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6 Aug 1745 |
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4 |
Lawrence Shirley |
18 Aug 1720 |
5 May 1760 |
39 |
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For further information on this peer, who was |
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hanged for murder, see the note at the foot of |
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this page |
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5 May 1760 |
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5 |
Washington Shirley |
26 May 1722 |
11 Oct 1778 |
56 |
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11 Oct 1778 |
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6 |
Robert Shirley |
18 Jul 1723 |
17 Apr 1787 |
63 |
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17 Apr 1787 |
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7 |
Robert Shirley |
25 Sep 1756 |
2 May 1827 |
70 |
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2 May 1827 |
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8 |
Washington Shirley |
13 Nov 1760 |
2 Oct 1842 |
81 |
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2 Oct 1842 |
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9 |
Washington Sewallis Shirley |
3 Jan 1822 |
13 Mar 1859 |
37 |
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For
further information of this peer, see the |
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note at the foot of this page |
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13 Mar 1859 |
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10 |
Sewallis Edward Shirley |
24 Jan 1847 |
26 Jul 1912 |
65 |
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26 Jul 1912 |
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11 |
Walter Knight Shirley |
5 Jun 1864 |
2 Feb 1937 |
72 |
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2 Feb 1937 |
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12 |
Robert Walter Shirley |
7 Jul 1894 |
11 Oct 1954 |
60 |
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11 Oct 1954 |
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13 |
Robert Washington Shirley |
8 Jun 1929 |
13 Nov 2012 |
83 |
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PC 1982 [Elected hereditary peer 1999-2012] |
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13 Nov 2012 |
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14 |
Robert William Saswalo Shirley |
29 Dec 1952 |
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FERRERS OF CHARTLEY |
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6 Feb 1299 |
B |
1 |
John de Ferrers |
20 Jun 1271 |
1325 |
54 |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Ferrers of Chartley 6 Feb 1299 |
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1325 |
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2 |
Robert de Ferrers |
1310 |
28 Aug 1350 |
40 |
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28 Aug 1350 |
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3 |
John de Ferrers |
1329 |
2 Apr 1367 |
37 |
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2 Apr 1367 |
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4 |
Robert de Ferrers |
1360 |
12 Mar 1413 |
52 |
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12 Mar 1413 |
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5 |
Edmund Ferrers |
1389 |
17 Dec 1435 |
46 |
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17 Dec 1435 |
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6 |
William Ferrers |
1412 |
9 Jun 1450 |
37 |
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9 Jun 1450 |
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7 |
Anne Devereux |
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She married Walter Devereux who was |
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summoned to parliament as Lord Ferrers |
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in her right. KG 1472. He died 22 Aug 1485 |
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22 Aug 1485 |
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8 |
John Devereux |
1463 |
7 May 1501 |
37 |
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7 May 1501 |
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9 |
Walter Devereux,later [1550] 1st Viscount Hereford |
1491 |
27 Feb 1558 |
66 |
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27 Feb 1558 |
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10 |
Walter Devereux,1st Earl of Essex |
16 Sep 1541 |
22 Sep 1576 |
35 |
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22 Sep 1576 |
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11 |
Robert Devereux,2nd Earl of Essex |
10 Nov 1567 |
25 Feb 1601 |
33 |
to |
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he was attainted and the peerage |
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25 Feb 1601 |
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forfeited |
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18 Apr 1604 |
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12 |
Robert Devereux,3rd Earl of Essex |
22 Jan 1591 |
14 Sep 1646 |
55 |
to |
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Restored to the peerages 1604. On his |
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14 Sep 1646 |
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death the peerage fell into abeyance |
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14 Dec 1677 |
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13 |
Robert Shirley,later [1711] 1st Earl Ferrers |
20 Oct 1650 |
25 Dec 1717 |
67 |
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Abeyance terminated in his favour 1677 |
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25 Dec 1717 |
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14 |
Elizabeth Compton |
19 Aug 1694 |
13 Mar 1741 |
46 |
to |
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On her death the peerage again fell into |
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13 Mar 1741 |
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abeyance |
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1749 |
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15 |
Charlotte Townshend |
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14 Sep 1770 |
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Abeyance terminated in her favour 1749 |
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14 Sep 1770 |
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16 |
George Townshend,later [1807] 2nd Marquess |
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Townshend |
18 Apr 1755 |
27 Jul 1811 |
56 |
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27 Jul 1811 |
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17 |
George Ferrars Townshend,3rd Marquess |
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to |
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Townshend |
13 Dec 1778 |
31 Dec 1855 |
77 |
31 Dec 1855 |
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On his death the peerage again fell into |
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abeyance |
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FERRERS DE GROBY |
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26 Sep 1300 |
B |
1 |
William Ferrers |
1270 |
20 Mar 1325 |
54 |
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Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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Ferrers de Groby 26 Sep 1300 |
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20 Mar 1325 |
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2 |
Henry Ferrers |
1303 |
15 Sep 1343 |
40 |
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15 Sep 1343 |
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3 |
William Ferrers |
28 Feb 1333 |
6 Jan 1372 |
38 |
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6 Jan 1372 |
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4 |
Henry Ferrers |
16 Feb 1356 |
3 Feb 1388 |
31 |
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3 Feb 1388 |
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5 |
William Ferrers |
25 Apr 1373 |
18 May 1445 |
72 |
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18 May 1445 |
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6 |
Elizabeth Grey |
1419 |
c 1460 |
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c 1460 |
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7 |
John Grey |
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28 feb 1461 |
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28 Feb 1461 |
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8 |
Thomas Grey |
1451 |
26 Apr 1501 |
49 |
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He was created Marquess of Dorset (qv) |
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1475 with which title this peerage then |
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merged |
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FERRIER |
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24 Sep 1958 |
B[L] |
1 |
Victor Ferrier Noel-Paton |
29 Jan 1900 |
4 Jun 1992 |
92 |
to |
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Created Baron Ferrier for life 24 Sep 1958 |
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4 Jun 1992 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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FETHARD |
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5 Jun 1695 |
B[I] |
1 |
John Vaughan |
c 1670 |
5 Apr 1721 |
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Created Baron Fethard and Viscount |
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Lisburne 5 Jun 1695 |
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See "Lisburne" |
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Albert Kirby Fairfax, 12th Lord Fairfax of
Cameron |
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The 11th Lord Fairfax of Cameron died in
September 1900, at which time his son, Albert Kirby |
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Fairfax, inherited the title. It was not until
1908, however, that the 12th Lord was able to |
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establish his claim to the title, after the
Committee for Privileges of the House of Lords had |
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examined his claim. The following report of the
Committee's decision appeared in 'The Times' of |
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18 November 1908:- |
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'[After
a lengthy description of the membership of the Committee and the process to
be |
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undertaken] The claimant claims to be the 12th
Lord Fairfax and was born on June 23, 1870. He |
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is
the eldest son of John Contee, the 11th lord who, like most of his
predecessors, was a |
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citizen of the United States, and has been
naturalized in this country. |
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'Mr. Woollaston [Bluemantle Puirsuivant at the
Heralds' College and counsel for the claimant] |
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detailed
the steps of succession. The first peer was Sir Thomas Fairfax of Denton, in
the |
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county
of York, who by letters patent dated October 18, 1627, was created Lord
Fairfax of |
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Cameron
to hold to him and the heirs of his body. He died in 1640. The second
peer, |
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Ferdinando,
was a general in the Parliamentary army and fought at Naseby and Marston
Moor, |
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dying
in 1647 [1648]. The third, Thomas, was general-in-chief of that army, and
assisted |
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Monck
in the restoration of the Monarchy, dying in 1671. The sixth lord, also
Thomas, settled |
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in Virginia and died in 1781 [1782] unmarried.
He was succeeded by his brother Robert, who for |
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some
time sat in Parliament for Maidstone and died without issue in 1793. Bryan,
eighth Lord |
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Fairfax, was a clergyman and proved his title to
the peerage before a Committee for Privileges |
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in
1800. As evidence of his marriage with his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter of
Colonel Wilson |
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Cary, of Culys, Virginia, a monumental
inscription in Ivy-hill Cemetery, Alexandria, Virginia, was |
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proved
by a certified copy. He died at the age of 75, but the year is not given
either of his or |
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his
wife's death; but the inscription states that Thomas, his eldest son, died in
1846, aged 84. |
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A copy of the will of Wilson Cary, referring to
his "daughter Elizabeth" and "Bryan Fairfax her |
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husband,"
was produced. The evidence in support of Bryan's death in August, 1802,
consisted |
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of the probate of his will in September and a
certified extract from the Baltimore Federal |
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Gazette of 13 August,
1802, stating the death to have been on "Monday, the 7th inst., at |
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Mount
Eagle near Cameron." Thomas, the ninth lord, who died in 1846, left an
eldest son, |
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Albert,
born in 1802, who predeceased his father, dying in 1835, and his son Charles
Snowden, |
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born
in 1829, grandson of the ninth earl [sic], died in 1869. The evidence was of
a secondary |
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character,
among it extracts from the Fairfax family Bible and a copy of a
monumental |
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inscription
in Rock Creek Cemetery, Washington, where, after the dates March 8, 1829,
and |
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April 4, 1869, of the birth and death, the words
are added:- |
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"Brave, gallant and gifted, |
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He was the tenth Lord Fairfax, Baron |
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Of Cameron, in the Peerage of Scotland, |
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But he preferred to be |
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An American Gentleman." |
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'Charles Snowden Fairfax married in 1855 Ada
Benham, and the certificate was produced of the |
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marriage and a certified copy of the monumental
inscription at Rock Creek Cemetery. A number |
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of
original letters were also put in evidence. The 11th peer was Charles
Snowden's brother, |
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John Contee, father of the claimant, who was
born September 13, 1830, and died September |
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28, 1900. |
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'Mr. John Barrett, a barrister, of New York, was
called, and stated that no systematic records |
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of births, marriages, and deaths were kept in
the United States before 1880. In the Southern |
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States particularly there was great carelessness
on the part of officials and clergy. There was |
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no
legal requirement before 1851. In the United States parish registers were
receivable as |
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evidence and marriage could be established, as
in Scotland, by repute. |
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'Mr. Wilson Cary, a cousin of the claimant,
stated that he was born in 1838, and was a cavalry |
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officer
during the Civil War and served on the staff of General Lee. He had practised
at the Bar |
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from 1887 to 1897 and was well versed in the law
of Maryland. His father's sister married a |
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brother
of the ninth lord. Greatly interested in records, he had made search among
the |
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surviving
records, which were here and there intact, but mostly in confusion. The
Bishop of |
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Virginia had collected parish registers; but no
records of Fairfax marriages had been discovered. |
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After
the Civil War there was great confusion and much destruction. In effect there
were no |
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registers
before 1853. The monument to Bryan Lord Fairfax was erected about 1860 by
a |
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daughter
of the ninth lord, his aunt. The witness gave further evidence with respect
to the |
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documentary
evidence and the Fairfax family Bible. William, brother of George
Washington, |
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married a daughter of the fifth Lord Fairfax. |
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'Miss
Caroline Snowden, a Sister of Mercy at Folkestone, who was descended from
Thomas, |
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the ninth Lord Fairfax, gave evidence of the
family history of her own knowledge and |
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remembered the birth of the present claimant. |
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'The
Attorney-General and the Lord Advocate had no opposition to make on behalf of
the |
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Crown. The recent family history had been
elucidated by the last witness. |
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'On the motion of the Lord Chancellor, the claim
was allowed.' |
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Urban Huttleston Broughton, 1st Baron Fairhaven
(creations of 1929 and 1961) |
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The following article, which appeared in 'The
Observer' of 21 August 1966 following the death of |
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Lord Fairhaven, explains why two separate
baronies were created:- |
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'The death, announced yesterday, of 69-year-old
Lord Fairhaven, the racehorse-owner and |
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landowner, is a reminder of the England which
existed before Harold Wilson came to Downing |
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Street and heredity and wealth ceased to count
in the honours system. |
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'Lord Fairhaven's father, Mr. Urban Broughton,
was an engineer who went to the United States |
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at the age of 30, made a large fortune in copper
and married the daughter of a Standard Oil king. |
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'After 25 years, he returned to England and
within a year or two was the Conservative MP for |
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Preston. He was a personal friend of Bonar Law
and a strong supporter of Baldwin. |
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'In 1929, the outgoing Baldwin Government
planned to give him a barony. But he died before he |
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could receive it. So, as if he had received it,
his widow was given special permission to call |
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herself Lady Fairhaven - the name of her
Massachusetts home - and her younger son was given |
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the rank of the younger son of a baron - i.e. an Hon. |
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'These courtesy titles, in case of sudden death,
are uncommon but not without precedent. Much |
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more unusually, at the same time, Mr.
Broughton's elder son, then only 33, was created the |
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first Lord Fairhaven. |
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'The years passed, and it was realised that the
title would die with Lord Fairhaven, who was a |
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bachelor, for his brother could not succeed
because his father had never held the title. |
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'So, in 1961, when Mr. Macmillan was Prime
Minister, Lord Fairhaven was made a baron all over |
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again, this time with special remainder to his
younger brother, Major the Hon. Henry Rogers |
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Broughton, 65, who now succeeds to this second
barony, the first becoming extinct.' |
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The entry in the "London Gazette" of
25 July 1961 (issue 42421, page 5506) reads as follows:- |
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"The Queen has been pleased by Letters
Patent under the Great Seal of the Realm, bearing date |
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the 25th instant, to confer the dignity of a
Barony of the United Kingdom unto Urban Huttleston |
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Rogers,
Baron Fairhaven, by the name, style and title of Baron Fairhaven, of Anglesey
Abbey in |
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the County of of Cambridge, to hold to him and
the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten; and |
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in default of such issue with remainder to his
younger brother Henry Rogers Broughton (commonly |
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called the Honourable Henry Rogers Broughton)
and to the heirs male of his body lawfully |
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begotten." |
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Alexander Gavin Henderson, 2nd Baron Faringdon |
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Reference to Burke's Peerage will reveal that
Alexander Gavin Henderson, later 2nd Baron |
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Faringdon, married, on 2 June 1927, Honor
Chedworth Phillipps, daughter of Baron Kylsant. |
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The wedding was notable for two reasons -
firstly, the events which occurred at Henderson's |
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'bucks' night,' and, secondly, the theft or
forging of invitations to the wedding service. Henderson |
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was prosecuted as a result of the events at the
bucks' party, as reported in the "Irish Times" of |
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5 August 1927:- |
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"It has often been said of young men that
they are not likely to set the Thames on fire, but |
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you have before you today a young man who
actually accomplished it." |
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'This statement was made at Henley Police Court
yesterday by Mr. Gerald Dodson, who appeared |
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on behalf of the Thames Conservancy Board to
prosecute Mr. Gavin Henderson, summoned for |
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causing
oil to pass into the Thames near Henley, and setting the oil alight during a
bachelor's |
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party which he gave on the eve of his marriage
to the Hon. Honor Phillipps, daughter of Lord and |
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Lady Kylsant, on June 2. |
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'Mr. Henderson is the eldest son of the late
Colonel the Hon. Harold Henderson, and grandson and |
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heir of Lord Faringdon. There were four summonses. |
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'The case for the prosecution, as stated by
counsel, was that Mr. Henderson gave a dinner party |
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at the Phyllis Court Club on the eve of his
marriage. There were about 30 guests, and after the |
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dinner some of the party procured a quantity of
petrol, poured it into the Thames and set it on |
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fire. |
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"There were flames which could be seen for
a considerable distance, and attracted the attention |
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of
a police sergeant," said counsel. "The flames scorched the front of
the brickwork and the |
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roses growing in front of Phyllis Court for a
distance, so far as one can judge, of about 20 yards, |
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and stretched over the river for a considerable
distance. When the social secretary went to |
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investigate he saw a number of guests on the
lawn. They were somewhat excited. Mr. Henderson |
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was
there." Mr. Dodson said that as an indication of the spirit of the
occasion, some of the |
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guests threw heavy garden seats into the river.
When the excitement subsided and the fire was |
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out
Mr. Henderson admitted to the social secretary that he was responsible, and
said he would |
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"pay for everything." In fact, he paid
for the petrol used. |
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'When the police sergeant arrived he learned
that Mr. Henderson had accepted full responsibility, |
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and no further inquiries were made, but on July
22 Mr. Henderson's solicitors wrote stating that |
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Mr. Henderson denied taking any part whatever in
ordering petrol to be put into the river and set |
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on fire. |
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"The
fire was so terrifying," said Captain J.A. Harvey, Social Secretary of
the Phyllis Court Club, |
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"that I rushed down to the riverside. I
found that all the shrubs, rose bushes and creepers on the |
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riverside were blazing. The flames were so high
that they burned the trees which stand about a |
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yard and a half from the riverside and only a
yard or two from the grandstand. |
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"There was a screen of flames in front of
the river, and it was impossible to tell how far the fire |
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extended, but there was no doubt that petrol was
burning behind the screen of flames because |
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of the density of the smoke. |
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"Fortunately there were no craft on the
river at the time. Silhouetted against the sheet of flame |
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I saw a lot of figures in evening dress." |
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'Mr.
Dodson - Did you notice anything about their behaviour? They were excited and
dancing, |
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and some of the members of the party were
throwing garden seats into the river. |
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'Mr. Henderson's defence,' said Mr. Roland
Oliver, 'is that he knew nothing about this business, |
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he did not authorise it, was not told that it
was going to happen, and is entirely innocent of |
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any participation in it. There is not a shred of
evidence against him. He was doing what I suppose |
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a good many other people do when they celebrate
their departure from the hard days of |
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bachelordom, giving a dinner at his own club,
and he has from the beginning felt morally bound |
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to
this club when this thing took place to see that the damage should be put
right. Any |
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gentleman whose guests misconducted themselves
would feel this responsibility, but before you |
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can find criminally liable you must find that he
organised it and took some part in it.' |
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'Mr. Gavin Henderson gave evidence. He said:
"I did not go to the garage, I did not order any |
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petrol, and I did not know that any of my guests
had done so. I was on the bank when the fire |
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started, and I had nothing to do with the fire.
The petrol burst into flame just as I arrived at |
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the bank." |
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'Did you realise that as a member of the club
you would have to pay for the damage? - Obviously. |
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The bill for the dinner, including the item for
the petrol, was a hundred guineas. He paid it by |
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cheque. |
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'Further evidence having been given, the
magistrates dismissed the charges.' |
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The wedding itself was thrown into confusion by
the theft or forgery of a number of invitations. |
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Some sources say that up to 80 false invitations
were sent to various people. The following is |
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taken from the 'Manchester Guardian' of 3 June
1927:- |
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'A
hoax, the extent of which is not yet fully known, was perpetrated in
connection with the |
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wedding of the Hon. Honor Chedworth Phillipps,
youngest daughter of Lord Kylsant, to Mr. Gavin |
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Henderson, which took place at St. Margaret's,
Westminster, yesterday. |
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'Bogus invitations to the wedding and to the
reception at Chelsea House, Cadogan Place, were |
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received by a number of theatrical
"stars" and certain charitable organisations, and it was when |
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these recipients who were otherwise engaged sent
messages of regret of inability to attend that |
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the hoax was discovered. |
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'The genuine invitations were sent from Lord and
Lady Kylsant's home in Wales at Easter, and by |
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Mr. Gavin Henderson about the same time. On
Wednesday night, however, at the Winter Garden |
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Theatre, Miss Norah Blaney and Mr. Mark Lester,
who are playing the principal parts in the |
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"Vagabond
King," received invitations to the wedding and reception. The cards were
in every |
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respect similar to the genuine invitations,
except that they were asked to bring the invitation |
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cards with them. |
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'Miss Annie Croft and Mr. Billy Merson, who are
playing the leading parts in "My Son John" at the |
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Shaftesbury Theatre, and Mr. Harry Welchman, the
leading man in "The Desert Song" at Drury |
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Lane Theatre, received similar invitations. A
certain Eastern legation received a bogus invitation. |
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Two charitable societies were
"invited," with a request that they should attend and collect at
St. |
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Margaret's, Westminster, and at the reception
afterwards. |
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'Fortunately
no embarrassment was caused at the wedding, with the exception that one |
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charitable institution did send a representative
to St. Margaret's to make a collection. Lady |
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Kylsant stated last night that although there
were people present whom she did not know |
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everybody who attended was treated as a guest.
They had had many messages and wires from |
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people whom they had no idea had been invited,
saying how sorry they were they could not |
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attend the wedding. It is believed that the
invitation cards had been stolen or obtained in some |
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other way.' |
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Henry Maxwell, 7th Baron Farnham |
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The 7th Baron, together with his wife and 31
others, was killed in a railway accident which |
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occurred at Abergele on the north coast of Wales
on 20 August 1868. Up until that time, |
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this accident was the worst rail disaster that
had ever occurred in Britain. |
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The
following account is summarised from L T C Rolt's fascinating book 'Red for
Danger; A |
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History of Railway Accidents and Railway Safety'
(Pan Books, 1978 edition). |
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On the morning of 20 August 1868, while the
Irish Mail was speeding north from Euston, a |
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goods
train left Crewe for Holyhead. Along the way, it picked up two wagons loaded
with |
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fifty casks of paraffin oil, weighing just under
8 tons. The goods train, consisting of 26 |
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empty and 17 loaded wagons reached the station
at Llandulas, the next station to the west |
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of Abergele, at 12.24 pm. The Irish Mail was due
to pass at 12.39 pm. Because the goods |
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train was so long, it obstructed the main line
and therefore had to divided into two sections. |
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The wagons containing the casks of paraffin oil
were left on the track for shunting into a side |
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line. During the shunting operation, a number of
other wagons cannoned into the stationary |
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wagons and caused the brakes to slip. As a
result, the wagons containing the paraffin oil |
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began to roll down the incline towards Abergele
Station, and despite efforts by the railwaymen |
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to
catch up with them, the runaway wagons soon disappeared out of sight around a
curve in |
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the tracks. |
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The Irish Mail had left Chester at 11.47 am. At
12.39 pm the train ran through Abergele Station |
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at about 40 mph. About one and three-quarter
miles west of Abergele, the driver of the Irish |
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Mail saw the runaway wagons but assumed they
were on the other line. By the time he realised |
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that
the wagons were on his line, it was too late. He saved himself by jumping out
of the |
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engine
but the wagons smashed into his train seconds later. The coals from the
engine's firebox |
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ignited the paraffin oil and the front coaches
of the Irish Mail became a roaring inferno, while |
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the rear coaches were quite undamaged and their
occupants unharmed. |
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There
were no survivors from the first two carriages. Indeed, the bodies were so
charred that |
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only three were able to be identified -
including Lady Farnham who was able to be identified by |
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some fused jewellery worn by her, and Lord
Farnham from a watch. Also aboard the train, but |
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travelling in the rear carriages, were the
Duchess of Abercorn and her family, and Viscount |
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Castlerosse
(heir to the Earldom of Kenmare) and his family, but none of these people
were |
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badly hurt. |
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Somerset Henry Maxwell, 10th Baron Farnham |
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The following article is extracted from 'The
Times' of 11 February 1899:- |
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'Before Mr Justice Johnson at the City
Commission [i.e. Dublin] yesterday, Joseph Hale and |
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his wife, Martha Hale, were charged with having
on December 10, 1897, unlawfully published |
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certain libels, in the form of a letter to Mr
Norris Goddard, solicitor, with intent thereby to |
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extort money from Lord Farnham, and also with
having threatened Mr Goddard, as solicitor |
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for Lord Farnham, to publish certain libellous
matter to the effect that the last true will of |
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the late Lord Farnham had been destroyed, and
that a forged and fraudulent document had |
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been substituted by the present Lord Farnham.
The male prisoner, who had been a servant in |
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the Farnham family since 1876, had been left an
annuity of £30 by the late Lord Farnham. Mr |
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Wright
QC, for the Crown, called Mr Norris Goddard and other witnesses to prove that
Mrs |
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Hale, on behalf of her husband, had written a
series of letters to Mr Goddard, stating that, in |
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addition to the legacy which they were
receiving, there were three other annuities in their |
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favour under an original will which had been
suppressed by the present Lord Farnham and by |
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Mr Goddard. In the year 1897 these demands
became intolerable, and on December 10 of that |
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year
a letter was sent by Hale to Mr Goddard stating that it was time he was
settled with, |
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that he did not intend to keep silence any
longer, that he had been unjustly treated, and was |
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determined to have what the late Lord Farnham
had left him. Under the circumstances nothing |
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remained for Lord Farnham but to invoke the aid
of the Criminal Court. Mr Nevinson, solicitor, |
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of Malvern, proved the authenticity of the filed
will of the late Lord Farnham. The jury found |
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the prisoners guilty, but owing to their
previous very good character and long service, |
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recommended them to mercy. Mr Justice Johnson
sentenced Joseph Hale to five months' |
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imprisonment and Martha Hale was discharged.' |
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The
year 1897 was not a good one for the 10th Baron. His son, Barry Somerset
Farnham, |
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was
killed in September when he fell off his bicycle during the festivities to
celebrate his |
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coming of age. |
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Marcia Amelia Mary Anderson-Pelham, 7th Baroness
Fauconberg in her own right |
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The abeyance of the barony of Fauconberg, which
had been in that state since 1463, was term- |
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inated
by the Committee for Privileges in 1903 as a result of a petition by Marcia
Amelia |
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Anderson-Pelham, Countess of Yarborough. The
following two reports outline the hearings before |
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the Committee; firstly the London "Daily
Telegraph" of 23 July 1903:- |
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'Today the Committee for Privileges of the House
of Lords is to assemble, and the order paper of |
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their lordships' House indicates that the first
business will be to deliver judgment in the claims |
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in regard to ancient baronies of Darcy (de
Knayth), Meinill, and Fauconberg. The arguments in |
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support of the claims were heard some months ago
before the committee, which was composed |
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of
the Earl of Morley (presiding), the Lord Chancellor [the Earl of Halsbury],
the Lords |
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Macnaghten, Davey, Robertson, and Lindley. The
claimants are the Countess of Yarborough (in |
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her own right Baroness Conyers) and the Countess
of Powis, co-heirs to the baronies of |
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Fauconberg, Darcy (de Knayth) and Meinill. |
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'The Barony of Fauconberg is said to be the
oldest in existence, having been created by writ in |
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1283 - the earliest date to which the creation
of a peerage has so far been assigned [the barony |
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of
De Ros dates from 1264]. These baronies have at times fallen into abeyance.
Such has been |
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the case with that of Fauconberg, for a
considerable period. The present petitioners now claim |
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that on the death of their father - the twelfth
Lord Conyers, fifteenth Lord Darcy, thirteenth Lord |
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Meinill
- they inherited an undivided moiety of these three baronies, and each one
half of the |
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entire moiety of the barony of Fauconberg. The
real point which their lordships have to decide |
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arises
in the early history of these peerages, and involves the consideration of
pedigree going |
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back for many centuries, as well as reference to
documents of the greatest antiquity. These |
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include summonses to the earliest gatherings to
which the term of "parliament"
has ever been |
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applied.
In support of the claim it was shown that Lord Fauconberg was commanded to
attend |
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the assembly which was held in Shrewsbury in
1283. It was summoned chiefly for the trial of |
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someone who had been captured [Dafydd ap
Gruffydd, the last independent Prince of Wales], |
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the enormities of which he had been guilty and
the kindness which the King had shown him being |
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set forth in the summons, which is the earliest
known. |
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'To another Parliament held at Lincoln in the
year 1300 Lord Fauconberg was also summoned, and |
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the proof of his presence is provided in an
ancient document of great historical interest. This is a |
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letter of which, as is supposed, the duplicate
originals are now in the possession of the Keeper of |
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Records
and Historical Manuscripts. It was addressed to the Pope, and the
circumstances which |
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led to its being drawn up were peculiar. The
Scots, after the Battle of Falkirk [22 July 1298] felt |
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that they were being placed in a state of
semi-subjection to King Edward I, and, casting about |
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them for some high authority to plead their
cause, they conceived the idea of appealing to the |
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then
Pope - Boniface [VIII]. The reply to that appeal, apparently, was not such as
they |
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expected. It was not addressed to the Scotch
people, but to King Edward I, and took the form |
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of
a Bull [Scimus Fili], in which his Holiness submitted numerous arguments
against the claims of |
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the
King to rule the Scots. It concluded by asserting that he (Boniface) was the
liege-lord of |
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Scotland. For some reason the Bull was delayed
in transmission - possibly because, as its tenor |
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would be displeasing to King Edward, the
ecclesiastic to whom it had been entrusted for delivery |
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waited
an opportunity to present it when his Majesty would be likely to receive it
with some |
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degree of calm. When finally presented,
according to Mr. Asquith, who stated the argument on |
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behalf of the petitioners, it created a great
tumult, and Edward at once summoned the Lincoln |
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Parliament
to consider the Papal claim. Thither Lord Fauconberg was bidden, and that he
did |
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attend is shown from the fact that his seal is
appended to the letter which at that assembly was |
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adopted
for presentation to the Pope. Neither original nor copies of this
communication can be |
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found in the archives of the Vatican, but in the
archives of the Chapter of Westminster were |
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discovered, not so very long ago, the duplicate
documents referred to. |
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'Sir H[enry] Maxwell-Lyte, Deputy-Keeper of the
Records, appeared before their lordships in the |
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course of the arguments, and produced the
duplicates, which are preserved in a large mahogany |
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box. For their better protection they are placed
under glass and separated with cotton-wool. In |
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another case which he submitted for inspection
are contained the seals of the signatories in the |
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order in which they are believed to have been
attached to the originals, the attaching ribbons |
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having in the course of years decayed. Both
these documents having been discovered in the |
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Westminster
archives, there is every probability that the ecclesiastic entrusted to
convey one |
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of
them to the Pope - the other no doubt being intended for retention in this
country - thought |
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it expedient to suppress it, realising that the
tenor of the letter repudiating the claim of the Pope |
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would be as displeasing to his Holiness as had
previously been to King Edward the Bull repudiating |
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the rights of that monarch. |
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'To their lordships Sir H. Maxwell-Lyte stated
that he had no doubt as to the authenticity of the |
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letter, the seals corresponding to the names of
the persons mentioned in it. The strictest invest- |
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igation had failed to discover any discrepancy
in this respect. The document of course, as the |
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decision of their lordships will no doubt
disclose, has a most important bearing on the question |
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under
consideration, because, if the Parliament at which it was drawn up was
regular, the |
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ancestor of the appellants attended as a baron,
and thus the title of Lord Fauconberg would take |
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precedence as regards antiquity to most other
titles in the United Kingdom.' |
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The decision of the Committee was reported in
the "Daily Telegraph" on the following day:- |
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'The
decision of the Committee for Privileges of the House of Lords given
yesterday in the claim |
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for
the revival of the ancient baronies of [Darcy] de Knayth, Meinill, and
Fauconberg was that |
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the Barony of Darcy de Knayth was allowed from
the date of a writ issued in the sixth year of |
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Edward III [i.e.1332] to the ancestor of the
petitioners. As to the Meinill barony, the Committee |
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held that it had not been proved that there had
been a sitting by any person under that title |
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in their lordships' House. The Fauconberg barony
they held must be allowed from the date of the |
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sitting of Parliament in the reign of Henry VI. |
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'The effect of this is that the Barony of Darcy
de Knayth is granted as claimed, and the Barony |
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of Meinill is not allowed, owing to there being
no proof of a sitting following upon the writ to |
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Nicholas Meinill. With regard to the Fauconberg
barony the claim was for a barony dating from |
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1283, and an endeavour was made to prove a
sitting by the barons' letter to the Pope, drawn |
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up under circumstances detailed in yesterday's Daily Telegraph. This was
disregarded by the |
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House as proof of a sitting, and the barony is
only granted from the date of a sitting in the |
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fourteenth year of the reign of Henry VI by
William Nevill, who married the heiress of the |
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Fauconbergs. This finding also appears to show
that a sitting of a husband of an heiress does |
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not give a barony to the descendants of the
heiress unless both writs and sitting in her ancestor |
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can be satisfactorily proved. The decision
presumably does not affect the authenticity of the |
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barons' letter to the Pope, the committee having
been content to revive the barony as at a later |
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date.' |
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James Boothby Burke Roche, 3rd Baron Fermoy |
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It
is not given to many people to have the dubious honour of reading their own
obituaries. In |
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the case of James Burke Roche, this honour
happened twice. |
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The first occasion was in 1879, when the
following report appeared in the 'New York Times' on |
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20 August:- |
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'Few who move in society in New York will read
the following telegram without knowing to whom |
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it refers, or will fail to express a hope that
he has not met the fate it indicates: |
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DENVER, Col., Aug. 19, 1879. |
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To C.C. Waite, Brevoort House: |
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Reported from Rocky Creek that the Hon. J.B. Roche has been killed by
Indians on the |
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Yellowstone River. Inform his party with you
now. A. SUMNER |
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'Sumner is an Indian scout who has safely
piloted many sportsmen through the Big Horn region. |
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At the Brevoort House he is well spoken of, and
for this reason little hope is entertained by Mr. |
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Roche's
personal friends that the story of his death is not well founded. The
gentleman in |
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question is the Hon. James Boothby Burke Roche,
second son of Baron Fermoy, of Ireland. He |
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was born in 1851 [sic], is a well-knit young
man, six feet tall, admirably schooled to move in |
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the world without giving offense. He was engaged
to be married to a daughter of Frank Work, |
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was an honorary member of the Knickerbocker and
Union Clubs, and had the entrée of every |
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society circle in this City. Mr. Roche first
came to America in August of last year. He went |
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west with M. Frewen and R. Frewen, of
Somersetshire, England, young men of high birth. The |
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Frewens
made large purchases of land, and wintered in the North-west. Mr. Roche
remained |
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with them until January last, when he returned
to New York. In February he went to England |
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and
returned here May 7 with his younger brother Alexis Charles [of whom more
below]. On |
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the 22nd of May they went to the Yellowstone
region to hunt, and there met the Frewens. The |
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party
referred to in the dispatch from the scout, Sumner, consists of Lieut. J.F.
Brocklehurst, of |
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the
Royal Horse Guards, and his wife; the Hon. Hugh Lowther, brother of the Earl
of Lonsdale, |
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and
his wife, Lady Grace, sister of the Marquis of Huntley [sic]; the Hon.
Charles Fitzwilliam, son |
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of
Earl Fitzwilliam and Capt. J.T. Hare, formerly of the British Army. These
distinguished persons |
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arrived
by the Scythia, and left immediately to join Mr. Roche's party, at Rock
Creek, near Fort |
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Fetterman, Wyoming Territory……. |
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'Mr. Roche was an ardent sportsman, and his
outfit for the Big Horn region, where he went to |
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hunt elk, black-tailed deer, antelope, and
buffalo, is spoken of as complete.' |
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Roche,
however, was not dead. Although a number of English papers picked up the
story in |
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the 'New York Times' which reported Roche's
supposed death, I have been unable to find any |
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subsequent newspaper reports about his survival.
In any event, he married his fiancée, Frances |
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Work
in September 1880, after which the couple sailed for England, where they
lived together |
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until
December 1886 and had four children, one of whom died in infancy. After 1886,
the |
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marriage failed, and Roche applied to his
father-in-law for sufficient money to pay his gambling |
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debts. This being refused, Roche travelled to
New York with his two (twin) sons, and allegedly |
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abandoned both infants on his father-in-law's
doorstep. In 1891, Frances sought, and was |
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granted, a divorce under the law of the American
state of Delaware. Five years later, in June |
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1896, Roche won a lawsuit against 'Burke's
Peerage' restraining the publication from including |
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an entry to the effect that he had been divorced
by his wife. There appears to have been |
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some doubt as to the efficacy of a divorce
granted in America as far as it related to a British |
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resident - certainly Roche appears to have never
accepted the Delaware court's decision. |
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In 1896, Roche was returned at a by-election for
the constituency of Kerry East, which he |
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represented until 1900. It was during this
period that Roche is supposed to have read his |
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obituary for the second time. According to a
report in the 'Chicago Daily Tribune' of 10 |
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October 1908 "James Burke Roche…..got lost
in the Klondike, while on the way from the |
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Canadian Pacific railroad to the Klondike gold
fields. His companions, after searching for him |
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for several days, found a skeleton which they,
rashly assuming it to be his, bore with much |
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difficulty to the nearest town, interred it in
the local cemetery, and set up a tombstone, |
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on which a long list of virtues were attributed
to him. Roche, who happened along in full life |
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some weeks later, saw the tombstone, caused it
to be photographed, and now carries about |
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its picture in his pocketbook as a post mortem
testimonial of his excellent character." Whilst |
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I have been unable to find any corroboration of
this story, contemporary newspaper reports |
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confirm that Roche was in the Klondike in late 1897. |
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Roche succeeded his brother as 3rd Baron Fermoy
on 1 September 1920. He enjoyed his title |
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for less than two months before he died on 30
October 1920. |
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For further information regarding Lord Fermoy's
younger brother, Alexis Charles Burke Roche, |
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see the note under Sir Timothy O'Brien in the
baronetage pages. |
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Lawrence Shirley, 4th Earl Ferrers |
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The following is extracted from 'The Newgate
Calendar'….. |
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'Laurence, Earl Ferrers, was descended of an
ancient and noble family. The royal blood of the |
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Plantagenets
flowed in his veins, and the Earl gained his title in the following manner.
The |
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second baronet of the family, Sir Henry Shirley,
married a daughter of the celebrated Earl of |
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Essex, who was beheaded in the reign of Queen
Elizabeth, and his son, Sir Robert Shirley, died |
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in the Tower, where he was confined during the
Protectorate, for his attachment to the cause |
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of the Stuarts. Upon the Restoration, the second
son of Sir Robert succeeded to the title and |
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estates,
and Charles, anxious to cement the bonds which attached his friends to
him, |
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summoned him to the Upper House of Parliament by
the title of Lord Ferrers of Chartley, as the |
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descendant of one of the co-heiresses of the
Earl of Essex; the title, which had existed since |
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the reign of Edward III, having been in abeyance
since the death of that unfortunate nobleman. |
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In the year 1711, Robert, Lord Ferrers, was
created by Queen Anne, Viscount Tamworth and |
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Earl Ferrers, and it appears that although the
estates of the family were very great, they were |
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vastly diminished by the provisions which the
Earl thought proper to make for his numerous |
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progeny, consisting of fifteen sons and twelve
daughters, born to him by his two wives. At the |
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death of the first Earl his title descended to
his second son, but he dying without issue it went |
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in
succession to the ninth son, who was childless, and the tenth son, who was
the father of |
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the Earl,
Laurence, the subject of the present sketch. |
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'This nobleman was married in the year 1752 to
the youngest daughter of Sir William Meredith; |
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but
although his general conduct, when sober, was not such as to be remarkable,
yet his |
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faculties were so much impaired by drink that,
when under the influence of intoxication, he |
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acted
with all the wildness and brutality of a madman. For a time his wife
perceived nothing |
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which induced her to repent the step she had
taken in being united to him, but he subsequently |
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behaved to her with such unwarrantable cruelty
that she was compelled to quit his protection, |
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and, rejoining her father's family, to apply to
Parliament for redress. An Act was in consequence |
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passed, allowing her a separate maintenance, to
be raised out of her husband's estate; and |
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trustees being appointed, the unfortunate Mr.
Johnson, who fell a sacrifice to the ungovernable |
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passion
of Lord Ferrers - having been bred up in the family from his youth, and
being |
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distinguished
for the regular manner in which he kept his accounts, and his fidelity as
a |
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steward - was proposed as receiver of the rents
for her use. He at first declined the office; but |
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subsequently, at the desire of the Earl himself,
consented to act, and continued in this |
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employment for a considerable time. |
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'His
lordship at this time lived at Stanton, a seat about two miles from
Ashby-de-la-Zouch, in |
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Leicestershire; and his family consisted of Mrs.
Clifford, a lady who lived with him, and her four |
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natural daughters, besides five men-servants,
exclusive of an old man and a boy, and three |
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maids. Mr. Johnson lived at the house belonging
to the farm, which he held under his lordship, |
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called the Lount, about half-a-mile distant from
Stanton. It appears that it was his custom |
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to visit his noble master occasionally, to
settle the accounts which were placed under his care; |
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but his lordship gradually conceived a dislike
for him, grounded upon the prejudice raised in his |
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mind on account of his being the receiver of the
Countess's portion, and charged him with |
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having combined with the trustees to prevent his
receiving a coal contract. From this time he |
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spoke of him in opprobrious terms, and said he
had conspired with his enemies to injure him, |
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and that he was a villain; and with these
sentiments he gave him warning to quit an |
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advantageous farm which he held under his
lordship. Finding, however, that the trustees under |
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the Act of separation had already granted him a
lease of it, it having been promised to him by |
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the Earl or his relations, he was disappointed,
and probably from that time he meditated a more |
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cruel revenge. |
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'On Sunday, the 13th of January, 1760, Earl
Ferrers went to the Lount, and, after discourse |
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with Mr. Johnson, ordered him to come to him at
Stanton on the Friday following, the 18th, |
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at three o'clock in the afternoon. His
lordship's usual dinner-hour was two o'clock, and soon |
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after that meal was disposed of, on the Friday,
he went to Mrs. Clifford, who was in the still- |
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house,
and desired her to take the children for a walk. She accordingly prepared
herself and |
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her daughters, and, with the permission of the
Earl, went to her father's, at a short distance |
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being directed to return at half-past five. The
men-servants were next dispatched on errands |
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by
their master, who was thus left in the house with the three females only. In
a short time |
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afterwards
Mr. Johnson came, according to his appointment, and was admitted by one of
the |
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maid-servants, named Elizabeth Burgeland. He
proceeded at once to his lordship's apartment, |
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but was desired to wait in the still-house; and
then, after the expiration of about ten minutes, |
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the Earl, calling him into his own room, went in
with him and locked the door. Being thus |
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together, the Earl required him first to settle
an account, and then, charging with the villainy |
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which
he attributed to him, ordered him to kneel down. The unfortunate man went
down on |
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one knee, upon which the Earl, in a tone of
voice loud enough to be heard by the maid- |
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servants
without, cried: "Down on your other knee! Declare that you have acted
against Lord |
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Ferrers. Your time is come - you must die."
Then suddenly drawing a pistol from his pocket, |
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which was loaded, he presented it and
immediately fired. The ball entered the body of the |
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unfortunate man, but he rose up, and entreated
that no further violence might be done him, |
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and the female servants at that time coming to
the door, being alarmed by the report, his |
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lordship quitted the room. A messenger was
immediately dispatched to Mr. Kirkland, a surgeon, |
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who lived at Ashby-de-la-Zouch; and Johnson
being put to bed, his lordship went to him and |
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asked him how he felt. He answered that was
dying, and desired that his family might be sent |
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for. Miss Johnson soon after arrived, and Lord
Ferrers immediately followed her into the room |
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where her father lay. He then pulled down the
clothes and applied a pledget [a small flat |
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absorbent pad], dipped in arquebusade water
[distilled water from a variety of aromatic plants, |
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often applied to gunshot wounds of that era], to
the wound, and soon after left him. |
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'From this time it appears that his lordship
applied himself to his favourite amusement - drinking - |
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until
he became exceedingly violent (for at the time of the commission of the
murder he is |
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reported to have been sober), and on the arrival
of Mr. Kirkland he told him that he had shot |
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Johnson,
but believed he was more frightened than hurt; that he had intended to shoot
him |
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dead, for that he was a villain, and deserved to
die; "but," said he, "now that I have spared his |
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life, I desire you to do what you can for
him." His lordship at the same time desired that he |
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would not suffer him to be seized, and declared
that if anyone should attempt it he would shoot |
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him. Mr. Kirkland told him that he should not be
seized, and directly went to the wounded man. |
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He
found the ball had lodged in his body, at which his lordship expressed great
surprise, |
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declaring that he had tried that pistol a few
days before and that it then carried a ball through |
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a deal board nearly an inch and a half thick.
Mr. Kirkland then went downstairs to prepare some |
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dressings, and my lord soon after left the room.
From this time, in proportion as the liquor |
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which
he continued to drink took effect, his passions became more tumultuous, and
the |
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transient fit of compassion, mixed with fear for
himself, which had excited him, gave way to |
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starts of rage and the predominance of malice.
He went up into the room where Johnson was |
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dying and pulled him by the wig, calling him a
villain, and threatening to shoot him through the |
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head;
and the last time he went to him he was with great difficulty prevented from
tearing the |
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clothes off the bed, that he might strike him. |
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'A proposal was made to him in the evening by
Mrs. Clifford that Mr. Johnson should be removed |
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to
his own house; but he replied: "He shall not be removed; I will keep him
here, to plague the |
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villain." He afterwards spoke to Miss
Johnson about her father, and told her that if he died he |
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would take care of her and the family, provided
they did not prosecute. |
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'When his lordship went to bed, which was
between eleven and twelve, he told Mr. Kirkland that |
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he
could, if he would, set the affair in such a light as to prevent his being
seized, desiring that |
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he might see him before he went away in the
morning, and declaring that he would rise at any |
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|
hour. Mr. Kirkland, however, was very solicitous
to get Mr. Johnson removed, and, as soon as |
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the
Earl had gone, he set about carrying his object into effect. He in
consequence went to |
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Lount and, having fitted up an easy-chair with
poles, by way of a sedan, and procured a guard, |
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returned at about two o'clock and carried Mr.
Johnson to his house, where he expired at about |
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nine o'clock on the following morning. |
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'The neighbours now began to take measures to
secure the murderer, and a few of them, |
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having
armed themselves, set out for Stanton; and as they entered the yard they saw
his |
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lordship, partly undressed, going towards the
stable, as if to take out a horse. One of them, |
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named
Springthorpe, then advancing towards his lordship with a pistol in his hand,
required him |
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to
surrender; but the latter putting his hand towards his pocket, his assailant,
imagining that |
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he was feeling for some weapon of offence,
stopped short, and allowed him to escape into the |
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house.
A great concourse of people by this time had come to the spot, and they cried
out |
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|
loudly that the Earl should come forth. Two
hours elapsed, however, before anything was seen |
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of him, and then he came to the garret window
and called out: "How is Johnson?" He was |
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answered that he was dead. But he said it was a
lie, and desired that the people should |
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disburse - and then he gave orders that they
should be let in and furnished with victuals and |
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drink, and finally he went away from the window,
swearing that no man should take him. The |
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mob still remained on the spot, and in about two
hours the Earl was descried by a collier, |
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named Curtis, walking on the bowling-green,
armed with a blunderbuss, a brace of pistols and |
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a dagger. Curtis, however, so far from being
intimidated by his bold appearance, walked up to |
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him; and his lordship, struck with the
resolution he displayed, immediately surrendered himself, |
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and gave up his arms, but directly afterwards
declared that he had killed the villain, and gloried |
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in the act. He was instantly conveyed in custody
to a public house at Ashby, kept by a man |
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named Kinsey, and a coroner's jury having
brought in a verdict of wilful murder against him, he |
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was on the following Monday committed to the
custody of the keeper of the jail at Leicester. |
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Being entitled, however, by his rank to be tried
before his peers, he was, about a fortnight |
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afterwards, conveyed to London, in his landau,
drawn by six horses, under a strong guard, and, |
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being
carried before the House of Lords, he was committed to the custody of the
Black Rod, |
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and ordered to the Tower, where he arrived at
about six o'clock on the evening of the 14th of |
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February. He is reported to have behaved, during
the whole journey and at his commitment, |
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with great calmness and propriety. He was
confined in the Round Tower, near the drawbridge; |
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two wardens were constantly in the room with
him, and one at the door, two sentinels were |
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posted
at the bottom of the stairs, and one upon the drawbridge, with their bayonets
fixed, |
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and from this time the gates were ordered to be
shut an hour sooner than usual |
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'During his confinement he was moderate both in
eating and drinking: his breakfast was a half- |
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pint basin of tea, with a small spoonful of
brandy in it, and a muffin; with his dinner he |
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generally drank a pint of wine and a pint of
water, and another pint of each with his supper. In |
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general his behaviour was decent and quiet,
except that he would sometimes suddenly start, |
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tear open his waistcoat, and use other gestures,
which showed that his mind was disturbed. |
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'Mrs. Clifford and the four young ladies, who
had come up with him from Leicestershire, took a |
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lodging in Tower Street, and for some time a
servant was continually passing with letters |
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between
them, but afterwards this correspondence was permitted only once a day.
Mrs. |
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Clifford
came three times to the Tower to see him, but was not admitted, but his
children were |
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suffered to be with him some time. |
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'On the 16th of April, having been a prisoner in
the Tower two months and two days, he was |
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brought to his trial, which continued until the
18th, before the House of Lords, assembled for |
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that
purpose. Lord Henley, Keeper of the Great Seal, having been created Lord High
Steward |
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upon
the occasion. The murder was easily proved to have been committed, and his
lordship |
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then
proceeded to enter upon his defence. He called several witnesses, the object
of whose |
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|
testimony was to show that the Earl was not of
sound mind, but none of them proved such an |
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insanity as made him not accountable for his
conduct. His lordship managed his defence himself |
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in such a manner as showed an uncommon
understanding: he mentioned the fact of his being |
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reduced
to the necessity of attempting to prove himself a lunatic, that we might not
be |
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deemed
a murderer, with the most delicate and affecting sensibility, and, when he
found that |
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his
plea could not avail him, he confessed that he made it only to gratify his
friends; that he |
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was
always averse to it himself, and that it had prevented what he had proposed,
and what |
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perhaps might have taken off the malignity at
least of the accusation. |
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'The Peers having in the usual form delivered
their verdict, of guilty, his lordship received |
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sentence to be hanged on Monday, the 21st of
April, and then to be anatomised, but, in |
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consideration of his rank, the execution of this
sentence was respited till Monday, the 5th of |
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May. During this interval he made a will, by
which he left one thousand, three hundred pounds |
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to Mr. Johnson's children, one thousand pounds
to each of his own four natural daughters, and |
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sixty pounds a year to Mrs. Clifford for life;
but this disposition of his property, being made |
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|
after his conviction, was not valid, although it
was said that the same, or nearly the same, |
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provision was afterwards made for the parties
named. |
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'In the meantime a scaffold was erected under
the gallows at Tyburn, and part of it, about a |
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yard square, was raised about eighteen inches
above the rest of the floor, with a contrivance |
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to
sink down upon a signal given, in accordance with the plan then invariably
adopted; the |
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whole being covered with black baize. On the
morning of the 5th of May, at about nine o'clock, |
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|
his lordship's body was demanded of the keeper
of the Tower, by the sheriffs of London and |
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Middlesex, and his lordship, being informed of
it, sent a message to the sheriffs, requesting |
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|
that he might be permitted to be conveyed to the
scaffold in his own landau, in preference to |
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the mourning-coach which was provided for him.
This being granted, his landau, drawn by six |
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horses, immediately drew up, and he entered it,
accompanied by Mr. Humphries, the Chaplain |
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of the Tower, who had been admitted to him that
morning for the first time. On the carriage |
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|
reaching the outer gate, the Earl was delivered
up to the sheriffs, and Mr. Sheriff Vaillant |
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|
entered the vehicle with him, expressing his
concern at having so melancholy a duty to |
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perform;
but his lordship said he "was much obliged to him, and took it kindly
that he |
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accompanied him." |
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'The
Earl was attired in a white suit, richly embroidered with silver, and when he
put it on he |
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said: "This is the suit in which I was
married, and in which I will die." The procession, being |
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|
now formed, moved forward slowly, the landau
being preceded by a considerable body of |
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Horse Grenadiers, and by a carriage containing
Mr. Sheriff Errington, and his under-sheriff, Mr. |
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Jackson, and being followed by the carriage of
Mr. Sheriff Vaillant, containing Mr. Nichols, his |
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under-sheriff, a mourning-coach and six,
containing some of his lordship's friends, a hearse- |
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and-six for the conveyance of his body to
Surgeon's Hall after execution, and another body |
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of military. The pace at which they proceeded,
in consequence of the density of the mob, was |
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|
so slow that his lordship was two hours and
three-quarters in his landau, but during that time |
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he appeared perfectly easy and composed, though
he often expressed his anxiety to have the |
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|
whole affair over, saying that the apparatus of
death and the passing through such crowds |
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|
were worse than death itself, and that he
supposed so large a mob had been collected because |
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|
the people had never seen a lord hanged before.
He told the sheriff that he had written to the |
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King to beg that he might suffer where his
ancestor, the Earl of Essex, had been executed, and |
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that he had had greater hopes of obtaining that
favour as he had the honour of quartering part |
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of the same arms, and of being allied to his
Majesty, but that he had refused, and he thought |
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it hard that he must die at the place appointed
for the execution of common felons. |
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'When his lordship had arrived at that part of
Holborn which is near Drury Lane he said he was |
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"thirsty,
and should be glad of a glass of wine-and-water," upon which the
sheriffs, |
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remonstrating with him, said that a stop for
that purpose would necessarily draw a greater |
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crowd about him, which might possibly disturb
and incommode him, yet, if his lordship still |
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desired
it, it should be done. He most readily answered; "That's true - I say no
more - let us |
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by no means
stop." |
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'When the landau advanced to the place of
execution his lordship alighted from it, and ascended |
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the
scaffold with the same composure and fortitude of mind he had exhibited from
the time he |
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left the Tower. Soon after he had mounted the
scaffold, Mr. Humphries asked his lordship if he |
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chose to say prayers, which he declined; but
upon his asking him if he did not choose to join |
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with him in the Lord's Prayer he readily
answered he would, for he always thought it a very fine |
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prayer. Upon which they knelt down together upon
two cushions covered with black baize, and |
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his lordship, with an audible voice, very
devoutly repeated the Lord's Prayer, and afterwards, |
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with great energy, ejaculated "Oh, God,
forgive me all my errors - pardon all my sins!" |
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His lordship, then rising, took his leave of the
sheriff and the chaplain; and, after thanking them |
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for their many civilities, presented his watch
to Mr. Sheriff Vaillant of which he desired his |
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|
acceptance,
and requested that his body might be buried at Breden or Stanton, in |
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Leicestershire. |
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'The executioner now proceeded to do his duty,
to which his lordship, with great resignation, |
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submitted. His neck-cloth being taken off, and a
white cap, which he had brought in his |
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pocket,
being put upon his head, his arms secured by a black sash, and the cord put
round |
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his neck, he advanced by three steps to the
elevated part of the scaffold, and, standing |
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|
under the cross-beam which went over it, which
was also covered with black baize, he asked |
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the executioner; "Am I right?" Then
the cap was drawn over his face, and, on a signal given by |
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the sheriff (for his lordship, upon before being
asked, declined to give one himself) that part |
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upon which he stood immediately sank down from
beneath his feet, and he was launched into |
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|
eternity, the 5th of May, 1760. |
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'The accustomed time of one hour being passed,
the coffin was raised up, with the greatest |
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|
decency,
to receive the body; and, being deposited in the hearse, was conveyed by
the |
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|
sheriffs,
with the same procession, to Surgeon's Hall, to undergo the remainder of
the |
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|
sentence. A large incision was then made from
the neck to the bottom of the breast, and |
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another
across the throat; the lower part of the belly was laid open and the bowels
taken |
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away.
It was afterwards publicly exposed to view in a room up one pair of stairs at
the Hall, |
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|
and on the evening of Thursday, the 8th of May,
it was delivered to his friends for interment.' |
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Washington Sewallis Shirley,9th Earl Ferrers |
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The following article, written by Dalrymple
Belgrave, is taken from a series entitled "Romances |
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|
of High Life" published in the 'Manchester
Times' in 1898:- |
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'[After a lengthy preliminary survey of the
history of the Shirley family, including the hanging of |
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|
the 4th Earl, which largely repeats the
information shown above - i.e. under the entry for the |
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4th
Earl, the author writes] ……….There is another legal story connected with an
Earl Ferrers - |
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not in any way to his discredit - which is
perhaps stranger and more romantic, and as it |
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happened in living memory, it is just old enough
to be forgotten. |
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'It was in the year 1846 that one of the most
curious actions for breach of promise of marriage |
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that ever came into a court of law was brought
by a Miss Mary Elizabeth Smith against |
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Washington Sewallis Shirley, the ninth Earl
Ferrers, who was the great-grandson of a younger |
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brother of the bad Earl Laurence, and who was
then only 24 years old. This case was tried in |
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|
London before Mr. Justice Wightman, and opened
by Sir Fitzroy Kelly, who was counsel for the |
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plaintiff.
It did not at first seem, except for the rank of the defendant, to be of a
very |
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|
remarkable character. |
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'[After a paragraph which briefly summarises the
legal career of Sir Fitzroy Kelly, the author |
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continues] … There was no question that Lord
Ferrers had, shortly after he had come of age, |
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married Lady Isabella Chichester, a daughter of
the Earl of Donegall. The case, so said Fitzroy, |
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involved all that was dearest in life to the
plaintiff, Miss Mary Elizabeth Smith. She was a young |
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lady who had only just attained her twenty-first
year, and at the early age of 16 or 17 she had |
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first become acquainted with the defendant. She
lived with her parents at Anstrey, in |
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Warwickshire,
where Lord Ferrers, when a young man, was at a tutor's. As far back as
1839 |
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she had attracted attention, for she was a young
lady of great personal attractions, and she |
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engaged the attentions of Lord Ferrers, who made
her the most unequivocal promises of |
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marriage. She had become most sincerely attached
to him. After some time this reached the |
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|
ears of Mr. and Mrs. Smith, who felt that the
attentions of one so much above their daughter |
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|
in rank were to be looked upon with suspicion.
They sent her to London, and then to France, |
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|
to
finish her education. In 1840, Lord Ferrers - then Lord Tamworth - went
abroad, and |
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returned in 1842, and from that time a
correspondence continued between them, and the |
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marriage was fixed to take place on a certain
day. He frequently went over to Anstrey, and in |
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the early part of 1844 it was agreed between
them that the union should take place in the |
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month of May, but it was afterwards postponed
until July or August. |
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'Every preparation was made. The dresses were
prepared, the bride-cake ordered, and every- |
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thing was done that was usual on such occasions,
and it was only at the end of July that the |
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unhappy young lady was apprised of the fact that
the defendant could not marry her by reading |
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the account of his marriage in the newspapers.
The letters which had been written by the |
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|
defendant before 1843 had been lost, so Sir
Fitzroy Kelly said, but they had those which had |
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|
been
written in that year. They were written on scraps of paper crossed and
recrossed until |
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they were rather difficult to read. But when the
jury heard them they would appreciate what |
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|
Miss Smith's feelings must have been when she
read of the defendant's marriage. Then he read |
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many
of the letters, and there could be no question that either from a lover's or
a lawyer's |
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point of view they were thoroughly satisfactory
documents. They were charmingly sentimental, |
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|
and full of the most devoted affection. They
left no doubt about a promise of marriage. "Will |
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not the old hall be bright and happy when its
future mistress takes possession of it?" wrote |
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Lord Ferrers in one of them, and there were many
more passages which even more directly |
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|
proved the promise. The letters were really very
well written and poetically expressed. Yet, |
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after he had read some of them, those who knew
the eloquent counsel's methods might be |
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pretty
certain that he was not quite satisfied with them, and saw rocks ahead. With
that air of |
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careless
candour which counsel often on such occasions affect, he attempted to steer
clear |
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of them. |
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'One peculiar feature in the letters, he said,
was that the writer was evidently a young man of |
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strangely wild ideas, who continually alluded to
persons and things which were creatures of his |
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|
own imagination. Then there was a curious trait
in his character shown in the way he made |
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|
presents to his lady-love. They would see from
the letters that he had lost £3,000 on one |
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occasion at play, and the consequence of this
loss was that he was unable to purchase for |
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Miss Smith some books, jewellery, and dresses
which he wished her to have. The expedient |
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|
which he hit upon was to ask her to buy for
herself on credit, and he promised to pay the bills |
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|
for her. She bought the things at Tamworth, but
had felt ashamed to tell her parents that her |
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|
wealthy
lover had not the money to pay for her presents. But the bills duly came in,
and she |
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|
had
to tell her father. Her father wrote to Lord Ferrers on the matter. The
latter replied |
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|
promising to pay the bills, but did not do so.
Money to pay for them was borrowed from Miss |
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Smith's grandfather, for which he was suing Lord
Ferrers. Then there was one pink bonnet, the |
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bill for which had not been included amongst the
others, but came in after the matter had been |
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|
settled. Mr. Smith was very angry, and the
plaintiff, in a moment of terror, denied that she had |
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ordered
it. She had deceived her parent, said Sir Fitzroy, and he must leave it to
his friend [i.e. |
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|
the
counsel for Lord Ferrers, Sir Frederick Thesiger, later Baron Chelmsford] to
make what he |
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|
liked
of it, but he added that it would ill become Lord Ferrers, who had led her
into the scrape, |
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|
to make it a reproach to her. |
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'Then the learned counsel began to turn to the
defence, and he naturally made a great deal of |
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|
the fact that a plea of infancy had been put on
the record. A shabby plea for his lordship to |
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|
have recourse to, he said, but that plea would
only cover any promise which was made before |
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|
1843 [i.e. before the Earl came of age]. Then he
touched upon a more important point for the |
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|
defence. He said that he believed that his
friend was actually going to set it up that Lord |
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|
Ferrers had never spoken to the young lady in
his life, and that the correspondence, amounting |
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|
to more than 10,000 lines, was a tissue of
forgeries. It was incredible that any forger would |
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|
forge such a mass of documents, and certainly
incredible that a girl like the plaintiff could |
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|
perpetrate such a fraud. The letters, he said,
were sent by post by Lord Ferrers to Adkins, his |
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|
servant, who brought them to Miss Smith. From
Adkins, however, he had not been able to get |
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|
a proof. He was Lord Ferrer's servant. "It
is," exclaimed Sir Fitzroy, "no equal fight between |
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|
this
noble earl and this young girl." Still he could prove the handwriting of
the letters by a |
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|
highly respectable clergyman and chaplain to
Lord Ferrers, and by two officers in the Yeomanry |
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|
regiment in which Lord Ferrers had held a
commission, and by some other witnesses. |
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'Nowadays the first witness to be called would
be the plaintiff. If Miss Smith had given her |
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evidence the jury would probably have been
greatly guided by her manner in the witness-box, |
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and they would probably have heard a
cross-examination which would have left no doubt one |
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way or the other. In those days, however, a
plaintiff could not give evidence. It was supposed |
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that
a jury could gain nothing by hearing so interested a witness. Sir Fitzroy
therefore began |
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his case by trying to establish the letters, and
the first witness he called was his highly |
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respectable clergyman. He was positive about the
handwriting, but when Sir Frederick Thesiger |
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took
him in hand his excessive respectability began to fall away from him. Then
there came |
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over his character a strong suggestion of drink
and immorality, and from a highly-respectable |
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clergyman,
he began to take the character of a parson of ill repute, who just managed
not to |
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be unfrocked. Then Sir Frederick managed to show
that he had been doing a good deal to help |
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the plaintiff get up her case. Altogether, when
this respectable parson left the box, he had |
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done the plaintiff much more harm than good. The
next witnesses were the officers of the |
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Yeomanry
regiment, two gentlemen who were obviously only wishing to tell the truth.
They |
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both expressed their belief that the signature
to the letters was in the handwriting of Lord |
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Ferrers, from whom they had received notes, and
whose signatures to accounts connected |
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with the regiment they had often seen. Sir
Frederick's manner towards them was very different. |
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He treated them with courtesy and respect, but
he showed that they had not much opportunity |
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of seeing Lord Ferrers's handwriting. "Did
he sign himself Ferrers or Washington Ferrers?" he |
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asked one of the latter, for in his letters to
Miss Smith Lord Ferrers used his Christian name. |
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"But
were the letters you received love letters?" put in Sir Fitzroy, who was
always ready with |
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a retort. A late footman of Lord Ferrers was
called to prove the handwriting. Then came a string |
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of Anstrey witnesses who had seen Miss Smith and
Lord Ferrers together before 1840. Then Mr. |
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Smith, the plaintiff's father, went into the
box, but his evidence was not very important, as he |
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was an invalid, living much in his room. He had,
however, written to Lord Ferrers, and he had |
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directed the letter himself. |
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'Then
came an incident which puzzled the counsel for Miss Smith. Sir Frederick
Thesiger |
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produced some letters, folded so that they could
not be read, and asked the witness if they |
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were in his daughter's handwriting. The witness
was not quite sure. The counsel wished to see |
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them, but Sir Frederick would not gratify their
curiosity. Then Mrs. Smith went into the box. She |
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gave
evidence as to Lord Ferrers's attachment to her daughter before 1840. She
said that in |
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1843 her daughter told her that she had seen
Lord Ferrers again. She saw letters from Lord |
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Ferrers when they arrived in 1844. She saw her
daughter write one letter, which was enclosed |
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with
two handkerchiefs, and sent to Lord Ferrers. She gave that letter to her
servant to post. |
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She
remembered the letter Mr. Smith wrote to Lord Ferrers. He read it over to
her, and she |
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sealed it. She saw Mr. Smith address it, and she
put it into a drawer. Next morning she posted |
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it at Ashby in the presence of Mr. and Mrs.
Holgate, two relations of hers, who were staying |
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with
her. It was when it was least easy to see what he was driving at that Sir
Frederick's |
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cross-examination was often most dangerous, and
Sir Fitzroy must have been rather nervous |
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when his skilled opponent directed his questions
to showing that Miss Smith was dark and had |
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black hair, that she had gone to a ball at
Tamworth, where she said she expected to meet Lord |
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Ferrers, and that on that occasion she wore a
white rose in her hair. It was after the bills for |
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the presents came in that she first saw the
letter from Lord Ferrers. The pink bonnet came on |
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29th June, 1844, after the bills for the other
things had come in, and Mrs. Smith understood |
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that it had come from London. But the next
Christmas a bill for it was received from Miss |
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Wyman,
of Ashby. "We shall have a great deal to do before we get to Ashby, and
before the |
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bonnet is paid for," said Sir Frederick. |
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'Then it came out that the proceedings against
Lord Ferrers had been commenced when the |
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bill for the bonnet arrived. The witness had to
tell how her daughter denied having ordered it, |
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and how she, with her daughter and the attorney
in the case, went to Miss Wyman, and told |
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her that her daughter had received such a
bonnet, but that it had been a present from a noble |
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individual, and that a note to that effect had
come in the bonnet box. She had afterwards paid |
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Miss Wyman, and asked her to say nothing about
the former interview. There was a note in |
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the bonnet, which purported to be written by Mr.
Devereux Shirley, Lord Ferrers's brother. Her |
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daughter afterwards explained the matter. Mr.
Shirley told her that he wished her to buy the |
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bonnet as a present. But she had been unwilling
to order it unless he would write something |
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that would convince her papa and mamma that the
bonnet came from Lord Ferrers, and Mr. |
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Shirley wrote the letter that came out of the
bonnet box. "How did it get into the box?" asked |
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the judge. Mrs. Smith had to admit that her
daughter must have slipped it in after it arrived at |
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Anstrey. |
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'After all, the story of the pink bonnet was not
quite the simple affair that Sir Fitzroy Kelly had |
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made it out to be. Then Sir Frederick not only
admitted that the handkerchiefs had been sent, |
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but he produced them. The witness had to admit
that she once said that Lord Ferrers's alleged |
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letters were like her daughter's handwriting.
She had accounted for this by saying that her |
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daughter must have tried to make her handwriting
like his. Then again, the mysterious folded |
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letters were produced. The witness said they
were all written by her daughter. When Mrs. |
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Smith left the box the intense interest of the
case was sustained, for the plaintiff's sister, Anne |
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Smith, a girl of fourteen, swore that she
remembered Lord Ferrers when he was a pupil at |
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Anstrey, and that afterwards, in 1843, she twice
saw him at her mother's house, calling on her |
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sister.
As to one occasion she could not fix the date; the other was on the day of
Anstrey |
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Wake, December 9th, 1843. After Anne Smith,
witnesses who had posted letters to Lord Ferrers |
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were called, and this part of the case Sir
Frederick hardly seemed to fight. A villager of Anstrey |
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swore to having seen Lord Ferrers walking with
Miss Smith at Anstrey in 1843, and the post- |
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mistress of Chartley swore to the letters being
in Lord Ferrers's handwriting. There were two or |
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three more witnesses, whose evidence was not
very important, and then the case for the |
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plaintiff was closed. |
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'Sir Frederick Thesiger then made one of the
most brilliant speeches he ever delivered to a jury. |
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Some
counsel in such cases would have begun by denouncing the plaintiff. His
method was |
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more
polished. First, he gave instances of young girls, such as Elizabeth Canning
and Maria |
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Glen, well-known cases in the law-books, who had
deceived judges and juries by their lies. He |
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did not yet ask the jury to say that the
plaintiff had committed a fraud, but they must not |
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consider
it impossible that she should have done so. Next he came to the question of
who |
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wrote the letters. There were no postmarks on
them. Adkins would swear he never delivered |
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them. He asked how the plaintiff got them. As to
the evidence of Anne Smith, he opened a |
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perfect
'alibi' for Lord Ferrers as to the only day to which she swore. Then he
became more |
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stern. Anne Smith's story was a false one, and a
girl of tender age had been allowed to perjure |
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herself. Then he discussed the letters, and as
he read some of them, commenting upon them, |
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they did not seem to be such satisfactory
documents as they did in Sir Fitzroy Kelly's hands. |
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It became pretty clear why that astute counsel
had prepared the jury for some strange |
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statements in them. |
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'They were full of expressions that Lord Ferrers
would not have used. He talked of dining with |
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the Hon. Charles Davey, and Sir Frederick
pointed out that if there had been such a person, |
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which there was not, as there was no family of
Davey in the peerage, Lord Ferrers would not |
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have written of him as "the Hon." but
as Charles Davey. In another letter he wrote: "I rather |
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fancy the child of Evelyn, who wedded Walker, is
very unhappy with her husband." There were |
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two persons, Sir Frederick explained, whom Lord
Ferrers might write of as Evelyn - Mr. Evelyn |
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Philip
Shirley, who was Lord Ferrers's guardian, and had two infant daughters, and
that |
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gentleman's
father, who had two daughters, Lady Heathcote and Mrs. Malcolm. Neither
of |
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them had a daughter married to anyone of the
name of Walker. The letter went on; "Walker |
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is a cold-hearted man, who makes a wife a
secondary consideration, not perceiving that his |
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wife is dying from secret grief; but this will
hardly interest you, and my writing is such that I |
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hardly
like to send it you. Let no other eye but yours see it." In another
letter there was an |
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allusion to his cousin Evelyn: "Would he
were made of less worldly material, less stern, and |
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then his poor child would not have wedded the
brute Walker." "I am happy to inform you," |
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said Sir Frederick, "that the child of Mr.
Evelyn Shirley alluded to is safe from the brute Walker, |
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or
any other brute, for many years to come, for I believe at present she is of
the mature age |
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of six months." |
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'In reading one letter, Sir Frederick made a
characteristic little slip. "she goes on to say," he |
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said,
then he stopped and corrected himself ; "he goes on - I beg her pardon
for saying |
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'she' as yet." "But whose were the
letters?" he asked , and he then reminded the jury of Mrs. |
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Smith's admission as to the similarity of the
handwriting. He admitted, however, that letters |
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were posted from Miss Smith to Lord Ferrers; but
he reminded the jury how she had juggled |
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with the letter found in the bonnet-box.
"Why," he exclaimed, "here are the pocket- |
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handkerchiefs! Here we stop short and find the
case complete against Lord Ferrers. Will Lord |
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Ferrers after this venture to deny that he
carried on a correspondence with the plaintiff? Yes, |
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he will, and in the very face of this we will
say it, and, what is more, will prove it." "Now," he |
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continued, later, "we come to the third
volume. Let us unravel the mystery." And then he |
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reverted to questions he had asked Mrs. Smith as
to her daughter's appearance, and as to her |
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having been at a ball at Tamworth, with a white
rose in her hair. "What does all this mean? you |
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will ask. Everything; it is of the greatest
importance. Lord Ferrers, after he came back from the |
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Continent, received a variety of anonymous
letters, most of which he burnt. He has, however, |
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after careful search, been able to find four.
Mrs. Smith has proved all these to be in the hand- |
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writing of her daughter." Then he read the
letter in which Lord Ferrers was told to go to a ball |
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in Tamworth, where he would meet a young lady,
"haughty and graceful as a Spaniard, tall and |
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majestic as a Circassian, beautiful as an
Italian. She is your destiny. Go at all risks. She may |
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wear a white rose in her dark hair. Go
early." "Do you understand the case now?" exclaimed |
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Sir Frederick. "Can you doubt that this
artful girl, assisted, I fear, by others, has been contriving |
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from beginning to end a scheme of the most
arrant falsehood." Having read three other letters |
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in the same strain he said: "My task is
done; the case is proved." |
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'And so it was. Sir Fitzroy Kelly, who had been
out of court, was sent for. When he came back |
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he got up, and, addressing the court, said that
the letters produced by Sir Frederick had come |
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as a surprise to him, and that under the
circumstances he must submit to a non-suit. |
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'It may be interesting to add that Miss Smith
afterwards published a pamphlet on her case. In |
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this
she insists on her having been the object of Lord Ferrers's affection when he
was at a |
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tutor's, and she describes how, when she was
sent to school by her parents, he stood with his |
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cloak wrapped round his shoulders watching her
departure. "Aye, and tears were shed for him, |
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which parting from my parents, and my home, much
as they and it were loved, could not call |
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forth. I then, for the first time, felt what
anguish was." She says on her return home a person |
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dressed
in deep black called upon her, who professed to be Lord Ferrers, and, from
her |
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recollection of him, she believed him. She half
suggests, however, in her pamphlet, that this |
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person
might have been someone personating Lord Ferrers. Some years afterwards
she |
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exercised
her literary faculty in a long poem called "A Deed Once Done." In
it she writes in a |
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very
despondent tone about herself and the opinion people had of her. As one reads over the |
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case,
one of the strangest that was ever brought into a court of law, one wonders
how far this |
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young
woman was accountable for her actions, and whether she had not some strange
faculty |
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of making the creatures of her imagination
become, so far as she was concerned, real flesh and |
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blood.' |
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