PEERAGE
Last updated 12/03/2024
Date Rank Order Name Born Died  Age
GLENDEVON
16 Jul 1964 B 1 John Adrian Louis Hope 7 Apr 1912 18 Jan 1996 83
Created Baron Glendevon 16 Jul 1964
MP for Midlothian and Peebles North
1945-1950 and Pentlands 1950-1964.
Minister of Works 1959-1962  PC 1959
18 Jan 1996 2 Julian John Somerset Hope 6 Mar 1950 29 Sep 2009 59
29 Sep 2009 3 Jonathan Charles Hope 23 Apr 1952
GLENDONBROOK
1 Feb 2011 B[L] 1 Sir Michael David Bishop 10 Feb 1942
Created Baron Glendonbrook for life 
1 Feb 2011
GLENDYNE
23 Jan 1922 B 1 Sir Robert Nivison,1st baronet 3 Jul 1849 14 Jun 1930 80
Created Baron Glendyne 23 Jan 1922
14 Jun 1930 2 John Nivison 14 Mar 1878 28 Jan 1967 88
28 Jan 1967 3 Robert Nivison 27 Oct 1926 27 Jun 2008 81
27 Jun 2008 4 John Nivison 18 Aug 1960
GLENELG
8 May 1835 B 1 Charles Grant 26 Oct 1778 23 Apr 1866 87
to     Created Baron Glenelg 8 May 1835
23 Apr 1866 MP for Fortrose Burghs 1807-1818 and
Inverness-shire 1818-1835. President of the
Board of Trade 1827-1828. President of
the Board of Control 1830-1834. Secretary
of State for the Colonies 1834-1839. 
PC 1819. PC [I] 1819
Peerage extinct on his death
GLENESK
16 Nov 1895 B 1 Sir Algernon Borthwick,1st baronet 27 Dec 1830 24 Nov 1908 77
to     Created Baron Glenesk 16 Nov 1895
24 Nov 1908 MP for Kensington South 1885-1895
Peerage extinct on his death
GLENGALL
22 Jan 1816 E[I] 1 Richard Butler,10th Baron Caher 13 Nov 1775 30 Jan 1819 43
Created Viscount Caher and Earl of
Glengall 22 Jan 1816
30 Jan 1819 2 Richard Butler 17 May 1794 22 Jan 1858 63
to     Peerage extinct on his death
22 Jan 1858
GLENKINGLAS
3 May 1974 B[L] 1 Michael Antony Cristobal Noble 19 Mar 1913 15 May 1984 71
to     Created Baron Glenkinglas for life 3 May 1974
15 May 1984 MP for Argyllshire 1958-1974. Secretary
of State for Scotland 1962-1964. President
of the Board of Trade 1970. Minister for
Trade 1970-1972.  PC 1962
Peerage extinct on his death
GLENLUCE
21 Apr 1690 B[S] 1 James Dalrymple May 1619 25 Nov 1695 76
Created Lord Glenluce and Stranraer
and Viscount of Stair 21 Apr 1690
25 Nov 1695 2 John Dalrymple 1648 8 Jan 1707 58
8 Apr 1703 B[S] 1 Created Lord Newliston,Glenluce,
and Stranraer,Viscount Dalrymple and
Earl of Stair 8 Apr 1703
See "Stair"
GLENLYON
30 Jun 1703 V[S] 1 John Murray,2nd Marquess of Atholl 24 Feb 1660 14 Nov 1724 64
Created Lord Murray,Viscount
Glenalmond and Earl of Tullibardine
for life 27 Jul 1696 and Lord Murray,
Balvenie and Gask,Viscount of
Balwhidder,Glenalmond and Glenlyon,
Earl of Strathtay and Strathardle,
Marquess of Tullibardine and Duke of
Atholl 30 Jun 1703
See "Atholl"
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
17 Jul 1821 B 1 Lord James Murray 29 May 1782 12 Oct 1837 55
Created Baron Glenlyon 17 Jul 1821
MP for Perthshire 1807-1812
12 Oct 1837 2 George Augustus Frederick John Murray 20 Sep 1814 16 Jan 1864 49
He succeeded to the Dukedom of Atholl (qv)
in 1846 with which title this peerage then
merged until the extinction of the
Barony in 1957
GLENRAVEL
1 Feb 1936 B 1 Sir Arthur Shirley Benn,1st baronet 20 Dec 1858 13 Jun 1937 78
to     Created Baron Glenravel 1 Feb 1936
13 Jun 1937 MP for Plymouth 1910-1918, Drake 1918-
1929 and Park 1931-1935
Peerage extinct on his death
GLENTANAR
29 Jun 1916 B 1 George Coats 11 Feb 1849 26 Nov 1918 69
Created Baron Glentanar 29 Jun 1916
26 Nov 1918 2 Thomas Coats 4 Dec 1894 28 Jun 1971 76
to     Peerage extinct on his death
28 Jun 1971
GLENTORAN
8 Jul 1939 B 1 Herbert Dixon 23 Jan 1880 20 Jul 1950 70
Created Baron Glentoran 8 Jul 1939
MP for Pottinger 1918-1922 and Belfast
East 1922-1939.  PC [NI] 1923
20 Jul 1950 2 Daniel Stewart Thomas Bingham Dixon 19 Jan 1912 22 Jul 1995 83
PC [NI] 1953  Lord Lieutenant Belfast 1950-1985
22 Jul 1995 3 Thomas Robin Valerian Dixon  [Elected hereditary 21 Apr 1935
peer 1999-2018]
GLENTWORTH
2 Jun 1790 B[I] 1 William Cecil Pery 26 Jul 1721 4 Jul 1794 72
Created Baron Glentworth 2 Jun 1790
Bishop of Limerick 1784-1794
4 Jul 1794 2 Edmond Henry Pery 8 Jan 1758 7 Dec 1844 86
He was created Earl of Limerick (qv) in
1803 with which title this peerage then
merged
GLENURCHY
13 Aug 1677 B[S] 1 John Campbell,Earl of Caithness c 1635 28 Mar 1717  
Created Lord Glenurchy,
Benederaloch,Ormelie and Weick,
Viscount of Tay and Paintland,and
Earl of Breadalbane and Holland
13 Aug 1681
See "Breadalbane and Holland"
GLERAWLY
20 Sep 1758 V[I] 1 William Annesley     c 1710 12 Sep 1770
Created Baron Annesley 20 Sep 1758
and Viscount Glerawly 14 Nov 1766
See "Annesley"
GLOUCESTER
1093 E 1 William Fitzeustace 1094
to     Created Earl of Gloucester 1093
1094 On his death the peerage reverted to the
Crown
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c 1121 E 1 Robert Fitzroy c 1100 31 Oct 1147
Created Earl of Gloucester c 1121
illegitimate son of Henry I
31 Oct 1147 2 William Fitzrobert c 1121 23 Nov 1183
to     On his death the peerage reverted to the
23 Nov 1183 Crown
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
1186 E 1 Isabel c 1173 14 Oct 1217
to     She was recognized as Countess of
1199 Gloucester in 1186
She married John Plantagenet who succeeded
to the throne in 1199 at which time the
peerage merged with the Crown
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
1218 E 1 Gilbert de Clare,4th Earl of Hertford by 1182 25 Oct 1230
He was recognized as Earl of
Gloucester in 1218
25 Oct 1230 2 Richard de Clare,5th Earl of Hertford 4 Aug 1222 14 Jul 1262 39
14 Jul 1262 3 Gilbert de Clare,6th Earl of Hertford 2 Sep 1243 7 Dec 1295 52
7 Dec 1295 4 Joan Plantagenet,Countess of Hertford (7th in line) Apr 1272 23 Apr 1307 35
She was a daughter of King Edward I. She married,
firstly,in 1290,Gilbert de Clare (see above),and
secondly (and in secret) in Jan 1297 Ralph
Monthermer who was later recognised by the King as
Earl of Gloucester and Hertford during his wife's
lifetime. After her death in 1307 he was summoned
to Parliament as Lord Monthermer (qv) in 1309. He
died 5 Apr 1325.
23 Apr 1307 5 Gilbert de Clare,8th Earl of Hertford c Apr 1291 24 Jun 1314 23
to     On his death the peerage reverted to the
24 Jun 1314 Crown
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16 Mar 1337 E 1 Hugh Audley 10 Nov 1347
to     Created Earl of Gloucester 
10 Nov 1347 16 Mar 1337
On his death the peerage is presumed to 
have become extinct
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6 Aug 1385 D 1 Thomas Plantagenet 7 Jan 1355 8 Sep 1397 42
to     Created Duke of Gloucester 6 Aug 1385
8 Sep 1397 Youngest son of Edward III.  KG 1380
Peerage forfeited on his death
For information on the death of this peer,
see the note at the foot of this page
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29 Sep 1397 E 1 Thomas le Despencer,2nd Lord le Despencer 22 Sep 1373 17 Jan 1400 26
to     Created Earl of Gloucester 
6 Oct 1399 29 Sep 1397
KG c 1388
He was degraded from the peerage in 1399
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16 May 1414 D 1 Humphrey Plantagenet 3 Oct 1390 28 Feb 1447 56
to     Created Duke of Gloucester 
28 Feb 1447 16 May 1414
Fourth son of Henry IV. KG c 1400
Peerage extinct on his death
For further information on this peer and, more
particularly, his wife, see the note at the foot
of this page.
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1461 D 1 Richard Plantagenet 2 Oct 1452 22 Aug 1485 32
to     Created Duke of Gloucester 1461
1483 KG c 1465
He succeeded to the throne as Richard III
in 1483 when the peerage merged with the
Crown
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
8 Jul 1640 D 1 Henry Stuart 8 Jul 1640 13 Sep 1660 20
to     Created Duke of Gloucester 8 Jul 1640
13 Sep 1660 KG 1653
Peerage extinct on his death
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
19 Nov 1764 D 1 William Henry 14 Nov 1743 25 Aug 1805 61
Created Earl of Connaught and Duke 
of Gloucester and Edinburgh 
19 Nov 1764
Brother of George III. KG 1762  PC 1764
For further information on this peer, see the
note at the foot of this page.
25 Aug 1805 2 William Frederick 15 Jan 1776 30 Nov 1834 58
to     KG 1794  PC 1806
30 Nov 1834 Peerage extinct on his death
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31 Mar 1928 D 1 Henry William Frederick Albert 31 Mar 1900 10 Jun 1974 74
Created Baron Culloden,Earl of 
Ulster and Duke of Gloucester
31 Mar 1928
PC 1925  KG 1921  KT 1933  KP 1934
10 Jun 1974 2 Richard Alexander Walter George 26 Aug 1944
KG 1997
GLYN
29 Jun 1953 B 1 Sir Ralph George Campbell Glyn,1st baronet 3 Mar 1885 1 May 1960 74
to     Created Baron Glyn 29 Jun 1953
1 May 1960 MP for Clackmannan 1918-1922 and
Abingdon 1924-1953
Peerage extinct on his death
GODBER
23 Jan 1956 B 1 Sir Frederick Godber 6 Nov 1888 10 Apr 1976 87
to     Created Baron Godber 23 Jan 1956
10 Apr 1976 Peerage extinct on his death
GODBER OF WILLINGTON
12 Jul 1979 B[L] 1 Joseph Bradshaw Godber 17 Mar 1914 25 Aug 1980 66
to     Created Baron Godber of Willington for life
25 Aug 1980 12 Jul 1979
MP for Grantham 1951-1979. Secretary of
State for War 1963, Minister of Labour 1964-1964,
Minister of Agriculture,Fisheries & Food 1972-
1974.  PC 1963
Peerage extinct on his death
GODDARD
19 Jul 1944 B[L] 1 Sir Rayner Goddard 10 Apr 1877 29 May 1971 94
to     Created Baron Goddard for life 19 Jul 1944
29 May 1971 Lord Justice of Appeal 1938-1944. Lord
of Appeal in Ordinary 1944-1946. Lord
Chief Justice 1946-1958.  PC 1938
Peerage extinct on his death
GODDARD OF STOCKPORT
15 Sep 2014 B[L] 1 David Goddard 2 Oct 1952
Created Baron Goddard of Stockport for life
15 Sep 2014
GODERICH
14 Nov 1706 V 1 Henry Grey 28 Sep 1671 5 Jun 1740 68
to     Created Viscount Goderich and
5 Jun 1740 Marquess of Kent 14 Nov 1706,and
Duke of Kent 28 Apr 1710
Peerages extinct on his death
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28 Apr 1827 V 1 Frederick John Robinson 30 Oct 1782 28 Jan 1859 76
Created Viscount Goderich 28 Apr 1827
and Earl of Ripon 13 Apr 1833
See "Ripon"
GODOLPHIN
26 Dec 1706 E 1 Sidney Godolphin 15 Jun 1645 15 Sep 1712 67
Created Baron Godolphin 28 Sep 1684
and Viscount Rialton and Earl of 
Godolphin 26 Dec 1706
MP for Helston 1668-1679 and 1679-1681
and St.Mawes 1679. Secretary of State 1684
First Lord of the Treasury 1684-1685,1690-
1696 and 1700-1701. Lord High Treasurer
1702-1710.  PC 1680  KG 1704. Lord
Lieutenant Cornwall 1705-1710
15 Sep 1712 2 Francis Godolphin 3 Sep 1678 17 Jan 1766 87
to     Created Baron Godolphin 23 Jan 1735
17 Jan 1766 This creation contained a special remainder,
23 Jan 1735 B 1 failing heirs male of his body,to those of his uncle,
Henry Godolphin
MP for Helston 1695-1698 and 1701-1708,
East Looe 1701,Oxfordshire 1708-1710 and
Tregony 1710-1713. Lord Privy Seal 1735-40
Lord Lieutenant Oxford 1715-1739  PC 1723
On his death the Earldom and Barony of 1684
became extinct whilst the Barony of 1735
passed to -
17 Jan 1766 2 Francis Godolphin 2 Nov 1706 25 May 1785 77
to     MP for Helston 1741-1766
25 May 1785 Peerage extinct on his death
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14 May 1832 B 1 Lord Francis Godolphin Osborne 18 Oct 1777 15 Feb 1850 72
Created Baron Godolphin 14 May 1832
MP for Helston 1799-1802, Lewes 1802-1806
and Cambridgeshire 1810-1831
15 Feb 1850 2 George Godolphin Osborne 16 Jul 1802 8 Aug 1872 70
He succeeded to the Dukedom of Leeds (qv)
in 1859 with which title this peerage then
merged until its extinction in 1964
GODSON
25 January 2021 B[L] 1 Dean Aaron Godson 26 Aug 1962
Created Baron Godson for life 
25 January 2021
GOFF OF CHIEVELEY
9 Feb 1986 B[L] 1 Sir Robert Lionel Archibald Goff 12 Nov 1926 14 Aug 2016 89
to     Created Baron Goff of Chieveley for life
14 Aug 2016 9 Feb 1986
Lord Justice of Appeal 1982-1986. Lord of
Appeal in Ordinary 1986-1998   PC 1982
Peerage extinct on his death
GOHIR
24 Jun 2022 B[L] 1 Shaista Gohir, OBE 27 Feb 1969
     Created Baroness Gohir for life
  
GOLD
1 Feb 2011 B[L] 1 David Laurence Gold 1 Mar 1951
Created Baron Gold for life 1 Feb 2011
GOLDIE
3 Oct 2013 B[L] 1 Annabel MacNicholl Goldie 27 Feb 1950
Created Baroness Goldie for life 3 Oct 2013
GOLDILANDS
29 Mar 1706 B[S] 1 Henry Scott 1676 25 Dec 1730 54
Created Lord Goldilands,Viscount of
Hermitage and Earl of Deloraine
29 Mar 1706
See "Deloraine"
GOLDING
13 Jul 2001 B[L] 1 Llinos Golding 21 Mar 1933
Created Baroness Golding for life 13 Jul 2001
MP for Newcastle-under-Lyme 1986-2001
GOLDSMITH
29 Jul 1999 B[L] 1 Peter Henry Goldsmith 5 Jan 1950
Created Baron Goldsmith for life 29 Jul 1999
Attorney General 2001-2007   PC 2002
GOLDSMITH OF RICHMOND PARK
7 Jan 2020 B[L] 1 Frank Zacharias Robin Goldsmith 20 Jan 1975

Created Baron Goldsmith of Richmond Park

for life 7 Jan 2020
GOODHART
23 Oct 1997 B[L] 1 Sir William Howard Goodhart 18 Jan 1933 10 Jan 2017 83
to     Created Baron Goodhart for life 23 Oct 1997
10 Jan 2017 Peerage extinct on his death
GOODLAD
19 Jul 2005 B[L] 1 Sir Alastair Robertson Goodlad 4 Jul 1943
Created Baron Goodlad for life 19 Jul 2005
MP for Northwich 1974-1983 and Eddisbury 1983-
1999. Minister of State,Foreign and Commonwealth
Office 1992-1995. Parl Sec to Treasury 1995-1997
PC 1992
GOODMAN
20 Jul 1965 B[L] 1 Arnold Abraham Goodman 21 Aug 1915 12 May 1995 79
to     Created Baron Goodman for life 20 Jul 1965
12 May 1995 CH 1972
Peerage extinct on his death
GOODMAN OF WYCOMBE
11 Mar 2024 B[L] 1 Paul Alexander Cyril Goodman 17 Nov 1959
     Created Baron Goodman of Wycombe for life 11 Mar 2024
GOOLD
8 Apr 1987 B[L] 1 Sir James Duncan Goold 28 May 1934 27 Jul 1997 63
to     Created Baron Goold for life 8 Apr 1987
27 Jul 1997 Lord Lieutenant Renfrew 1994-1997
Peerage extinct on his death
GORDON
c 1429 B[S] 1 Sir Alexander Seton c 1437
Created Lord Gordon c 1429
c 1437 2 Alexander Seton,later [1445] 1st Earl of Huntly 15 Jul 1470
to     On his death the peerage became dormant
15 Jul 1470 For information on an unsuccessful claim to
this peerage,see the note at the foot of this page
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3 Nov 1684 D[S] 1 George Gordon,4th Marquess of Huntly c 1649 7 Dec 1716
Created Lord Badenoch,Lochaber,
Strathavon,Balmore,Auchindoun,
Garthie and Kincardine,Viscount of
Inverness,Earl of Huntly and Enzie,
Marquess of Huntly and Duke of
Gordon 3 Nov 1684
KT 1687
7 Dec 1716 2 Alexander Gordon c 1678 28 Nov 1728
28 Nov 1728 3 Cosmo George Gordon c 1721 5 Aug 1752
KT 1748
5 Aug 1752 4 Alexander Gordon 18 Jun 1743 17 Jun 1827 83
Created Baron Gordon of Huntley and
Earl of Norwich 2 Jul 1784
KT 1775. Lord Lieutenant Aberdeen 1794-
1808
17 Jun 1827 5 George Gordon 2 Feb 1770 28 May 1836 66
to     MP for Eye 1806-1807. Lord Lieutenant
28 May 1836 Aberdeen 1808-1836.  PC 1830
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Lord Gordon of Huntly 
11 Apr 1807
Peerage extinct on his death
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13 Jan 1876 D 1 Charles Henry Gordon-Lennox,6th Duke 27 Feb 1818 27 Sep 1903 85
of Richmond
Created Earl of Kinrara and Duke of
Gordon 13 Jan 1876
See "Richmond"
GORDON OF ABERDEEN
16 Jul 1814 V 1 George Hamilton-Gordon 28 Jan 1784 14 Dec 1860 76
Created Viscount Gordon of Aberdeen
16 Jul 1814
See "Aberdeen"
GORDON OF BADENOCH
17 Apr 1599 B[S] 1 George Gordon c 1563 13 Jun 1636
Created Lord Gordon of Badenoch,
Earl of Enzie and Marquess of Huntly
17 Apr 1599
See "Huntly"
GORDON OF DRUMEARN
17 Oct 1876 B[L] 1 Edward Strathearn Gordon 10 Apr 1814 21 Aug 1879 65
to     Created Baron Gordon of Drumearn for life
21 Aug 1879 17 Oct 1876
MP for Thetford 1867-1868 and Glasgow
and Aberdeen Universities 1869-1876.
Solicitor General [S] 1866-1867. Lord
Advocate 1867-1868 and 1874-1876.
Lord of Appeal in Ordinary 1876-1879  PC 1874
Peerage extinct on his death
GORDON OF HUNTLEY
2 Jul 1784 B 1 Alexander Gordon,4th Duke of Gordon 18 Jun 1743 17 Jun 1827 83
Created Baron Gordon of Huntley and
Earl of Norwich 2 Jul 1784
See "Gordon"
                    ****************
11 Apr 1807 George Gordon 2 Feb 1770 28 May 1836 66
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Lord Gordon of Huntly 
11 Apr 1807
He succeeded as Duke of Gordon (qv) in 1827
GORDON OF STRATHAVON & GLENLIVET
10 Sep 1660 B[S] 1 Charles Gordon Mar 1681
Created Lord Gordon of Strathavon
and Glenlivet,and Earl of Aboyne
10 Sep 1660
See "Aboyne"
GORDON OF STRATHBLANE
4 Oct 1997 B[L] 1 James Stuart Gordon 17 May 1936 1 Mar 2020 83
to Created Baron Gordon of Strathblane for life
1 Mar 2020 4 Oct 1997
Peerage extinct on his death
GORDON-WALKER
4 Jul 1974 B[L] 1 Patrick Chrestian Gordon-Walker 7 Apr 1907 2 Dec 1980 73
to     Created Baron Gordon-Walker for life
2 Dec 1980 4 Jul 1974
MP for Smethwick 1945-1964 and Leyton
1966-1974. Secretary of State for
Commonwealth Relations 1950-1951. 
Foreign Secretary 1964-1965. Secretary of
State for Education and Science 1967-1968
PC 1950  CH 1968
Peerage extinct on his death
GORE
30 Jun 1764 B[I] 1 Sir Ralph Gore 23 Nov 1725 1802 76
to     Created Baron Gore 30 Jun 1764,
1802 Viscount Belleisle 25 Aug 1768 and
Earl of Ross 4 Jan 1772
Peerages extinct on his death
GORE-BOOTH
2 Jul 1969 B[L] 1 Paul Henry Gore-Booth 3 Feb 1909 29 Jun 1984 75
to     Created Baron Gore-Booth for life 2 Jul 1969
29 Jun 1984 Peerage extinct on his death
GORELL
16 Feb 1909 B 1 John Gorell Barnes 16 May 1848 22 Apr 1913 64
Created Baron Gorell 16 Feb 1909
PC 1905
22 Apr 1913 2 Henry Gorell Barnes 21 Jan 1882 16 Jan 1917 34
16 Jan 1917 3 Ronald Gorell Barnes 16 Apr 1884 2 May 1963 79
2 May 1963 4 Timothy John Radcliffe Barnes 2 Aug 1927 25 Sep 2007 80
25 Sep 2007 5 John Picton Gorell Barnes 29 Jul 1959
GORGES
4 Mar 1309 B 1 Ralph de Gorges 1324
Summoned to Parliament as Lord
Gorges 4 Mar 1309
1324 2 Ralph de Gorges 1309 c 1325
to     On his death the peerage fell into abeyance
c 1325
GORGES OF DUNDALK
13 Jul 1620 B[I] 1 Sir Edward Gorges,1st baronet c 1650
Created Baron Gorges of Dundalk
13 Jul 1620
c 1650 2 Richard Gorges c 1619 27 Sep 1712
to     MP for Newton 1661-1679
Sep 1712 Peerage extinct on his death
GORING
28 Nov 1644 B 1 George Goring c 1583 6 Jan 1663
Created Baron Goring 14 Apr 1628 and
Earl of Norwich 28 Nov 1644
See "Norwich"
GORMANSTON
c 1390 B[I] 1 Sir Robert Preston 1396
Created Baron Gormanston c 1390
1396 2 Christopher Preston c 1430
c 1430 3 Christopher Preston c 1450
c 1450 4 Robert Preston c 1435 5 Apr 1503
7 Aug 1478 V[I] 1 Created Viscount Gormanston
7 Aug 1478
5 Apr 1503 2 William Preston 21 Sep 1532
21 Sep 1532 3 Jenico Preston 1502 1569 67
1569 4 Christopher Preston 1546 24 Jan 1599 52
24 Jan 1599 5 Jenico Preston 1584 14 Mar 1630 45
14 Mar 1630 6 Nicholas Preston 1608 29 Jul 1643 35
29 Jul 1643 7 Jenico Preston 17 Mar 1691
Lord Lieutenant Meath
17 Mar 1691 8 Jenico Preston c 1700
c 1700 9 Anthony Preston 25 Sep 1716
25 Sep 1716 10 Jenico Preston 1707 31 Oct 1757 50
31 Oct 1757 11 Anthony Preston 1736 15 Dec 1786 50
15 Dec 1786 12 Jenico Preston 4 Jan 1775 10 Feb 1860 85
10 Feb 1860 13 Edward Anthony John Preston 3 Jun 1796 28 Sep 1876 80
8 Dec 1868 B 1 Created Baron Gormanston 8 Dec 1868
28 Sep 1876 14 Jenico William Joseph Preston 1 Jun 1837 29 Oct 1907 70
Governor of the Leeward Islands 1885-1887,
British Guiana 1887-1893 and Tasmania
1893-1900
29 Oct 1907 15 Jenico Edward Joseph Preston 16 Jul 1879 7 Nov 1925 46
7 Nov 1925 16 Jenico William Richard Preston 7 Oct 1914 9 Jun 1940 25
9 Jun 1940 17 Jenico Nicholas Dudley Preston 19 Nov 1939
For information about the Gormanston foxes,
see the note at the foot of this page
GORMLEY
20 Jul 1982 B[L] 1 Joseph Gormley 5 Jul 1917 27 May 1993 75
to     Created Baron Gormley for life 20 Jul 1982
27 May 1993 Peerage extinct on his death
GORONWY-ROBERTS
25 Mar 1974 B[L] 1 Goronwy Owen Goronwy-Roberts 20 Sep 1913 23 Jul 1981 67
to     Created Baron Goronwy-Roberts for life
23 Jul 1981 25 Mar 1974
MP for Carnarvonshire 1945-1950 and
Carnarvon 1950-1974. Minister of State
Welsh Office 1964-1966. Minister of State
Education 1966-1967. Minister of State,
Foreign and Commonwealth Office 1967-
1969. Minister of State, Board of Trade
1969-1970.  PC 1968
Peerage extinct on his death
GORT
22 Jan 1816 V[I] 1 John Prendergast-Smyth 1742 23 May 1817 74
Created Baron Kiltarton of Gort
15 May 1810 and Viscount Gort 
22 Jan 1816
For details of the special remainder included in the
creation of the Viscountcy of 1816,see the note 
at the foot of this page
23 May 1817 2 Charles Vereker 1768 11 Nov 1842 74
PC [I] 1809
11 Nov 1842 3 John Prendergast Vereker 1 Jul 1790 20 Oct 1865 75
MP for Limerick 1817-1820
20 Oct 1865 4 Standish Prendergast Vereker 6 Jul 1819 9 Jan 1900 80
9 Jan 1900 5 John Gage Prendergast Vereker 28 Jan 1849 15 Aug 1902 53
15 Aug 1902 6 John Standish Surtees Prendergast
8 Feb 1946 V 1 Vereker VC 10 Jul 1886 31 Mar 1946 59
to     Created Viscount Gort 8 Feb 1946
31 Mar 1946 Field Marshal 1943
For further information on this peer and VC
winner, see the note at the foot of this page
On his death the UK Viscountcy became
extinct whilst the Irish Viscountcy 
passed to -
31 Mar 1946 7 Standish Robert Gage Prendergast Vereker 12 Feb 1888 21 May 1975 87
21 May 1975 8 Colin Leopold Prendergast Vereker 21 Jun 1916 6 Apr 1995 78
6 Apr 1995 9 Foley Robert Standish Prendergast
Vereker 24 Oct 1951
GOSCHEN
18 Dec 1900 V 1 George Joachim Goschen 10 Aug 1831 7 Feb 1907 75
Created Viscount Goschen 18 Dec 1900
MP for London 1863-1880, Ripon 1880-1885,
Edinburgh East 1885-1886 and St.Georges
Hanover Square 1887-1900. Vice President
of the Board of Trade 1865-1866. 
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
1866. President of the Poor Law Board
1868-1871. First Lord of the Admiralty 1871-
1874 and 1895-1900. Chancellor of the
Exchequer 1887-1892.  PC 1865
7 Feb 1907 2 George Joachim Goschen 15 Oct 1866 24 Jul 1952 85
MP for East Grinstead 1895-1906. Governor
of Madras 1924-1929.  PC 1930
24 Jul 1952 3 John Alexander Goschen 7 Jul 1906 22 Mar 1977 70
22 Mar 1977 4 Giles John Harry Goschen  [Elected hereditary 16 Nov 1965
peer 1999-]
GOSFORD
20 Jun 1785 V[I] 1 Sir Archibald Acheson,6th baronet 1 Sep 1718 5 Sep 1790 72
Created Baron Gosford 20 Jul 1776
and Viscount Gosford 20 Jun 1785
PC [I] 1770
5 Sep 1790 2 Arthur Acheson c 1745 14 Jan 1807
4 Feb 1806 E[I] 1 Created Earl of Gosford 4 Feb 1806
PC [I] 1793
14 Jan 1807 2 Archibald Acheson 1 Aug 1776 27 Mar 1849 72
Created Baron Worlingham of
Beccles 13 Jun 1835
MP for Armagh 1800-1807. Lord Lieutenant
Armagh 1831-1849  Governor of Canada 1835-1838
PC 1834
27 Mar 1849 3 Archibald Acheson 20 Aug 1806 15 Jun 1864 57
Created Baron Acheson 18 Sep 1847
MP for Armagh 1830-1847.  KP 1855
Lord Lieutenant Armagh Feb-Jun 1864
15 Jun 1864 4 Archibald Brabazon Sparrow Acheson 19 Aug 1841 11 Apr 1922 80
Lord Lieutenant Armagh 1883-1920   KP 1869
11 Apr 1922 5 Archibald Charles Montagu Brabazon
Acheson 26 May 1877 20 Mar 1954 76
20 Mar 1954 6 Archibald Alexander John Stanley
Acheson 14 Jan 1911 17 Feb 1966 55
17 Feb 1966 7 Charles David Alexander John Sparrow
Acheson 13 Jul 1942
GOUDIE
21 Jul 1998 B[L] 1 Mary Teresa Goudie 2 Sep 1946
Created Baroness Goudie for life 21 Jul 1998
GOUGH
15 Jun 1849 V 1 Sir Hugh Gough,1st baronet 3 Nov 1779 2 Mar 1869 89
Created Baron Gough 25 Apr 1846
and Viscount Gough 15 Jun 1849
KP 1857  PC 1859  Field Marshal 1862
2 Mar 1869 2 George Stephens Gough 18 Jan 1815 31 May 1895 80
 
31 May 1895 3 Hugh Gough 27 Aug 1849 14 Oct 1919 70
14 Oct 1919 4 Hugh William Gough 22 Feb 1892 4 Dec 1951 59
4 Dec 1951 5 Shane Hugh Maryon Gough 26 Aug 1941 14 Apr 2023 81
Peerage extinct on his death
GOULD OF BROOKWOOD
7 Jun 2004 B[L] 1 Philip Gould 30 Mar 1950 6 Nov 2011 61
to     Created Baron Gould of Brookwood 
6 Nov 2011 for life 7 Jun 2004
Peerage extinct on his death
GOULD OF POTTERNEWTON
6 Oct 1993 B[L] 1 Joyce Brenda Gould 29 Oct 1932
Created Baroness Gould of Potternewton
for life 6 Oct 1993
GOWER
16 Mar 1703 B 1 Sir John Leveson-Gower,5th baronet 7 Jan 1675 31 Aug 1709 34
Created Baron Gower 16 Mar 1703
MP for Newcastle under Lyme 1692-1703.
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
1702-1706.  PC 1702
31 Aug 1709 2 John Leveson-Gower 10 Aug 1694 25 Dec 1754 60
8 Jul 1746 E 1 Created Viscount Trentham and Earl
Gower 8 Jul 1746
Lord Privy Seal 1742-1743 and 1744-1754
PC 1742  Lord Lieutenant Staffordshire 1742-1754
25 Dec 1754 2 Granville Leveson-Gower 4 Aug 1721 26 Oct 1803 82
He was created Marquess of Stafford (qv) 
in 1786 with which title this peerage then
merged
                     **************
25 Feb 1799 George Granville Leveson-Gower 9 Jan 1758 5 Jul 1833 75
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Gower 25 Feb 1799.
He succeeded as Marquess of Stafford (qv) in
1803 and was subsequently created Duke of
Sutherland (qv) in 1833
                     **************
25 Nov 1826 George Granville Sutherland-Leveson-Gower 8 Aug 1786 28 Feb 1861 74
He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of
Acceleration as Baron Gower 25 Nov 1826
He succeeded as Duke of Sutherland (qv) in 1833
GOWRAN
13 Apr 1676 E[I] 1 Lord John Butler 1643 Aug 1677 34
to     Created Baron of Aghrim,Viscount
Aug 1677 Clonmore and Earl of Gowran 
13 Apr 1676
Peerages extinct on his death
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
27 Apr 1715 B[I] 1 Richard Fitzpatrick c 1662 9 Jun 1727
Created Baron Gowran 27 Apr 1715
PC [I] 1715
9 Jun 1727 2 John Fitzpatrick 1719 23 Sep 1758 39
He was created Earl of Upper Ossory (qv) in
1751 with which title this peerage then 
merged
GOWRIE
c 1060 E[S] 1 Donald Bane c 1033 after 1094
to     Said to have been created Earl of
3 Nov 1093 Gowrie c 1060
He succeeded to the throne of Scotland in
1093 when the peerage merged with the
Crown
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
23 Aug 1581 E[S] 1 William Ruthven,4th Lord Ruthven c 1545 28 May 1584
to     Created Earl of Gowrie 23 Aug 1581
28 May 1584 He was attainted and peerages forfeited
1586 2 James Ruthven 25 Sep 1575 1588 12
Restored to the peerage 1586
1588 3 John Ruthven c 1576 5 Aug 1600
to     The peerage was forfeited on his death
5 Aug 1600 For further information on the death of this peer,
see the note at the foot of this page
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
8 Jan 1945 E 1 Alexander Gore Arkwright Hore-Ruthven VC 6 Jul 1872 2 May 1955 82
Created Baron Gowrie of Canberra 20 Dec 1935,
and Viscount Ruthven of Canberra and Earl of 
Gowrie 8 Jan 1945
Governor of South Australia 1928-1934,
New South Wales 1935-1936 and Governor
General of Australia 1936-1944.  PC 1937
For further information on this peer and VC
winner, see the note at the foot of this page
2 May 1955 2 Alexander Patrick Greysteil Ruthven 26 Nov 1939 24 Sep 2021 81
He subsequently [1956] succeeded as 2nd Baron
Ruthven of Gowrie (qv)
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1984-1985
PC 1984
24 Sep 2021 3 (Patrick Leo) Brer Ruthven 28 May 1964
GRABINER
26 Jul 1999 B[L] 1 Anthony Stephen Grabiner 21 Mar 1945
Created Baron Grabiner for life 26 Jul 1999
GRADE
22 Jun 1976 B[L] 1 Sir Lew Grade 25 Dec 1906 13 Dec 1998 91
to     Created Baron Grade for life 22 Jun 1976
13 Dec 1998 Peerage extinct on his death
GRADE OF YARMOUTH
25 Jan 2011 B[L] 1 Michael Ian Grade 8 Mar 1943
Created Baron Grade of Yarmouth for life
25 Jan 2011
GRAFTON
11 Sep 1675 D 1 Henry FitzRoy 2 Sep 1663 9 Oct 1690 27
Created Baron Sudbury,Viscount
Ipswich,Earl of Euston 16 Aug 1672
and Duke of Grafton 11 Sep 1675
Illegitimate son of Charles II.  KG 1680
Lord Lieutenant Suffolk 1685-1689
9 Oct 1690 2 Charles FitzRoy 25 Oct 1683 6 May 1757 73
He subsequently [1723] succeeded as 3rd Earl 
of Arlington (qv)
Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1720-1724.
PC 1715  KG 1721  Lord Lieutenant Suffolk 
1705-1757
6 May 1757 3 Augustus Henry FitzRoy 28 Sep 1735 14 Mar 1811 75
MP for Bury St.Edmunds 1756-1757. Lord
Lieutenant Suffolk 1757-1763 and 1769-
1790. Secretary of State 1765-1766. Prime
Minister 1766-1770. Lord Privy Seal 1771-
1775 and 1782.  PC 1765  KG 1769
14 Mar 1811 4 George Henry FitzRoy 14 Jan 1760 28 Sep 1844 84
MP for Thetford 1782-1784 and Cambridge
University 1784-1811. Lord Lieutenant
Suffolk 1790-1844.  KG 1834
28 Sep 1844 5 Henry FitzRoy 10 Feb 1790 26 Mar 1863 73
MP for Bury St.Edmunds 1818-1820 and
1826-1831, and Thetford 1834-1842
26 Mar 1863 6 William Henry FitzRoy 4 Aug 1819 21 May 1882 62
MP for Thetford 1847-1863
21 May 1882 7 Augustus Charles Lennox FitzRoy 22 Jun 1821 4 Dec 1918 97
KG 1883
For information on Henry James FitzRoy, styled
Earl of Euston, see the note at the foot of 
this page.
4 Dec 1918 8 Alfred William Maitland FitzRoy 3 Mar 1850 10 Jan 1930 79
10 Jan 1930 9 John Charles William FitzRoy 1 Aug 1914 4 Aug 1936 22
For information on the death of this peer,see
the note at the foot of this page
4 Aug 1936 10 Charles Alfred Euston FitzRoy 4 Jun 1892 11 Nov 1970 78
11 Nov 1970 11 Hugh Denis Charles FitzRoy 3 Apr 1919 7 Apr 2011 92
KG 1976
7 Apr 2011 12 Henry Oliver Charles FitzRoy 6 Apr 1978
GRAHAM
c 1415 B[S] 1 Sir William Graham c 1425
Created Lord Graham c 1415
c 1425 2 Patrick Graham c 1466
c 1466 3 William Graham 1472
1472 4 William Graham c 1464 9 Sep 1513
He was created Earl of Montrose (qv) in
1505 with which title this peerage then
merged
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
6 May 1644 B[S] 1 James Graham 1612 21 May 1650 37
Created Lord Graham and Mugdock,
Earl of Kincardine and Marquess of
Montrose 6 May 1644
See "Montrose"
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
23 May 1722 E 1 David Graham c 1705 30 Sep 1731
Created Baron Graham and Earl 
Graham 23 May 1722
These creations contained a special remainder,
failing heirs male of his body,to his brothers
William Graham and George Graham
30 Sep 1731 2 William Graham 27 Aug 1712 23 Sep 1790 78
He succeeded to the Dukedom of Montrose
(qv) in 1742 with which title this peerage
then merged and still remains so
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------  
24 Apr 1707 M[S] 1 James Graham,4th Marquess of Montrose 1682 7 Jan 1742 59
Created Lord Aberruthven,Viscount of
Dundaff,Earl of Kincardine,Marquess
of Graham and Buchanan and Duke of
Montrose 24 Apr 1707
See "Montrose"
GRAHAM OF EDMONTON
12 Sep 1983 B[L] 1 Thomas Edward Graham 26 Mar 1925
Created Baron Graham of Edmonton for life
12 Sep 1983
MP for Edmonton 1974-1983  PC 1998
GRAHAM OF ESK
21 May 1681 B[S] 1 Richard Graham 24 Sep 1648 22 Nov 1695 47
Created Lord Graham of Esk and 
Viscount Preston 21 May 1681
See "Preston"
GRAHAME OF CLAVERHOUSE
12 Nov 1688 B[S] 1 John Graham 17 Jun 1689
Created Lord Grahame of Claverhouse
and Viscount of Dundee 12 Nov 1688
See "Dundee"
GRANARD
30 Dec 1684 E[I] 1 Sir Arthur Forbes,2nd baronet 1623 1695 72
Created Baron Clanehugh and
Viscount of Granard 22 Nov 1675,and
Earl of Granard 30 Dec 1684
PC [I] 1670
1695 2 Arthur Forbes c 1656 24 Aug 1734
24 Aug 1734 3 George Forbes 21 Oct 1685 19 Jun 1765 79
MP for Queenborough 1723-1727 and Ayr
Burghs 1741-1747. PC [I] 1721
19 Jun 1765 4 George Forbes 15 Mar 1710 16 Oct 1769 59
16 Oct 1769 5 George Forbes 2 Apr 1740 15 Apr 1780 40
PC [I] 1772
15 Apr 1780 6 George Forbes 14 Jun 1760 9 Jun 1837 76
24 Feb 1806 B 1 Created Baron Granard 24 Feb 1806
PC [I] 1806
9 Jun 1837 7 George Arthur Hastings Forbes 5 Aug 1833 25 Aug 1889 56
Lord Lieutenant Leitrim 1857-1872.
KP 1857
25 Aug 1889 8 Bernard Arthur William Patrick Hastings
Forbes 17 Sep 1874 10 Sep 1948 73
Lord Lieutenant Longford 1915-1922  PC 1907
KP 1909  PC [I] 1918
10 Sep 1948 9 Arthur Patrick Hastings Forbes 10 Apr 1915 19 Nov 1992 77
19 Nov 1992 10 Peter Arthur Edward Hastings Forbes 15 Mar 1957
GRANBY
29 Mar 1703 M 1 John Manners,9th Earl of Rutland 29 May 1638 10 Jan 1711 72
Created Marquess of Granby and 
Duke of Rutland 29 Mar 1703
See "Rutland"
Thomas Plantagenet (Thomas of Woodstock), Duke of Gloucester (creation of 1385)
The following account of the death of the Duke of Gloucester appears in "Chambers's Book of
Days" [2 vols, W & R Chambers, London, 1869] under the date of 8 September, the anniversary
of the Duke's death:-
'The arrest and murder of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, is one of the most tragical
episodes of English history. However guilty he might be, the proceedings against him were 
executed with such treachery and cruelty, as to render them revolting to humanity. He was the
seventh and youngest son of Edward III, and consequently the uncle of Richard II. Being himself
a resolute and warlike man, he was dissatisfied with what he considered the unprincipled and
pusillanimous conduct of his nephew, and, either from a spirit of patriotism or ambition, or, more
probably, a combination of both, he promoted two or three measures against the king, more by
words than by acts. On confessing this to the king, and expressing his sorrow for it, he was
promised forgiveness, and restored to the royal favour. Trusting to this reconciliation, he was
residing peaceably in his castle at Pleshy, near London [Pleshy lies near Chelmsford in Essex],
where he received a visit from the king, not only without suspicion, but with the fullest
confidence of his friendly intentions. The incident is thus touchingly related by Froissart, a
contemporary chronicler:-
"The king went after dinner, with part of his retinue, to Pleshy, about five o'clock. The Duke of
Gloucester had already supped; for he was very sober, and sat but a short time at table, either
at dinner or supper. He came to meet the king, and honoured him as we sought to honour our
lord, so did the duchess and her children, who were there. The king entered the hall, and thence
into the chamber. A table was spread for the king, and he supped a little. He said to the duke:
'Fair uncle! Have your horses saddled; but not all; only five or six; you must accompany me to
London; we shall find there my uncles Lancaster and York, and I mean to be governed by your 
advice on a request they intend making to me. Bid your maitre-d'hotel follow you with your
people to London."
"The duke, who thought no ill from it, assented to it pleasantly enough. As soon as the king had
supped, and all were ready, the king took leave of the duchess and her children, and mounted
his horse. So did the duke, who left Pleshy with only three esquires and four varlets. They
avoided the high-road to London, but rode with speed, conversing on various topics, till they
came to Stratford. The king then pushed on before him, and the earl marshal came suddenly
behind him, with a great body of horsemen, and springing on the duke, said: "I arrest you in the
king's name!" The duke, astonished, saw that he was betrayed, and cried with a loud voice after
the king. I do not know if the king heard him or not, but he did not return, but rode away.
"The duke was then hurried off to Calais, where he was placed in the hands of some of the king's
minions, under the Duke of Norfolk. Two of these ruffians, Serle, a valet of the king's, and 
Franceys, a valet of the [future] Duke of Albemarle, then told the Duke of Gloucester, that it 
was the king's will that he should die. He answered, that if it was his will, it must be so. They
asked him to have a chaplain; he agreed, and confessed. They then made him lie down on a 
bed; the two valets threw a feather-bed upon him; three other persons held down the sides of
it, while Serle and Franceys pressed on the mouth of the duke till he expired, three others of
the assistants all the while on their knees weeping and praying for his soul, and Halle keeping
guard at the door. When he was dead, the Duke of Norfolk came to them, and saw the dead 
body."
'The body of the Duke of Gloucester was conveyed with great pomp to England, and first
buried in the abbey of Pleshy, his own foundation, in a tomb which he himself had provided for
the purpose. Subsequently, his remains were removed to Westminster, and deposited in the
king's chapel, under a marble slab inlaid with brass. Immediately after his murder, his widow,
who was the daughter of Humphry de Bohun, Earl of Hereford, became a nun in the abbey of
Barking; at her death she was buried beside her husband in Westminster Abbey.'
Humphrey Plantagenet, Duke of Gloucester and his second wife
Eleanor, Duchess of Gloucester
Humphrey was the fourth son of Henry IV, by his first wife, Mary de Bohun. He was created
Duke of Gloucester by his brother, Henry V, in 1414. During Henry V's final illness, he was
appointed as Deputy Regent to his older brother, John, Duke of Bedford. When Bedford was
subsequently absent in France, Humphrey attempted to claim his position as Regent, but the
parliament allowed him only the title of Protector during Bedford's absence.
In about 1422, he married Jacqueline, Countess of Hainault and Holland and former wife of the
Duke of Brabant. This marriage greatly upset Philip, Duke of Burgundy, for she was an heiress
to estates which were irreconcilable with his interests. In 1425, Humphrey attempted to lay
claim to his wife's estates by leading an army to Hainault, but he soon returned to England
leaving his wife behind. As soon as he had departed, Burgundy invaded Hainault and captured
his wife. Humphrey was already tired of Jacqueline and, in 1428, their marriage was annulled.
He had already taken a mistress, Eleanor Cobham, daughter of Lord Cobham and in 1431 they
were married. Four years later, on the death of the Duke of Bedford, Humphrey became the
next heir to the throne. However, his popularity and power were declining when allegations
were made that Eleanor dabbled in witchcraft and employed a certain Margery Jourdemayne,
known as 'the witch of Eye' who lived in the Manor of Eye-next-Westminster in London and
who made a living selling charms and potions.
Eleanor Cobham is said to have first approached her to obtain love potions to give to her
husband, whose affections, she had reason to fear, were wandering. If the testimony against
her is to believed, the success of these love potions led the Duchess to experiment further
with black magic. According to Eleanor, she said that she passionately desired a child and
consulted two men, a wizard named Roger Bolingbroke and Canon Thomas Southwell, for
advice whereby she might become a mother. Margery Jourdemayne, together with the two men,
fashioned a wax image which was later exposed at Paul's Cross. 
The prosecution alleged that it was an image of the young King purposely made to destroy him.
The belief was that as, exposed to the sun, the wax gradually melted, the health of the King
would also dwindle away. The Duchess declared that it was merely a device intended to procure
her a child by her husband. She admitted having employed Bolingbroke to look into the future
for her, but declared there was nothing treasonable in this - she had only wanted to know what
fate had in store for her and not to gain endorsement of any hope of her husband supplanting
his nephew as King.
But when Bolingbroke and Southwell were arrested, Bolingbroke accused the Duchess of being
his instigator to treason. He stated that Southwell had held a Mass over the instruments that
Bolingbroke used in crafting the wax figure. As a result, the authorities were ill-disposed to
believe the protestations of the Duchess. Whilst they may not have been guilty of treason, all
four had, by their own admission, dabbled in the equally heinous crime of necromancy.
Alarmed by her situation, the Duchess fled to sanctuary at Westminster, but the Cardinals,
Henry Beaufort and William Ayscough, held a court at St. Stephen's Chapel, before which she
was called to answer charges of necromancy, witchcraft, heresy and treason, and by their 
judgment she was imprisoned in Leeds Castle in Kent. Bolingbroke, Southwell and Margery 
Jourdemayne were indicted as principals, and Eleanor as an accessory, to the employment of 
the black arts in an attempt upon the life of the King.
Another commission of bishops met, again at St. Stephen's Chapel, and Eleanor was brought 
from Leeds Castle to appear before them. She confessed to some of the minor charges, but 
firmly denied the main charge of treason. In the meanwhile, the other three defendants had 
been found guilty - Margery Jourdemayne was burned at the stake and Bolingbroke was hanged,
drawn and quartered. His severed head was set up on London Bridge and his one of his four 
limbs was sent to each of Oxford, Cambridge, Hereford and York, to be displayed as a warning to
others. Southwell was confined in the Tower of London and eventually died there.
After being forced to watch the executions of Jourdemayne and Bolingbroke, Eleanor was 
brought before the bishops to receive her sentence. Fortunately for her, she got off very lightly.
For three days, she had to walk barefoot and bare-headed through the streets of London, 
dressed in the robes of a penitent and carrying a candle of two pound's weight. She was then
committed to the wardship of Sir Thomas Stanley and imprisoned, initially in Chester Castle and 
later in Peel Castle on the Isle of Man.
Throughout all this ordeal, her husband did not dare to intervene. He attempted to seek a 
pardon for her in 1447, but died a few days later. Eleanor was held in Peel Castle until she died 
in 1454.
William Henry, Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh [created 1764]
William was the younger brother of King George III and, like most of his family, dull and sober. 
He had been strictly reared and the young bucks of the time delighted in lampooning his solemn
silliness. 
In 1763, he met a lovely young widow in the Duchess of Devonshire's drawing-room. The young
widow was Maria Walpole, one of three illegitimate daughters of Edward Walpole and Dolly
Clements, milliner and cloak-maker. Edward Walpole was, in turn, the second son of Sir Robert 
Walpole, the all-powerful Whig Prime Minister between 1721 and 1742. Maria was born in 1736, 
making her seven years older than Gloucester. Her two sisters both contracted successful
marriages; Laura, the eldest, married Frederick Keppel, later Bishop of Exeter, and Charlotte,
the youngest, married the future Earl of Dysart.
Maria was virtually adopted by Edward's brother, Horace Walpole. She had many suitors, but
none more persistent than James, Earl Waldegrave, Lord of the Bedchamber to George II and
the King's most intimate friend and advisor. He had been the tutor to the future George III,
until intrigues drove him from Court. For her part, Maria fell in love with Waldegrave and married
him in May 1759. Their marriage was reportedly idyllic until Waldegrave died in April 1763,
'assassinated by his physicians' according to his friends.
At 27, Maria was in the prime of her beauty and, as a result, lacked no aspirants for her hand.
Gloucester was fascinated by Maria's beauty and wit and Maria was flattered by the Duke's
obvious admiration. Clubmen wagered hundreds of guineas on how soon she would become a 
royal mistress. But Maria wanted marriage - as did Gloucester, but he was afraid of his brother's
wrath. At the same time, Horace Walpole was outraged at the growing scandal surrounding the
couple, denying that he was trying to manoeuvre the Duke into marrying his niece. Gloucester 
kept begging Maria to marry him, even though the marriage would have to be kept secret until 
the King's heart had softened toward her. She finally agreed, and on 6 September 1766, they 
were secretly married at Leicester House in Pall Mall. 
For six years, the secret was kept so closely that the King had not the slightest suspicion that
Maria was anything other than his brother's mistress. In 1771, George III learnt of his youngest
brother's [the Duke of Cumberland] marriage to Ann Horton, a woman described as being as 
'noisy, vulgar and indelicate' as Cumberland himself.  In a fit of rage, George III banished
Cumberland from Court and then forced Parliament to pass the Royal Marriage Act of 1772, 
which made it illegal for a member of the Royal family under age 25 to marry without the King's 
consent. At the same time, George III bluntly demanded that Gloucester provide himself with a
wife, which forced Gloucester to confess to his secret marriage.
Gloucester was forbidden to show his face in Court again and the King made it known that any
hostess who received Maria would incur the heaviest royal displeasure. Worse humiliation
followed in May 1773, when the King set up a special commission to inquire into the legality of
the marriage; both the Duke and Maria were forced to attend the commission and swear an
oath that the ceremony had taken place.
Banned from Court and ostracised by the King's friends, the Duke and Maria fled into exile to
Italy where they stayed for around seven years, all the time falling deeper into debt. Their
only powerful supporter was Horace Walpole, who eventually prevailed on George III to relent,
inviting the Duke and Maria to return to Court and offering to make his brother a handsome
allowance with which to pay off his massive debts.
Unfortunately for Maria, Gloucester, now freed from the restraints of poverty, developed into 
a fat libertine. Soon, he was seeking pleasures outside the arms of the faithful Maria; the most
crushing blow to her pride was a liaison with Lady Almeria Carpenter, daughter of the Earl of
Tyrconnell, by whom he had an illegitimate daughter [Louisa Maria la Coast, who married the
3rd Baron Macdonald of Slate]. 
Freedom eventually came in 1805, on the Duke's death. She lived for only two more years,
dying on 22 August 1807, aged 71. Her three daughters from her marriage to Earl Waldegrave
all achieved good matches - Elizabeth to her cousin, the 4th Earl Waldegrave; Charlotte, to the
4th Duke of Grafton; and Anna to Lord Hugh Seymour, from whom Diana, Princess of Wales was
descended.
She had three children by the Duke of Gloucester - Princess Sophia of Gloucester, who never
married; Princess Carolina Augusta Maria of Gloucester who died, aged only 9 months from the
effect of a smallpox vaccination designed to protect her from the disease; and Prince William
Frederick, who succeeded as Duke in 1805.
The claim to the Gordon peerage made in 1929
In 1929, Sir Bruce Seton, 9th baronet, unsuccessfully attempted to prove his right to the 
ancient Scottish title of Lord Gordon. The following report appeared in 'The Times of India'
of 21 May 1929:-
'Sir Bruce Gordon Seton was a smiling loser when he left the House of Lords on May 1 after the
Committee of Privileges had rejected his claim to the ancient Gordon peerage.
"The whole question is just a matter of opinion," he said to an interviewer. "I have no intention
of appealing against the decision."
'Throughout the afternoon, the Committee again disinterred phases of Scottish history. Once
more my lords heard how Sir Alexander Seton, who married the heiress of the Gordons, received
the personal title of Lord Gordon about 1429; and how his son married Egidia Hay, a distant
relative and an heiress, and had a son, Alexander Seton of Touch, from whom Sir Bruce is
descended.
'The marriage with Egidia was declared annulled on the grounds of consanguinity, and Alexander
married another heiress, whose father procured him the title of Earl of Huntly. In 1912 a papal
bull was discovered in the archives of the Vatican, from which it appeared that the marriage
with Egidia was never annulled.
'It was therefore claimed that Egidia's son being legitimate, the title of Lord Gordon descended
to the direct heir. There was no question of claim to the Huntly title, but the Marquis of Huntly
opposed Sir Bruce's claim.
'Lord Dunedin expressed the opinion that the creation of the peerage in favour of Sir Alexander
Seton was proved, though he was aware that he differed from some of the other members of
the committee.
'It was announced by the Earl of Donoughmore that seven of the eight peers who were members
of the committee were of opinion that the claim had failed.'
The Gormanston foxes
The crest and one of the supporters on the coat of arms of the Viscounts of Gormanston is a 
fox. According to tradition, a Viscount Gormanston (or, in some versions, his wife) who lived in
the seventeenth century was taking part in a hunt one day when he (or she) discovered a vixen
and, taking pity on it, hid it in a hole until the hunt had passed, when he or she released it.
Ever since that time it is alleged that, whenever one of the Viscounts is about to die, foxes
leave their coverts and congregate around Gormanston Castle, only leaving after the death has
taken place.
According to the book "True Irish Ghost Stories" by St.John Seymour and Harry Neligan [Dublin
1914] :-
'When Jenico, the 12th Viscount was dying in 1860, foxes were seen about the house and
moving towards the house for some days previously. Just before his death, three foxes were
playing about and making a noise close to the house, and just in front of the "cloisters," which
are yew-trees planted and trained in that shape. The Hon. Mrs. Farrell states as regards the
same that the foxes came in pairs into the demesne, and sat under the Viscount's bedroom
window, and barked and howled all night. Next morning they were to be found crouching about
in the grass in front and around the house. They walked through the poultry and never touched
them. After the funeral they disappeared.
'At the death of Edward, the 13th Viscount, in 1876, the foxes were also there. He had been 
rather better one day, but the foxes appeared, barking under the window, and he died that 
night contrary to expectation.
'On October 28, 1907, Jenico, the 14th Viscount died in Dublin [actually he died on the 29th].
About 8 o'clock that night the coachman and gardener saw two foxes near the chapel (close
to the house), five or six more round the front of the house, and several crying in the
"cloisters." Two days later, the Hon. Richard Preston was watching by his father's body in the
above chapel. About 3 a.m. he became conscious of a slight noise, which seemed to be that
of a number of people walking stealthily around the chapel on the gravel walk. He went to the
side door, listened, and heard outside a continuous and insistent snuffling or sniffling noise,
accompanied by whimperings and scratchings at the door.  On opening it he saw a full-grown
fox sitting on the path within four feet of him. Just in the shadow was another, while he
could hear several more moving close by in the darkness. He then went to the end door,
opposite the altar, and on opening it saw two more foxes, one so close that he could have
touched it with his foot. On shutting the door the noise continued until 5 a.m., when it
suddenly ceased.'
The special remainder to the Viscountcy of Gort created in 1816
From the "London Gazette" of 30 January 1816 (issue 17104, page 173):-
"His Royal Highness the Prince Regent has been pleased, in the name and on behalf of His 
Majesty, to grant.........in the Peerage of this part of His Majesty's United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Ireland, called Ireland, to......John Prendergast Baron Kiltarton, the dignity of a 
Viscount, by the name, style, and title of Viscount Gort, of Limerick, with remainder to the
Right Honourable Charles Vereker, nephew of the said John Prendergast Baron Kiltarton, and
to the heirs male of his body."
John Standish Surtees Prendergast Vereker VC, 6th Viscount Gort [I] and 1st
Viscount Gort [UK]
Gort was a Captain and Brevet Major (and acting Lieutenant-Colonel) in the 1st Battalion
of the Grenadier Guards when he was awarded the Victoria Cross in November 1918. The
citation for the award reads:-
"For most conspicuous bravery, skilful leading and devotion to duty during the attack of the
Guards Division on 27th September, 1918, across the Canal Du Nord, near Flesquieres, when
in command of the 1st Battalion, Grenadier Guards, the leading battalion of the 3rd Guards
Brigade.
"Under heavy artillery and machine gun fire he led his battalion with great skill and determination
to the 'forming-up' ground, where very severe fire from artillery and machine guns was again
encountered.
"Although wounded, he quickly grasped the situation, directed a platoon to proceed down a
sunken road to make a flanking attack, and, under terrific fire, went across open ground to
obtain the assistance of a Tank, which he personally led and directed to the best possible
advantage. While thus fearlessly exposing himself, he was again severely wounded by a shell.
Notwithstanding considerable loss of blood, after lying on a stretcher for awhile, he insisted
on getting up and personally directing the further attack. By his magnificent example of devotion
to duty and utter disregard of personal safety all ranks were inspired to exert themselves to
the utmost, and the attack resulted in the capture of over 200 prisoners, two batteries of
field guns and numerous machine guns. Lt.-Col. Viscount Gort then proceeded to organise the
defence of the captured position until he collapsed; even then he refused to leave the field
until he had seen the 'success signal' go up on the final objective.
"The successful advance of the battalion was mainly due to the valour, devotion and leadership
of this very gallant officer."
John Ruthven, 3rd Earl of Gowrie (creation of 1581)
The death of John Ruthven, 3rd Earl of Gowrie, and his younger brother Alexander, is one of
the great unsolved mysteries of Scottish history. The following version of the "Gowrie Conspiracy"
appeared the Australian monthly magazine "Parade" in its issue for July 1967:-
'On the morning of August 5, 1600, King James VI of Scotland left his hunting lodge at Falkland
and, with a small retinue of nobles and huntsmen, rode to the nearby town of Perth to dine with
young John Ruthven, Earl of Gowrie. Within the halls of Gowrie House that day was enacted the
most mysterious tragedy in Scottish history, a mystery that has remained unsolved ever since.
'By nightfall King James was galloping back to Falkland. Behind him lay the bodies of Gowrie and
his brother, Alexander Ruthven, slain by the royal retainers in a struggle the origin of which no 
man could discover. According to the King's own story, the Ruthvens had been cut down when
they failed in an attempt to assassinate him. But there were many in Scotland, then and for 
years afterwards, who believed that the Earl and his brother were in fact the victims of a cold-
blooded murder plot hatched by King James himself.
'Whatever the truth, James took extraordinary measures to conceal the grim facts that lay 
behind the mystery. Possible witnesses were silenced by torture or bribes. Gowrie House, the
scene of the tragedy, was pulled down stone by stone. Even the name of Ruthven was obliter-
ated by royal decree. For months afterwards the rotting, dismembered corpses of the dead men,
impaled on spikes in four Scottish towns, remained as mute evidence of King James's vengeance.
'The Ruthven family had a long record of restless violence as leading figures in the extreme 
Protestant faction during the reigns of Mary, Queen of Scots and her son, James VI. Two 
Ruthvens had taken part in the murder of Rizzio, the Queen's Italian favourite, in 1566. They had
been influential in helping force Mary's abdication from the throne a year later. During the minority 
of King James, while Mary was a prisoner of Queen Elizabeth in England, they had never ceased 
to intrigue against the royal advisers, whom they suspected of trying to restore Catholicism in 
Scotland. Even after the first Earl of Gowrie was beheaded for treason in 1584 the Ruthven clan
remained an object of fear and suspicion to King James as potential rebels and traitors.
 
'John Ruthven was barely 12 years old when he succeeded an elder brother and became third
Earl of Gowrie in 1588, but he soon showed himself as turbulent as his forebears. In 1593, still
only 16, he joined an armed rising, led by the Earl of Atholl, which collapsed when a large royal
army marched on Atholl's castle at Doune in Perthshire. Gowrie managed to make his peace with
King James, but he thought it prudent to vanish into voluntary exile, spending the next six years
travelling in Italy and France. Late in 1599 the young Scots lord arrived in London where he was
warmly welcomed at Queen Elizabeth's court and was closeted in long interviews with Sir Robert
Cecil, the hard-headed rising power behind the throne.
James VI of Scotland was the natural successor to Elizabeth on the English throne. To Cecil it 
was vital that the succession should be peaceful and that it should leave the Protestant 
ascendancy undisturbed in both England and Scotland. In the Ruthvens and Scottish nobles of 
similar views he saw powerful allies in forming an "English" party that would dominate the councils
of King James in Edinburgh. Later allegations that the Earl of Gowrie became a hireling of Cecil's
policy were probably untrue.
'But when Gowrie returned to Scotland in early 1600 King James made no secret of his hostility
to the whole Ruthven family. It was not long before he had open reasons for his suspicions. After
a violent brawl between Gowrie's retainers and those of the King's servant, Colonel Stewart, in
palace of Holyrood, the Earl hastily retired to his stronghold outside Perth. Then, in June 1600,
boldly defying rumours that his life was in imminent peril, he returned to Edinburgh to attend a
meeting of the Scottish Parliament. Ostensibly to secure the rights to the English throne as soon
as Elizabeth died, King James proposed to raise a standing army financed by fresh taxation of
100,000 gold crowns. Gowrie made himself spokesman for the opposition. "That rash lord has
condemned himself to death!" said one of the royal party as James left the chamber in speechless
fury.
'Only two months later came the  bloody tragedy in Gowrie House that spelt the utter ruin of
the proud family of Ruthven. Late in July, King James was at Falkland for his customary summer
deer-hunting. Early on the morning of August 5 he was preparing to ride out for the day when a
messenger arrived from Gowrie House. The visitor was Alexander Ruthven, the Earl of Gowrie's
younger brother and, according to the King's later statement, he had an extraordinary tale to
unfold. Some days previously Gowrie's retainers had seized a mysterious foreigner who was found 
to have a large bag of gold concealed under his cloak. The traveller, presumably a spy, was being
held prisoner in a turret in Gowrie House and the Earl suggested that the King might care to
question him personally before he was sent to Edinburgh.
'Some historians, however, have declared that the story of Alexander Ruthven's message was a
complete fabrication by James to account for his sudden decision to descend on Gowrie House.
They believe, as many of the King's enemies believed at the time, that James had already plotted
the Earl's death and that it was with murder in his heart that he set out for the Ruthven 
stronghold.
'By noon the King was at Gowrie House with Alexander Ruthven, the Earls of Lennox and Mar, Sir 
Thomas Erskine, Sir Hugh Herries, Sir John Ramsay and about half a dozen servants and 
huntsmen. Gowrie and the royal party sat down amicably to dine. Then, after that, the truth
about the grim following events becomes shrouded in an almost impenetrable veil of mystery.
Neither the Earl nor his brother survived to tell their side of the story, and every member of the
Gowrie household was later tortured or terrified into subservience to the "official" accounts of the
King's own men.
'According to these accounts, Gowrie led the King's followers into the garden immediately after
dinner "to eat cherries" while James himself remained in the house with Alexander Ruthven. The
King's story was that Ruthven then led him up a winding staircase into a small turret room where
the foreigner was supposed to be confined with his bag of gold. However, there was no cloaked
foreigner in the turret, only a grim figure clad in armour with a drawn sword. And Ruthven
instantly drew a dagger, pressed it to the King's breast and threatened to kill him on the spot.
Wrenching himself free, James struggled to a tiny window overlooking the garden. Frantically he
shouted "Treason! Treason!" as Ruthven tried to drag him back into the room.
'Hearing the cries and catching a glimpse of the King's terrified face at the window above, the 
royal party drew their swords and rushed towards the house. Erskine seized Gowrie by the throat
and was immediately felled by one of the Ruthven servants. But Ramsay, Herries, Lennox and Mar
raced up the narrow staircase and burst into the turret room. They found James and Ruthven
still locked in deadly struggle. "Strike him high, he wears a doublet of mail," the King shouted as
they poured in flourishing their swords. Ramsay plunged his blade into Ruthven's back. Two more
thrusts dispatched him, and his body was flung headlong down the stone stairs just as Gowrie
himself reached the scene. 
'In a few moments the fighting was over. With a sword in each hand Gowrie defended himself 
with desperate bravery until Ramsay got underneath his guard and buried his steel in the Earl's 
side. As he fell dying, more sword blows rained down on his defenceless body. Thomas Cranston,
his most faithful retainer, was cut down mortally wounded beside him. The "man in armour", John 
Henderson, another of the Ruthven household, had not stirred a hand since James was brought 
into the turret room and his evidence was later to play a vital part in confirming the King's story.
'The brief and gory tragedy was over. Ordering that the bodies of Gowrie and his brother be sent
after him, King James galloped back with his followers to the hunting lodge at Falkland. There on
August 7 the Privy Council was summoned from Edinburgh to begin an official investigation. The
result was a foregone conclusion. King James's story was that the Ruthvens, members of a family
long notorious for treason and violence, had been slain during a reckless attempt to entrap and
assassinate him. His account was substantiated by Henderson and by every member of the royal
party who rode with him to Gowrie House. 
'Torture implements were brought to Falkland from Edinburgh Castle, and the agonies of the rack
and the "boot" quickly silenced any of the Ruthven retainers who presumed to gainsay the King's
word. In November the mutilated bodies of Gowrie and his brother were brought to Edinburgh 
where they were hanged on a gallows at the Market Cross, then dismembered and the remains 
fixed on spikes in the towns of Edinburgh, Perth, Dundee and Stirling. Even then the King's fury
against the Ruthven clan was not sated. The Earl's two younger brothers, Patrick and William, 
escaped death only by flight to England. All the ancient honours of the Ruthven family were
forfeited and their estates confiscated. It was declared treasonable to anyone even to bear the
name of Ruthven. Gowrie House, its stones still stained with the blood of its victims, was torn 
down by the King's decree.
'However, not all the royal edicts and persecution could stifle the doubts in many men's minds
about the guilt of the Earl of Gowrie and Alexander Ruthven. For more than 350 years historians
have puzzled over one of the classic mysteries of history, and three main theories have been
debated with fruitless results. One is that King James's story was true. Another is that the 
Ruthvens were deliberately murdered with the King's connivance, and the third that the tragedy
arose out of a sudden quarrel unpremeditated by either side. But no one will ever know for 
certain what happened in the gloomy turret chamber of Gowrie House on that August day in 
1600.'
Alexander Gore Arkwright Hore-Ruthven VC, 1st Earl of Gowrie (creation of 1945)
During the Sudan Campaign of 1898, Hore-Ruthven was a Captain in the 3rd Battalion of the
Highland Light Infantry. On 22 September 1898 at Gedarif, Hore-Ruthven saw a wounded
Egyptian officer lying about 50 yards from the advancing Dervishes. He picked up the wounded
officer and carried him towards the 16th Egyptian Battalion, stopping several times in order to
fire upon the Dervishes and check their advance. For saving the officer's life, and for his
bravery, Hore-Ruthven was awarded the Victoria Cross on 28 February 1899.
He later became Governor of South Australia 1928-1934, Governor of New South Wales 1935-
1936 and finally Governor General of Australia 1936-1944, becoming in the process Australia's
longest serving Governor General.
Henry James FitzRoy, Earl of Euston (son of the 7th Duke of Grafton)
Henry James FitzRoy was the eldest son of the 7th Duke of Grafton and, as such, after his 
father had succeeded as Duke of Grafton in 1882, he was entitled to the courtesy title of Earl 
of Euston.
Henry was born 28 November 1848 and, in 1870, he met Kate Cook (nee Walsh), with whom he
lived until the couple went through a ceremony of marriage on 29 May 1871 at a parish church
in Worcester. The marriage was witnessed by a solicitor named Froggatt. After the marriage,
Henry settled an amount of £10,000 on his wife. Froggatt was appointed trustee of this 
settlement, and betrayed his trust by making off with the money. Froggatt was subsequently
convicted and imprisoned as a result of this theft.
By 1875, the marriage was on the rocks, and Henry took himself off to Australia, where he 
obtained Government employment. He returned to England in 1881, and in 1884 commenced
proceedings to have his marriage annulled on the grounds that Kate Cooke was already
married at the time he had married her in 1871.
The following account is taken from 'Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper' of 6 April 1884:-
'In the Divorce division on Friday [4 April 1884], Sir James Hannen and a special jury had before
them the suit of 'Euston v. Smith (otherwise Euston).' The petition was that of the Hon. Henry 
J. FitzRoy, Earl of Euston, eldest son of the Duke of Grafton, for a decree of nullity of marriage
on the ground that at the time he married the respondent, Mrs Kate Walsh Smith, she had a
husband living. In the pleadings it was set out that the petitioner, on 29 May 1871, went 
through a ceremony of marriage with the respondent, who was described as a widow, at the
parish church of St. Michael, in the county of Worcester, and that previously she had been 
married to George Manley Smith, at St. Mungo's Catholic chapel at Glasgow, on the 6th July 
1863. The respondent admitted this marriage, but pleaded that at the time George Manley Smith
was lawfully married to Mary Ann Smith, a widow, at the parish church of Handsworth, Stafford,
on the 26th June 1862.
'In opening the case, Mr Russell Q.C., said that the petitioner, in 1870, met the respondent, who
was known by the name of Kate Cook. She was a courtesan, and got her name from a man with
whom she formerly lived of the name of Cook. After the petitioner met her he continued to visit
her from time to time, and finally, in the month of May 1871, he went through a ceremony of 
marriage with her. She gave the name of Kate Walsh, and described herself as a widow. The
friends of Lord Euston became aware of the unfortunate connection, and did all they could to
prevent the marriage, but their efforts were unsuccessful. He settled £10,000 upon her; but,
unfortunately for her, she was introduced by some friends of hers to Mr Froggatt, solicitor, who
officiated as one of the trustees of the settlement, and he substantially spent the money. The
petitioner and respondent lived together for about four years, and their married life was 
anything but a pleasant one. In 1875 he separated from her, from which time he had not
communicated with his wife. He went abroad and got Government employment in Australia. 
Inquiries were made, and it was found out that she was not a widow, and that she had a 
husband who was now living of the name of George Manley Smith, whom she married on 6th July 
1863, in Glasgow. It appeared that the respondent was sued in the county court in respect of 
some claim made upon her, and it became necessary to explain her status. She said that he 
sailed in the ill-fated London, which foundered with all hands. [The London was an emigrant 
ship between England and Australia which sank in the Bay of Biscay in January 1866, with large 
loss of life]. Upon inquiry it was found that a George Masleyn Smith sailed in that vessel, and 
the Probate Court had granted administration of his effects as that of a deceased person, but
that he was not the husband of the respondent. The George Manley Smith was now in court, 
and would be examined. He (the counsel) understood that the defence to be set up was that Mr
Smith had failed to identify the respondent and that if he was the person, the marriage was not 
legal, as he had a wife living. It was, in fact, a double suggestion of nullity of marriage.
 
'Lord Euston, the petitioner, was then examined, and supported the statement of his counsel.
The petitioner's age at the time of his marriage was 22, and the respondent's age 24.
'George Manley Smith said he came home a couple of months ago from New Zealand. He first
met the respondent in 1863, and he married her on the 6th July of that year. He lived with her
for about four months. They did not live happily. Recently he went to the respondent's house
and identified her. - Cross-examined: He went out to Australia with a woman of the name of
Johnson. Had not married her (laughter).
'At this point, Mr Inderwick Q.C., intimated that the respondent having a good opportunity
of seeing Mr Smith that morning could not deny that he was the person she had married;
therefore it would only be necessary to devote his attention to the question as to the former
wife being alive at the time the second marriage was contracted. Evidence was then given by
a brother and sister of George Manley Smith's wife to show that at the time of her marriage,
and for some time subsequently, the respondent's first husband's wife was alive at the time of
her marriage with the petitioner. This, therefore, annulled her marriage with Smith, and legalised
her union with the petitioner.
'Under the direction of the judge, the jury found for the respondent, and the petition of Lord
Euston was, accordingly, dismissed, with costs.'
In other words, when Kate Cook married George Manley Smith, he was already married and thus
her marriage to him was null and void. As a result, Lord Euston's argument that his marriage to 
Kate was illegal on the grounds that she was already married was overturned. Euston died
before his father on 10 May 1912 and the dukedom therefore descended, on the death of the 
7th Duke, to Euston's younger brother.
John Charles William FitzRoy, 9th Duke of Grafton
The 9th Duke was fatally injured in a car race, aged only 22. The following report of the
inquest into his death appeared in 'The Irish Times' of 5 August 1936:-
'How John Charles William FitzRoy, Ninth Duke of Grafton met his death as the result of his
car crashing in the Limerick Grand Prix yesterday was told at an inquest which was held in
Barrington's Hospital, Limerick today by Mr. J.S. McNeice, solicitor, deputy coroner, who 
sat with a jury.
'Mr. Hugh Caruthers Massey, Hazel Hurst, Sway, Hampshire, identified the remains. He was
a personal friend of the deceased man. He accompanied him from England for the motor
race, and acted as his pit representative.
'On hearing of the accident while at [the] pits he immediately went to the scene, and 
later accompanied the Duke in an ambulance to the hospital.
'Inspector Brazil, Civic Guard - How long have you known him? - About four years. I was
at Cambridge with him. Did he suffer from any physical disability? - I am definite that he
did not. Was his eyesight good? - He always wore glasses. His vision when wearing glasses
was up to normal. Did he wear the same glasses when driving? - He wore the same lens let
into racing goggles.
'Mr. Samuel T. Robinson, 33 South King Street, Dublin, stated that he was chief technical
officer to the Irish Motor Racing Club. It was his duty to examine every car before it was
allowed to take part either in practice or the race. He examined the Duke of Graton's car
on 31st July. He paid particular attention to the steering and the brakes, including the
steering points and connections, and he found them in perfect condition.
'Continuing, the witness stated that he examined the remains of the car in the Shannon
Garage this morning and found that the back part of the right-hand side was badly bent
towards the opposite side. He saw a distinct mark on the hub cap of that wheel  where it
must have struck something. He examined the brake connections and linings on the left-
hand side , and found that they were in perfect condition.
'Inspector Brazil - Could you form any opinion as to why the car should have gone on fire? -
I think it is pretty obvious that the back of the car containing the petrol tank struck the wall
and caused the fluid to spill on the red-hot exhaust pipe, where it ignited. As a result of such
a fire the car would be completely enveloped in flames.
'Dr. W. O'Sullivan stated that he examined the body of the Duke of Grafton and found that
death was due to shock and heart failure following extensive burns.
'Mr. T.E. O'Donnell, solicitor, stated that he was section marshal in the Limerick motor race
which included the scene of the accident. He saw the car which was then driven by the late
Duke coming through the opening from William street to Roxboro' road. It left the ground after
coming over the road and moved about ten yards before it went into a skid. The car travelled
for about 25 yards in a slight skid, and then the right back portion struck the pier at the
entrance to the Christian Brothers' Schools. The car immediately became enveloped in flames.
It travelled for about 50 yards, and was burning fiercely, and the footpath from the place of
impact to where the car rested was just one sheet of flame. Everything possible that could
be done was done for the Duke.
'Albert Bennett, 11 James's street, Limerick, stated that he was also a marshal at the place
where the accident occurred. He saw a car coming towards a bend on the road. It made a dash
into the wall, and was instantly enveloped in flames. "I ran immediately for an extinguisher," 
added the witness, "and I turned it on the car. I found the Duke lying on the ground three or
four feet from the car, with the flames around him. He was badly burned, but he was able to 
speak. He said, 'I am alright; I am not too bad.' His clothes had been burned off."
'Did you remove him, asked Inspector Brazil. The witness said that he walked for about a yard,
aided by another marshal and himself. He was then removed on a stretcher to a nearby yard,
where a doctor arrived soon after.
'The Rev. Brother Patrick Ennis, Christian Brothers' Schools, Sexton street, said that on the
occasion he was sitting on a bicycle shed about two yards from the wall. He saw the car of 
the late Duke of Grafton approaching. It was one of the first of the second group of cars.
The car bumped at the corner of Sexton street while on the point of turning, and the back
wheels skidded to the left. In trying to rectify this the driver turned to the left, and the back
wheels skidded to the opposite direction. "I saw the car skid slantways across the road,"
continued the witness, "and the back right wheel crashed against the wall. Almost immediately
the vehicle went on fire. The flames leapt to a height of about thirty feet."
'Major Niall MacNeill, President of the Irish Motor Racing Club, stated that every competitor in
the motor race was required to qualify in practice by completing at least three laps of the 
course. The late Duke of Grafton completed his laps on Saturday morning, all of which, except
the first two, were well above the qualifying speed of 45 miles an hour. The test was a serious
one and properly carried out.  Everything went to show that both the entrant and his car were
fully qualified to compete. "It is inevitable, in the history of motor racing," added Major MacNeill,
"that these sad accidents will occur."
'The jury returned a verdict of accidental death.'
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