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PEERAGE |
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Last updated 12/03/2024 |
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Date |
Rank |
Order |
Name |
Born |
Died |
Age |
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MABANE |
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15 Jun 1962 |
B |
1 |
Sir William Mabane |
12 Jan 1895 |
16 Nov 1969 |
74 |
to |
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Created Baron Mabane 15 Jun 1962 |
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16 Nov 1969 |
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MP for Huddersfield 1931-1945. PC 1944 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McALPINE OF MOFFAT |
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21 Feb 1980 |
B[L] |
1 |
Robert Edwin McAlpine |
23 Apr 1907 |
7 Jan 1990 |
82 |
to |
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Created Baron McAlpine of Moffat for life |
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7 Jan 1990 |
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21 Feb 1980 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McALPINE OF WEST GREEN |
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2 Feb 1984 |
B[L] |
1 |
Robert Alistair McAlpine |
14 May 1942 |
17 Jan 2014 |
71 |
to |
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Created Baron McAlpine of West Green |
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17 Jan 2014 |
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for life 2 Feb 1984 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MacANDREW |
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8 Dec 1959 |
B |
1 |
Sir Charles Glen MacAndrew |
13 Jan 1888 |
11 Jan 1979 |
90 |
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Created Baron MacAndrew 8 Dec 1959 |
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MP for Kilmarnock 1924-1929, Partick |
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1931-1935 and Bute and North Ayrshire |
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1935-1959. PC 1952 |
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11 Jan 1979 |
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2 |
Colin Nevil Glen MacAndrew |
1 Aug 1919 |
9 Jul 1989 |
69 |
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9 Jul 1989 |
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3 |
Christopher Anthony Colin MacAndrew |
16 Feb 1945 |
3 Mar 2023 |
78 |
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3 Mar 2023 |
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4 |
Oliver Charles Julian MacAndrew |
3 Sep 1983 |
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MACARTNEY |
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1 Mar 1794 |
E[I] |
1 |
George Macartney |
3 May 1737 |
31 Mar 1806 |
68 |
to |
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Created Baron Macartney 19 Jul 1776, |
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31 Mar 1806 |
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Viscount Macartney 19 Jul 1792, Earl |
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Macartney 1 Mar 1794 and Baron |
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Macartney [GB] 8 Jun 1796 |
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MP for
Cockermouth 1768-1769, Ayr Burghs |
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1774-1776 and Bere Alston 1780-1781. Chief |
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Secretary for Ireland 1768-1772. Governor of the |
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Caribbean Islands 1776-1784 and Madras |
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1784-1785. Governor of Cape of Good Hope |
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1796-1798. PC [I]
1769 PC 1792 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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MACAULAY |
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16 Sep 1857 |
B |
1 |
Thomas Babington Macaulay |
25 Oct 1800 |
28 Dec 1859 |
59 |
to |
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Created Baron Macaulay 16 Sep 1857 |
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28 Dec 1859 |
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MP for Calne 1830-1832, Leeds 1832-1834, and |
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Edinburgh
1839-1847 and 1852-1856. |
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Secretary at War 1839-1841. Paymaster |
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General 1846-1848.
PC 1839 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACAULAY OF BRAGAR |
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9 Jan 1989 |
B[L] |
1 |
Donald Macaulay |
14 Nov 1933 |
12 Jun 2014 |
80 |
to |
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Created Baron Macaulay of Bragar for life |
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12 Jun 2014 |
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9 Jan 1989 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McAVOY |
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22 Jun 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Thomas McLaughlin McAvoy |
14 Dec 1943 |
8 Mar 2024 |
80 |
to |
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Created Baron McAvoy for life 22 Jun 2010 |
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8 Mar 2024 |
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MP for Rutherglen 1987-2005 and Rutherglen |
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and Hamilton West 2005-2010. PC 2003 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McCARTHY |
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19 Jan 1976 |
B[L] |
1 |
William Edward John McCarthy |
30 Jul 1925 |
18 Nov 2012 |
87 |
to |
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Created Baron McCarthy for life 19 Jan 1976 |
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18 Nov 2012 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACCLESFIELD |
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23 Jul 1679 |
E |
1 |
Charles Gerard |
c 1618 |
7 Jan 1694 |
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Created Baron Gerard of Brandon |
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8 Nov 1645,and Viscount Brandon and |
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Earl of Macclesfield 23 Jul 1679 |
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Lord Lieutenant Gloucestershire and Herefordshire |
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1689-1694. PC 1689 |
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7 Jan 1694 |
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2 |
Charles Gerard |
c 1659 |
5 Nov 1701 |
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MP for Lancashire 1679-1685 and 1689-1694. |
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Lord Lieutenant Lancashire 1689-1701 and |
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Anglesey 1696-1701 |
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For information on this peer's sometime wife, |
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see the note at the foot of this page |
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5 Nov 1701 |
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3 |
Fitton Gerard |
15 Oct 1663 |
26 Dec 1702 |
39 |
to |
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MP for Yarmouth IOW 1689-1690, Clitheroe |
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26 Dec 1702 |
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1693-1695, Lancaster 1697-1698 and |
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Lancashire 1698-1701 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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15 Nov 1721 |
E |
1 |
Thomas Parker |
23 Jul 1667 |
28 Apr 1732 |
64 |
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Created Baron Parker of Macclesfield |
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10 Mar 1716 and Viscount Parker of |
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Ewelm and Earl of
Macclesfield |
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15 Nov 1721 |
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MP for Derby 1705-1710. Lord Chief |
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Justice 1710-1718. Lord Chancellor 1718- |
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1725. Lord Lieutenant Warwick 1719 |
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PC 1710 |
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28 Apr 1732 |
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2 |
George Parker |
c 1697 |
17 Mar 1764 |
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MP for Wallingford 1722-1727. President |
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of the Royal Society 1752-1764 |
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17 Mar 1764 |
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3 |
Thomas Parker |
12 Dec 1723 |
9 Feb 1795 |
71 |
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MP for Newcastle under Lyme 1747-1754, |
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Oxfordshire 1754-1761 and Rochester |
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1761-1764 |
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9 Feb 1795 |
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4 |
George Parker |
24 Feb 1755 |
20 Mar 1842 |
87 |
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MP for Woodstock 1777-1784 and Minehead |
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1790-1795. President of the Board of |
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Agriculture 1816-1818. Lord Lieutenant |
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Oxford 1817-1842.
PC 1791 |
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20 Mar 1842 |
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5 |
Thomas Parker |
9 Jun 1763 |
31 Mar 1850 |
86 |
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31 Mar 1850 |
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6 |
Thomas Augustus Wolstenholme Parker |
17 Mar 1811 |
24 Jul 1896 |
85 |
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MP for Oxfordshire West 1837-1841 |
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24 Jul 1896 |
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7 |
George Loveden William Henry Parker |
24 May 1888 |
20 Sep 1975 |
87 |
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Lord Lieutenant Oxfordshire 1954-1963 |
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20 Sep 1975 |
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8 |
George Roger Alexander Thomas Parker |
6 May 1914 |
7 Dec 1992 |
78 |
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7 Dec 1992 |
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9 |
Richard Timothy George Mansfield Parker |
31 May 1943 |
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McCLUSKEY |
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29 Sep 1976 |
B[L] |
1 |
John Herbert McCluskey |
12 Jun 1929 |
20 Jul 2017 |
88 |
to |
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Created Baron McCluskey for life |
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20 Jul 2017 |
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29 Sep 1976 |
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Solicitor General for Scotland 1974-1979 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McCOLL OF DULWICH |
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25 Jul 1989 |
B[L] |
1 |
Ian McColl |
6 Jan 1933 |
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Created Baron McColl of Dulwich for life |
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25 Jul 1989 |
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McCONNELL |
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10 Feb 1995 |
B[L] |
1 |
Robert William Brian McConnell |
25 Nov 1922 |
25 Oct 2000 |
77 |
to |
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Created Baron McConnell 10 Feb 1995 for life |
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25 Oct 2000 |
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PC [NI] 1964 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McCONNELL OF GLENSCORRODALE |
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28 Jun 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Jack Wilson McConnell |
30 Jun 1960 |
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Created Baron McConnell of Glenscorrodale |
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for life 28 Jun 2010 |
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First Minister of Scotland 2001-2007 PC 2001 |
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McCORQUODALE OF NEWTON |
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2 Sep 1955 |
B |
1 |
Malcolm Stewart McCorquodale |
29 Mar 1901 |
25 Sep 1971 |
70 |
to |
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Created Baron McCorquodale of Newton |
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25 Sep 1971 |
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2 Sep 1955 |
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MP for Sowerby 1931-1945 and Epsom |
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1947-1955. PC 1945 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McCREA OF MAGHERAFELT AND COOKSTOWN |
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19 Jun 2018 |
B[L] |
1 |
Robert Thomas William McCrea |
6 Aug 1948 |
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Created Baron McCrea of Magherafelt and |
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Cookstown for life 19 Jun 2018 |
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MP for Mid Ulster 1983-1997 and Antrim South |
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2000-2001 and 2005-2015 |
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MACDERMOTT |
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23 Apr 1947 |
B[L] |
1 |
John Clarke Macdermott |
12 Apr 1896 |
13 Jul 1979 |
83 |
to |
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Created Baron Macdermott for life |
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13 Jul 1979 |
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23 Apr 1947 |
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Lord of Appeal in Ordinary 1947. Lord Chief |
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Justice
of Northern Ireland 1951-1971. |
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PC [NI] 1940 PC
1947 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McDONAGH |
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24 Jun 2004 |
B[L] |
1 |
Margaret Josephine McDonagh |
26 Jun 1961 |
24 Jun 2023 |
61 |
to |
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Created Baroness McDonagh for life |
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24 Jun 2023 |
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24 Jun 2004 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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MACDONALD |
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25 Jul 1776 |
B[I] |
1 |
Sir Alexander Macdonald,9th baronet |
c 1745 |
12 Sep 1795 |
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Created Baron Macdonald 25 Jul 1776 |
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12 Sep 1795 |
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2 |
Alexander Wentworth Macdonald |
9 Dec 1773 |
19 Jun 1824 |
50 |
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MP for Saltash 1798-1806 |
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19 Jun 1824 |
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3 |
Godfrey Bosville-Macdonald |
14 Oct 1775 |
13 Oct 1832 |
56 |
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For
further information on the descent of the |
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baronetcy on his death, see the note at the |
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foot of this page |
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13 Oct 1832 |
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4 |
Godfrey William Wentworth Bosville- |
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Macdonald |
16 Mar 1809 |
25 Jul 1863 |
54 |
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25 Jul 1863 |
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5 |
Somerled James Brudenell Bosville- |
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Macdonald |
2 Oct 1849 |
25 Dec 1874 |
25 |
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25 Dec 1874 |
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6 |
Ronald Archibald Bosville-Macdonald |
9 Jun 1853 |
20 Jan 1947 |
93 |
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20 Jan 1947 |
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7 |
Alexander Godfrey Macdonald |
27 Jun 1909 |
28 Nov 1970 |
61 |
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Lord Lieutenant Inverness 1952-1970 |
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28 Nov 1970 |
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8 |
Godfrey James Macdonald |
28 Nov 1947 |
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MACDONALD OF EARNSCLIFFE |
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14 Aug 1891 |
B |
1 |
Susan Agnes Earnscliffe Macdonald |
1836 |
5 Sep 1920 |
84 |
to |
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Created Baroness Macdonald of |
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5 Sep 1920 |
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Earnscliffe 14 Aug 1891 |
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Widow of Sir John Macdonald, Prime Minister |
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of Canada |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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MACDONALD OF GWAENYSGOR |
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13 Apr 1949 |
B |
1 |
Sir Gordon Macdonald |
27 May 1888 |
20 Jan 1966 |
77 |
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Created Baron
Macdonald of |
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Gwaenysgor 13 Apr 1949 |
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MP for Ince 1929-1942. Governor of |
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Newfoundland 1942-1949. Paymaster |
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General 1949-1951.
PC 1951 |
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20 Jan 1966 |
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2 |
Gordon Ramsay Macdonald |
16 Oct 1915 |
27 Jan 2002 |
86 |
to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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27 Jan 2002 |
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MACDONALD OF RIVER GLAVEN |
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12 Jul 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Kenneth Donald John Macdonald |
4 Jan 1953 |
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Created Baron Macdonald of River Glaven |
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for life 12 Jul 2010 |
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MACDONALD OF SALFORD |
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29 Jan 2021 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Simon Gerard McDonald, K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O. |
9 Mar 1961 |
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Created Baron Macdonald of Salford |
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for life 29 Jan 2021 |
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MACDONALD OF TRADESTON |
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2 Oct 1998 |
B[L] |
1 |
Angus John Macdonald |
20 Aug 1940 |
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Minister of Transport 1999-2001. Chancellor of |
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the Duchy of Lancaster 2001-2003 PC 1999 |
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Created
Baron Macdonald of Tradeston |
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for life 2 Oct 1998 |
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MacDONNELL |
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2 Jul 1908 |
B |
1 |
Sir Antony Patrick MacDonnell |
7 Mar 1844 |
9 Jun 1925 |
81 |
to |
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Created Baron MacDonnell 2 Jul 1908 |
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9 Jun 1925 |
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PC 1902. PC [I] 1903 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACDONNELL AND ARRASS |
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20 Dec 1660 |
B[S] |
1 |
Aeneas Macdonnell |
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6 Dec 1680 |
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to |
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Created Lord Macdonnell and Arrass |
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6 Dec 1680 |
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20 Dec 1660 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACDUFF |
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26 Apr 1759 |
V[I] |
1 |
William Duff,1st Baron Braco of Kilbryde |
c 1696 |
30 Sep 1763 |
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Created Viscount Macduff and |
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Earl of Fife 26 Apr 1759 |
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See "Fife" |
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|
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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29 Jul 1889 |
M |
1 |
Alexander William George Duff,6th Earl of Fife |
10 Nov 1849 |
29 Jan 1912 |
62 |
to |
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Created Marquess of Macduff and |
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29 Jan 1912 |
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Duke of Fife 29 Jul 1889 and Earl of |
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24 Apr 1900 |
E |
1 |
Macduff and Duke of Fife 24 Apr 1900 |
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On his death the Marquessate became |
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extinct but the Earldom continues |
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merged in the Dukedom of Fife (qv) |
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McENTEE |
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26 Jun 1951 |
B |
1 |
Valentine la Touche McEntee |
16 Jan 1871 |
11 Feb 1953 |
82 |
to |
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Created Baron McEntee 26 Jun 1951 |
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11 Feb 1953 |
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MP for Walthamstow West 1922-1924 and |
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1929-1950 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McFADZEAN |
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24 Jun 1966 |
B[L] |
1 |
William Hunter McFadzean |
17 Dec 1903 |
14 Jan 1996 |
92 |
to |
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|
Created Baron McFadzean for life 24 Jun 1966 |
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14 Jan 1996 |
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KT 1976 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McFADZEAN OF KELVINSIDE |
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1 Sep 1980 |
B[L] |
1 |
Francis Scott McFadzean |
26 Nov 1915 |
23 May 1992 |
76 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron McFadzean of Kelvinside |
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23 May 1992 |
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for life 1 Sep 1980 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McFALL OF ALCLUITH |
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17 Jun 2010 |
B[L] |
1 |
John Francis McFall |
4 Oct 1944 |
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Created Baron McFall of Alcluith for life |
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17 Jun 2010 |
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MP for Dumbarton 1987-2005 and Dunbartonshire |
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West 2005-2010. PC
2004 |
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MACFARLANE OF BEARSDEN |
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29 Jul 1991 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Norman Somerville Macfarlane |
5 Mar 1926 |
5 Nov 2021 |
95 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron Macfarlane of Bearsden |
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|
5 Nov 2021 |
|
|
for life 29 Jul 1991 |
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KT 1996 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McFARLANE OF LLANDAFF |
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30 Jul 1979 |
B[L] |
1 |
Jean Kennedy McFarlane |
1 Apr 1926 |
13 May 2012 |
86 |
to |
|
|
Created Baroness McFarlane of Llandaff |
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13 May 2012 |
|
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for life 30 Jul 1979 |
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|
Peerage extinct on her death |
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MACGILL OF COUSLAND |
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19 Apr 1651 |
B[S] |
1 |
James Makgill |
|
5 May 1663 |
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|
Created Lord Macgill of Cousland and |
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|
Viscount of Oxfuird 19 Apr 1651 |
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|
See "Oxfuird" |
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McGOWAN |
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24 Feb 1937 |
B |
1 |
Sir Harry Duncan McGowan |
3 Jun 1874 |
13 Jul 1961 |
87 |
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|
|
Created Baron McGowan 24 Feb 1937 |
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13 Jul 1961 |
|
2 |
Harry Wilson McGowan |
18 May 1906 |
5 Jul 1966 |
60 |
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|
5 Jul 1966 |
|
3 |
Harry Duncan Cory McGowan |
20 Jul 1938 |
6 May 2003 |
64 |
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6 May 2003 |
|
4 |
Harry John Charles McGowan |
23 Jun 1971 |
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McGREGOR OF DURRIS |
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|
9 Feb 1978 |
B[L] |
1 |
Oliver Ross McGregor |
25 Aug 1921 |
10 Nov 1997 |
76 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron McGregor of Durris for life |
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|
10 Nov 1997 |
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|
9 Feb 1978 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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MacGREGOR OF PULHAM MARKET |
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5 Jul 2001 |
B[L] |
1 |
John Roddick Russell MacGregor |
14 Feb 1937 |
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|
Created Baron MacGregor of Pulham |
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|
Market for life 5 Jul 2001 |
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|
MP for South Norfolk 1974-2001. Minister of |
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State,Agriculture 1983-1985, Chief Sec to |
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|
Treasury 1985-1987. Minister of Agriculture |
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|
1987-1989.
Sec of State for Education and |
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|
Science 1989-1990. Lord President of the |
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|
Council 1990-1992. Sec of State for |
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|
Transport 1992-1994. PC 1985 |
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|
McGREGOR-SMITH |
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|
16 Oct 2015 |
B[L] |
1 |
Ruby McGregor-Smith |
22 Feb 1963 |
|
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|
Created Baroness McGregor-Smith for life |
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16 Oct 2015 |
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|
MACHANSYRE AND POLMONT |
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31 Mar 1639 |
B[S] |
1 |
William Hamilton |
14 Dec 1616 |
2 Sep 1651 |
34 |
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|
|
Created Lord Machansyre and Polmont |
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|
and Earl of Lanark 31 Mar 1639 |
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|
See "Hamilton" |
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McINNES OF KILWINNING |
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|
1 Sep 2016 |
B[L] |
1 |
Mark McInnes |
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|
|
Created Baron McInnes of Kilwinning for life |
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|
1 Sep 2016 |
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|
McINTOSH OF HARINGEY |
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17 Jan 1983 |
B[L] |
1 |
Andrew Robert McIntosh |
30 Apr 1933 |
27 Aug 2010 |
77 |
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|
|
Created Baron McIntosh of Haringey for life |
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17 Jan 1983 |
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PC 2001 |
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|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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|
McINTOSH OF HUDNALL |
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3 Aug 1999 |
B[L] |
1 |
Genista Mary McIntosh |
23 Sep 1946 |
|
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|
Created Baroness McIntosh of Hudnall |
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|
for life 3 Aug 1999 |
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|
McINTOSH OF PICKERING |
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|
6 Oct 2015 |
B[L] |
1 |
Anne Caroline Ballingall McIntosh |
20 Sep 1954 |
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|
Created Baroness McIntosh of Pickering for |
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|
life 6 Oct 2015 |
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|
MP for Vale of York 1997-2010 and Thirsk and |
|
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|
|
Malton
2010-2015. MEP for Essex North East |
|
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|
1989-1994
and Essex North and Suffolk South |
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|
1994-1999 |
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|
MACKAY OF ARDBRECKNISH |
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|
26 Jun 1991 |
B[L] |
1 |
John Jackson Mackay |
15 Nov 1938 |
21 Feb 2001 |
62 |
to |
|
|
Created Baron Mackay of Ardbrecknish |
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|
|
21 Feb 2001 |
|
|
for life 26 Jun 1991 |
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|
|
MP
for Argyll 1979-1983 and Argyll and Bute |
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|
|
1983-1987.
Minister of State for Social Security |
|
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|
1994-1997. PC 1996 |
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|
|
Peerage extinct on his death |
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|
MACKAY OF CLASHFERN |
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|
6 Jul 1979 |
B[L] |
1 |
James Peter Hymers Mackay |
2 Jul 1927 |
|
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|
Created Baron Mackay of Clashfern for life |
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|
6 Jul 1979 |
|
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|
|
Lord Advocate 1979-1984. Lord of Appeal |
|
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|
|
in Ordinary 1985-1987. Lord Chancellor |
|
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|
1987-1997. PC 1979
KT 1997 |
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MACKAY OF DRUMADOON |
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13 Dec 1995 |
B[L] |
1 |
Donald Sage Mackay |
30 Jan 1946 |
21 Aug 2018 |
72 |
to |
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Created Baron Mackay of Drumadoon |
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21 Aug 2018 |
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for life 13 Dec 1995 |
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Solicitor General for Scotland 1995-1996. |
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Lord Advocate 1996-1997.
PC 1996 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACKENZIE OF CULKEIN |
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4 Aug 1999 |
B[L] |
1 |
Hector Uisdean Mackenzie |
25 Feb 1940 |
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Created Baron Mackenzie of Culkein |
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for life 4 Aug 1999 |
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MACKENZIE OF FRAMWELLGATE |
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17 Jul 1998 |
B[L] |
1 |
Brian Mackenzie |
21 Mar 1943 |
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Created Baron Mackenzie of Framwellgate |
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for life 17 Jul 1998 |
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MACKENZIE OF KINTAIL |
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19 Nov 1609 |
B[S] |
1 |
Kenneth Mackenzie |
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Mar 1611 |
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Created Lord Mackenzie of Kintail |
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19 Nov 1609 |
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Mar 1611 |
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2 |
Colin Mackenzie |
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15 Mar 1633 |
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He was created Earl of Seaforth (qv) in |
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1683
with which title this peerage then |
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merged |
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McKENZIE OF LUTON |
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18 Jun 2004 |
B[L] |
1 |
William David McKenzie |
24 Jul 1946 |
2 Dec 2021 |
75 |
to |
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Created Baron McKenzie of Luton for life |
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2 Dec 2021 |
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18 Jun 2004 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACKENZIE-STUART |
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18 Oct 1988 |
B[L] |
1 |
Alexander John Mackenzie Stuart |
18 Nov 1924 |
1 Apr 2000 |
75 |
to |
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Created Baron Mackenzie-Stuart for life |
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1 Apr 2000 |
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18 Oct 1988 |
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President of the European Court of Justice |
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1984-1988 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACKIE OF BENSHIE |
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10 May 1974 |
B[L] |
1 |
George Yull Mackie |
10 Jul 1919 |
17 Feb 2015 |
95 |
to |
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Created Baron Mackie of Benshie for life |
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17 Feb 2015 |
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10 May 1974 |
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MP for Caithness and Sutherland 1964-1966 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACKINTOSH OF HALIFAX |
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10 Jul 1957 |
V |
1 |
Sir Harold Vincent Mackintosh,1st baronet |
8 Jun 1891 |
27 Dec 1964 |
73 |
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Created Baron Mackintosh 6 Feb 1948 |
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and Viscount Mackintosh of Halifax |
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10 Jul 1957 |
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27 Dec 1964 |
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2 |
John Mackintosh |
7 Oct 1921 |
2 Nov 1980 |
59 |
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2 Nov 1980 |
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3 |
John Clive Mackintosh |
9 Sep 1958 |
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MacLAURIN OF KNEBWORTH |
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18 Oct 1996 |
B[L] |
1 |
Ian Charter MacLaurin |
30 Mar 1937 |
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Created Baron MacLaurin of Knebworth |
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for life 18 Oct 1996 |
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MACLAY |
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21 Nov 1922 |
B |
1 |
Sir James Paton Maclay,1st baronet |
6 Sep 1857 |
24 Apr 1951 |
93 |
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Created Baron Maclay 21 Nov 1922 |
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Minister of Shipping 1916-1921. PC 1916 |
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24 Apr 1951 |
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2 |
Sir Joseph Paton Maclay |
31 May 1899 |
7 Nov 1969 |
70 |
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MP for Paisley 1931-1945 |
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7 Nov 1969 |
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3 |
Joseph Paton Maclay |
11 Apr 1942 |
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MACLEAN |
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9 Feb 1971 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Charles Hector Fitzroy Maclean |
5 May 1916 |
8 Feb 1990 |
73 |
to |
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Created Baron Maclean for life 9 Feb 1971 |
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8 Feb 1990 |
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Lord Lieutenant Argyll 1954-1974 and |
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Argyll & Bute 1974- 1990 KT 1969. PC 1971 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McLEAVY |
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11 Sep 1967 |
B[L] |
1 |
Frank McLeavy |
1 Jan 1899 |
1 Oct 1976 |
77 |
to |
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Created Baron McLeavy for life 11 Sep 1967 |
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1 Oct 1976 |
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MP for Bradford East 1945-1966 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACLEHOSE OF BEOCH |
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21 May 1982 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir (Crawford) Murray Maclehose |
16 Oct 1917 |
27 May 2000 |
82 |
to |
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Created Baron Maclehose of Beoch for life |
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27 May 2000 |
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21 May 1982 |
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Governor of Hong Kong 1971-1982. KT 1983 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACLENNAN OF ROGART |
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19 Jul 2001 |
B[L] |
1 |
Robert Adam Ross Maclennan |
26 Jun 1936 |
18 Jan 2020 |
83 |
to |
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Created Baron Maclennan of Rogart for life |
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18 Jan 2020 |
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19 Jul 2001 |
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MP for Caithness and Sutherland 1966-1997 |
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and Caithness Sutherland and Easter Ross |
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1997-2001. PC 1999 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACLEOD |
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21 Oct 1861 |
B |
1 |
Anne Sutherland-Leveson-Gower |
21 Apr 1829 |
25 Nov 1888 |
59 |
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Created Baroness Macleod,Baroness |
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Castlehaven,Viscountess Tarbat and |
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Countess of Cromartie 21 Oct 1861 |
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See "Cromartie" |
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MACLEOD OF BORVE |
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4 Jun 1971 |
B[L] |
1 |
Evelyn Hester Macleod |
19 Feb 1915 |
17 Nov 1999 |
84 |
to |
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Created Baroness Macleod of Borve for life |
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17 Nov 1999 |
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4 Jun 1971 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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MACLEOD AND CASTLEHAVEN |
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15 Apr 1685 |
B[S] |
1 |
Sir George Mackenzie |
1630 |
17 Aug 1714 |
84 |
1 Jan 1703 |
B[S] |
1 |
Created Lord Macleod and Castlehaven |
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and Viscount of Tarbat 15 Apr 1685, |
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and Lord Macleod and Castlehaven, |
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Viscount of Tarbat and Earl of |
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Cromartie 1 Jan 1703 |
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See "Cromartie" |
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MacLEOD OF FUINARY |
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6 Feb 1967 |
B |
1 |
Sir George Fielden MacLeod,4th baronet |
17 Jun 1895 |
27 Jun 1991 |
96 |
to |
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Created Baron MacLeod of Fuinary |
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27 Jun 1991 |
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for life 6 Feb 1967 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McCOUGHLIN |
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11 Sep 2020 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir Patrick Alan McLoughlin, C.H. |
20 Nov 1957 |
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Created Baron McLoughlin for life |
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11 Sep 2020 |
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MACMILLAN |
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3 Feb 1930 |
B[L] |
1 |
Hugh Pattinson Macmillan |
20 Feb 1873 |
5 Sep 1952 |
79 |
to |
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Created Baron Macmillan for life 3 Feb 1930 |
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5 Sep 1952 |
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Lord of Appeal in Ordinary 1930-1939 and |
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1941-1947. PC 1924 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MACMILLAN OF OVENDEN |
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24 Feb 1984 |
V |
1 |
Maurice Harold Macmillan |
10 Feb 1894 |
29 Dec 1986 |
92 |
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Created Viscount Macmillan of Ovenden |
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and Earl of Stockton 24 Feb 1984 |
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See "Stockton" |
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MACNAGHTEN |
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25 Jan 1887 |
B[L] |
1 |
Edward Macnaghten |
3 Feb 1830 |
17 Feb 1913 |
83 |
to |
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Created Baron Macnaghten for life |
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17 Feb 1913 |
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25 Jan 1887 |
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MP for Antrim 1880-1885 and Antrim North |
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1885-1887. Lord of Appeal in Ordinary |
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1887-1913 PC 1887 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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McNAIR |
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4 Aug 1955 |
B |
1 |
Sir Arnold Duncan McNair |
4 Mar 1885 |
22 May 1975 |
90 |
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Created Baron McNair 4 Aug 1955 |
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22 May 1975 |
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2 |
Clement John McNair |
11 Jan 1915 |
7 Aug 1989 |
74 |
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7 Aug 1989 |
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3 |
Duncan James McNair |
26 Jun 1947 |
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McNALLY |
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20 Dec 1995 |
B[L] |
1 |
Thomas McNally |
20 Feb 1943 |
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Created Baron McNally for life 20 Dec 1995 |
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MP for Stockport South 1979-1983 |
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McNICOL OF WEST KILBRIDE |
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21 Jun 2018 |
B[L] |
1 |
Iain Mackenzie McNicol |
17 Aug 1969 |
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|
Created Baron McNicol of West Kilbride |
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for life 21 Jun 2018 |
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MACPHERSON OF DRUMOCHTER |
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25 Jan 1951 |
B |
1 |
Thomas Macpherson |
9 Jul 1888 |
11 Jun 1965 |
76 |
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|
Created Baron
Macpherson of |
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Drumochter 25 Jan 1951 |
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MP for Romford 1945-1950 |
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11 Jun 1965 |
|
2 |
James Gordon Macpherson |
22 Jan 1924 |
7 Sep 2008 |
84 |
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7 Sep 2008 |
|
3 |
James Anthony Macpherson |
27 Feb 1979 |
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|
MACPHERSON OF EARL'S COURT |
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4 Oct 2016 |
B[L] |
1 |
Nicholas Ian Macpherson |
14 Jul 1959 |
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|
Created Baron Macpherson of Earl's Court |
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for life 4 Oct 2016 |
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MADDOCK |
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30 Oct 1997 |
B[L] |
1 |
Diana Margaret Maddock |
19 May 1945 |
26 Jun 2020 |
75 |
to |
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Created Baroness Maddock for life |
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26 Jun 2020 |
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30 Oct 1997 |
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MP for Christchurch 1993-1997 |
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Peerage extinct on her death |
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MADELEY |
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3 Jul 1911 |
E |
1 |
Robert Offley Ashburton Crewe-Milnes |
12 Jan 1858 |
20 Jun 1945 |
87 |
to |
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Created Earl of Madeley and Marquess |
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20 Jun 1945 |
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of Crewe 3 Jul 1911 |
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See "Crewe" |
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MADERTY |
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31 Jan 1609 |
B[S] |
1 |
James Drummond |
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Sep 1623 |
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Created Lord Maderty 31 Jan 1609 |
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Sep 1623 |
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2 |
John Drummond |
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c 1650 |
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c 1650 |
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3 |
David Drummond |
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20 Jan 1692 |
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20 Jan 1692 |
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4 |
William Drummond, 2nd Viscount Strathallan |
8 Aug 1670 |
7 Jul 1702 |
31 |
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He had been created Viscount of Strathallan |
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(qv) in 1686 with which title this peerage |
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then merged |
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MAELOR |
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13 Jun 1966 |
B[L] |
1 |
Thomas William Jones |
10 Feb 1898 |
18 Nov 1984 |
86 |
to |
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Created Baron Maelor for life 13 Jun 1966 |
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18 Nov 1984 |
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MP for Merioneth 1951-1966 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MAENAN |
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23 Jun 1948 |
B |
1 |
Sir William Francis Kyffin-Taylor |
9 Jul 1854 |
22 Sep 1951 |
97 |
to |
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Created Baron Maenan 23 Jun 1948 |
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22 Sep 1951 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MAGAN OF CASTLETOWN |
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25 Jan 2011 |
B[L] |
1 |
George Morgan Magan |
14 Nov 1945 |
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Created Baron Magan of Castletown for life |
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25 Jan 2011 |
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MAGENNIS |
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18 Jul 1623 |
V[I] |
1 |
Arthur Magennis |
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7 May 1629 |
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Created Viscount Magennis 18 Jul 1623 |
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7 May 1629 |
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2 |
Hugh Magennis |
1599 |
Apr 1639 |
39 |
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Apr 1639 |
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3 |
Arthur Magennis |
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1 May 1683 |
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1 May 1683 |
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4 |
Hugh Magennis |
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5 Dec 1684 |
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5 Dec 1684 |
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5 |
Bryan Magennis |
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1693 |
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to |
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He was attainted and the peerage forfeited |
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1691 |
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MAGHERAMORNE |
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5 Jul 1887 |
B |
1 |
Sir James Macnaghten MacGarel-Hogg,2nd |
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baronet |
3 May 1823 |
27 Jun 1890 |
67 |
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Created Baron Magheramorne 5 Jul 1887 |
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MP for Bath 1865-1868, Truro 1871-1885 |
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and Hornsey 1885-1887 |
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27 Jun 1890 |
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2 |
James Douglas MacGarel-Hogg |
16 Jan 1861 |
10 Mar 1903 |
42 |
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10 Mar 1903 |
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3 |
Dudley Stuart MacGarel-Hogg |
3 Dec 1863 |
14 Mar 1946 |
82 |
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14 Mar 1946 |
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4 |
Ronald Tracey MacGarel-Hogg |
28 Jul 1865 |
21 Apr 1957 |
91 |
to |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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21 Apr 1957 |
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MAGINNIS OF DRUMGLASS |
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20 Jul 2001 |
B[L] |
1 |
Kenneth Wiggins Maginnis |
21 Jan 1938 |
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Created Baron Maginnis of Drumglass |
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for life 20 Jul 2001 |
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MP for Fermanagh and South Tyrone 1983- |
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2001 |
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MAGUIRE OF ENNISKILLEN |
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3 Mar 1628 |
B[I] |
1 |
Bryan Maguire |
c 1589 |
15 Dec 1633 |
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Created Lord Maguire,Baron of |
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Enniskillen 3 Mar 1628 |
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15 Dec 1633 |
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2 |
Connor Maguire |
c 1616 |
10 Feb 1645 |
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to |
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He was
attainted and executed and |
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10 Feb 1645 |
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the peerage forfeited |
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For further information on this peer,see the |
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note at the foot of this page |
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MAIDSTONE |
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8 Jul 1623 |
V |
1 |
Elizabeth Finch |
9 Jul 1556 |
23 Mar 1634 |
77 |
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Created Viscountess Maidstone |
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8 Jul 1623 and Countess of Winchilsea |
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11 Jul 1628 |
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See "Winchilsea" |
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MAIR |
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29 Oct 2015 |
B[L] |
1 |
Robert James Mair |
20 Apr 1950 |
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Created Baron Mair for life 29 Oct 2015 |
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MAIS |
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26 Aug 1967 |
B[L] |
1 |
Alan Raymond Mais |
7 Jul 1911 |
28 Nov 1993 |
82 |
to |
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Created Baron Mais for life 26 Aug 1967 |
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28 Nov 1993 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MAITLAND |
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18 May 1590 |
B[S] |
1 |
John Maitland |
1545 |
3 Oct 1595 |
50 |
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Created Lord Maitland 18 May 1590 |
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Secretary of State of Scotland 1584-1591. |
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Lord Chancellor of Scotland 1586 |
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3 Oct 1595 |
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2 |
John Maitland |
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18 Jan 1645 |
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Created Viscount of Lauderdale |
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2 Apr 1616 and Lord Thirlestane and |
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Boltoun,Viscount Maitland and Earl of |
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Lauderdale 14 Mar 1624 |
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See "Lauderdale" |
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MALCOLM |
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9 Jun 1896 |
B |
1 |
John Wingfield Malcolm |
16 May 1833 |
6 Mar 1902 |
68 |
to |
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Created Baron Malcolm 9 Jun 1896 |
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6 Mar 1902 |
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MP for Boston 1860-1874 and 1874-1878 |
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and Argyllshire 1886-1892 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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MALDEN |
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20 Apr 1661 |
V |
1 |
Arthur Capell,2nd Baron Capell of Hadham |
28 Jan 1632 |
13 Jul 1683 |
51 |
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Created Viscount Malden and Earl of |
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Essex 20 Apr 1661 |
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See "Essex" |
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MALLALIEU |
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19 Jun 1991 |
B[L] |
1 |
Ann Mallalieu |
27 Nov 1945 |
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Created Baroness Mallalieu for life |
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19 Jun 1991 |
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MALLOCH-BROWN |
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9 Jul 2007 |
B[L] |
1 |
Sir George Mark Malloch-Brown |
16 Sep 1953 |
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Created Baron Malloch-Brown for life |
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9 Jul 2007 |
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PC 2007 |
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MALMESBURY |
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15 Feb 1715 |
M |
1 |
Thomas Wharton |
Aug 1648 |
12 Apr 1715 |
66 |
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Created Viscount Winchendon and |
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Earl of Wharton 23 Dec 1706,Baron of |
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Trim,Earl of
Rathfarnham and |
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Marquess of Catherlough 7 Jan 1715, |
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and Marquess of
Wharton and |
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Marquess of Malmesbury 15 Feb 1715 |
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See "Wharton" |
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----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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29 Dec 1800 |
E |
1 |
James Harris |
9 Apr 1746 |
21 Nov 1820 |
74 |
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Created Baron Malmesbury 19 Sep 1788 |
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and Viscount Fitzharris and Earl of |
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Malmesbury 29 Dec 1800 |
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MP for Christchurch 1770-1774 and 1784- |
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1788. Lord Lieutenant Hampshire 1807-1820 |
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PC 1784 |
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21 Nov 1820 |
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2 |
James Edward Harris |
19 Aug 1778 |
10 Sep 1841 |
63 |
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MP for Helston 1802-1804, Horsham 1804- |
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1807, Heytesbury 1807-1812 and Wilton |
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1816-1820 |
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10 Sep 1841 |
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3 |
James Howard Harris |
25 Mar 1807 |
17 May 1889 |
82 |
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MP for Wilton 1841. Foreign Secretary |
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1852 and 1858-1859. Lord Privy Seal 1866- |
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1868 and 1874-1876.
PC 1852 |
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17 May 1889 |
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4 |
Edward James Harris |
12 Apr 1842 |
19 May 1899 |
57 |
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19 May 1899 |
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5 |
James Edward Harris |
18 Dec 1872 |
12 Jun 1950 |
77 |
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12 Jun 1950 |
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6 |
William James Harris |
18 Nov 1907 |
11 Nov 2000 |
92 |
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Lord Lieutenant Hampshire 1973-1982 |
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11 Nov 2000 |
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7 |
James Carleton Harris |
19 Jun 1946 |
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MALPAS |
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29 Dec 1706 |
V |
1 |
Hugh Cholmondeley,2nd Viscount Cholmondeley |
1662 |
18 Jan 1725 |
62 |
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Created Viscount Malpas and Earl of |
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Cholmondeley 29 Dec 1706 |
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See "Cholmondeley" |
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MALTON |
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28 May 1728 |
B |
1 |
Thomas Watson-Wentworth |
13 Nov 1693 |
14 Dec 1750 |
57 |
19 Nov 1733 |
E |
1 |
Created Baron Malton 28 May 1728, |
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Baron Wath,Baron Harrowden, |
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Viscount Higham and Earl of Malton |
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19 Nov 1733 and Marquess of |
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Rockingham 19 Apr 1746 |
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See "Rockingham" - titles extinct 1782 |
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---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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17 Sep 1750 |
E[I] |
1 |
Charles Watson-Wentworth,later [Dec 1750] |
13 May 1730 |
2 Jul 1782 |
52 |
to |
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|
2nd Marquess of Rockingham |
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2 Jul 1782 |
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Created Baron Malton [I] and Earl |
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Malton [I] 17 Sep
1750 |
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Peerages extinct on his death |
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MALTRAVERS |
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25 Jan 1330 |
B |
1 |
John Maltravers |
c 1290 |
16 Feb 1364 |
|
to |
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|
Summoned to Parliament as Lord |
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16 Feb 1364 |
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|
Maltravers 25 Jan 1330 |
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On his death the peerage fell into abeyance |
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************** |
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1482 |
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Thomas Fitz-Alan |
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25 Oct 1524 |
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He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of |
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Acceleration as Lord Maltravers in 1482 |
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He succeeded as Earl of Arundel (qv) in 1488 |
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************** |
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5 Feb 1533 |
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Henry Fitz-Alan |
c 1513 |
24 Feb 1580 |
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He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of |
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Acceleration as Lord Maltravers 5 Feb 1533 |
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He succeeded as Earl of Arundel (qv) in 1544 |
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************** |
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16 Aug 1841 |
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Henry Charles Howard |
12 Aug 1791 |
18 Feb 1856 |
64 |
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He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of |
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Acceleration as Baron Maltravers 16 Aug 1841 |
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He succeeded as Duke of Norfolk (qv) in 1842 |
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MALVERN |
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18 Mar 1955 |
V |
1 |
Sir Godfrey Martin Huggins |
6 Jul 1883 |
8 May 1971 |
87 |
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Created Viscount Malvern 18 Mar 1955 |
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Prime Minister of Southern Rhodesia 1933- |
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1953 and Rhodesia & Nyasaland 1953-1956 |
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CH 1944 PC 1947 |
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8 May 1971 |
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2 |
John Godfrey Huggins |
26 Oct 1922 |
28 Aug 1978 |
55 |
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28 Aug 1978 |
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3 |
Ashley Kevin Godfrey Huggins |
26 Oct 1949 |
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MAMHEAD OF EXETER |
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5 Dec 1931 |
B |
1 |
Sir Robert Hunt Staplyton Dudley Lydston |
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to |
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Newman,4th baronet |
27 Oct 1871 |
2 Nov 1945 |
74 |
2 Nov 1945 |
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Created Baron Mamhead of Exeter |
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5 Dec 1931 |
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MP for Exeter 1918-1931 |
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Peerage extinct on his death |
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Anne, Countess of Macclesfield, sometime wife
of Charles Gerard, 2nd Earl |
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of Macclesfield |
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One of the major scandals of the first half of
the eighteenth century was the parentage of the |
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writer and poet Richard Savage. He maintained
that he was the illegitimate son of the 4th Earl |
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Rivers and Anne, Countess of Macclesfield, who
spent much of her later life denying this |
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relationship. The following article appeared in
the Australian monthly magazine "Parade" in its |
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issue for February 1963:- |
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'Never had the fashionable world of Bath had
such a juicy theme for scandal as in the autumn |
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of 1728. In pumproom and ballroom, wits were
delightedly quoting a newly-published poem, The |
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Bastard, the work of a debthaunted young Fleet
Street hack named Richard Savage. Savage's |
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target was a celebrated figure in Bath society
- Mrs. Anne Brett, formerly Countess of |
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Macclesfield,
the woman whom Savage claimed was his mother. Not only did Mrs. Brett
deny |
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that
the poet was her illegitimate son, she persecuted him with what Dr. Johnson
called |
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"implacable
and restless cruelty" from his childhood until the day he died of
starvation and fever |
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in a debtors' gaol. |
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'Publication of the poem drove Anne Brett from
Bath. It deepened the malignant fury that made |
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her
campaign against Richard Savage an extraordinary episode of the 18th
century. |
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Contemporaries had no doubt that Savage was
indeed her son - the fruit of her illicit liaison with |
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[Richard Savage,4th] Earl Rivers while she was
the wife of the Earl of Macclesfield. In Richard's |
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childhood, Anne tried to bury him in obscure
poverty by apprenticing him to a cobbler. In his |
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youth, she schemed to have him shipped off to
the American colonies. Later she tried to have |
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him hanged for murder. She failed in all
attempts. It was Savage's own frantic dissipation, to |
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which her
persecution drove him, that finally killed him. |
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'Anne was born in 1668, daughter of Sir Richard
Mason. She was only 15 when she wed Charles |
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Gerard, Earl of Macclesfield, a notorious
hot-head and political intriguer. A month after the |
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marriage, Macclesfield was a prisoner in the
Tower for plotting against the Duke of York, brother |
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of Charles II. When the Duke succeeded his
brother as James II in 1685, Macclesfield, who was |
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involved
in the Rye House Plot to murder the King, was sentenced to death, but escaped
with |
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two years in the Tower. Anne later claimed she
saved her husband's life by yielding her honour |
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to King James. Macclesfield did not believe
her, but he strongly suspected she was free with her |
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favours elsewhere. |
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'The exile of James and arrival of William and
Mary on the English throne restored Macclesfield to |
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prosperity, which he celebrated by determined
efforts to get rid of his wanton wife. By 1690 |
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Anne had been turned out of Macclesfield's
London mansion and told never to return. She was |
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still only 22, in the full flush of her beauty,
and did not lack "protectors" for long. When she |
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became the mistress of the sickly young Earl
Rivers is uncertain. But he fathered two illegitimate |
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children by her - a daughter born in 1695 and a
son in January 1697. |
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'The
boy, born in the dingy alley of Fox Court, off Holborn, was entered in the
local parish |
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parish
register as "John Smith," sent to a wet nurse in Hampstead and
later handed over to |
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Anne Portlock, a baker's wife, of Covent
Garden. Rivers acknowledged himself as the boy's |
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father, paid for his upkeep, and even insisted
on the child being known by his own surname of |
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Savage. Anne, however, felt none of the ties of
parenthood. She tried to keep the news of her |
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children's
birth from her husband, but gossip soon reached Macclesfield, and, by the end
of |
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1697, he had launched proceedings for divorce
in the House of Lords. |
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'For three months London society smacked its
lips over the scandal, and debates on the earl's |
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charges enlivened the Lords, until a special
Act of Parliament declared Macclesfield and Anne |
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divorced.
Under its terms Macclesfield had to return his wife's dowry of
£20,000. Her fortune |
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and handsome person soon attracted the roving
eye of an aristocratic young town idler, Henry |
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Brett [1675-1724, MP for Bishop's Castle Dec
1701-1708]. Brett, who had contrived to pile up |
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spectacular
gambling debts in his brief career, enlisted Anne's sympathy when his
creditors |
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thrashed
him in the street beneath her window. In 1700 they were married. Her money
bought |
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Brett
a colonelcy in the army, a partnership in Drury Lane Theatre, and launched
him on a |
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career as a man of fashion and associate of the
literary celebrities of the London coffee houses. |
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'Echoes
of the Macclesfield divorce scandal still lingered, however, and Anne set out
with |
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ruthless
determination to silence them. Her daughter by Earl Rivers had soon died.
Anne's next |
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step
was to remove the boy from his father's protection, and Rivers himself died
in 1712 fully |
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convinced that his son was also dead. By
denying young Richard's existence, Anne cheated the |
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boy
out of £6,000 that Rivers had planned to leave him, but even this did not
exhaust Anne's |
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schemes to bury her disgrace in complete oblivion. |
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'For a few years Richard was shielded by Anne's
mother, Lady Mason, who was outraged by her |
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daughter's
conduct and paid for his education at a grammar school in St. Alban's,
outside |
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London.
Lady Mason's death removed the last obstacle to Anne's plans. Richard was
promptly |
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taken
from school and apprenticed to a London shoemaker, in the hope that poverty
and |
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obscurity
would swallow him up. In later years Richard Savage swore that his mother
even tried |
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to
have him shipped to the American colonies as an indentured servant, but was
foiled by |
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Rivers'
kinsmen, who knew her guilty secret. Meanwhile, with Savage growing up
unconscious |
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of
his parentage and stitching leather in a Charing Cross garret, Mrs. Anne
Brett and her gallant |
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husband basked in the sunshine of wit and fashion. |
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'In
1718 the blow fell. Richard Savage, now aged 20, emerged from his slum den
loudly |
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proclaiming himself the son of Earl Rivers and
calling on Anne Brett to acknowledge him as her |
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son. Savage's claim was based on letters
written by Anne's mother, Lady Mason, which he had |
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found
among papers left by his former nurse. His assertions set off a storm of
controversy in |
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London. Savage had already begun his writing
career as a poet, and his first play - "Love in a |
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Veil"
- was produced at Drury Lane in the same year as he proclaimed his noble
parentage. |
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Cobbling
was abandoned as a menial task unfit for the son of an earl. Savage
determined to live |
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by literature, at least until his mother made
more suitable provision for him. |
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'Thus began the fantastic barrage of claim and
counter-claim, of blackmail threats, perjury and |
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vituperative literary warfare that was to
intrigue London's mansions and taverns for the next 25 |
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years. From the beginning Anne Brett furiously
denied that Savage was her son. She refused to |
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to
see him, and ordered her servants to thrash him when he loitered outside her
door. Once, |
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when he broke into her house to demand an
interview, Anne screamed that he had come to |
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murder her and
her lackeys flung him into the street, |
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'Most of Savage's literary friends rallied to
his aid. He was befriended by Sir Richard Steele and |
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the celebrated comedian Robert Wilkes. He was
rescued from starvation by a pension of £50 |
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from an actress. Savage earned little money by
his writings, and his dissipation kept him in |
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desperate
poverty all his life despite the sympathy of many powerful aristocrats who
believed |
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his
claims. When his poems were published in 1726, subscribers included the Duke
of Rutland, |
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the Duchess of Cleveland, the Countess of
Warwick, and a dozen more notables who regarded |
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Anne
Brett as "an unnatural monster." Into his preface to the poems,
Savage poured all his |
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pent-up
rage and frustration against his mother. The attack, which goaded Anne to
madness, |
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almost
had a fatal sequel a year later. |
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'In November 1727 Savage stabbed and killed a
man in a tavern brawl. He was tried and |
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sentenced
to death, but because he had drawn his sword on great provocation, his
friends |
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were certain of a reprieve. With remorseless
deliberation, Anne tried to foil every plea for mercy. |
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For
weeks Savage lay in Newgate under the shadow of the gallows, until the
Countess of |
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Hertford induced the king to sign a pardon.
[For further details of this killing, see below]. |
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'Savage was freed in February 1728, and renewed
his pamphlet campaign with such vitriolic |
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scorn that Anne - having failed to hang,
transport or cudgel him into silence - decided to try |
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bribery. She persuaded her kinsman, Lord Tyrconnel, to take Savage into his house
and pay |
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him an annual pension of £100. For a few months
the poet lived in comfort - then his humiliation |
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exploded again in the ferocious satire of
"The Bastard." The poem was "subscribed with all Due |
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Reverence to Mrs. Brett, once Countess of
Macclesfield, by Richard Savage, son of the late Earl |
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Rivers." Savage ironically hailed his
mother as ".....unenslaved by Nature's narrow laws, Warm |
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championess of Freedom's sacred cause!"
Five editions of the poem sold out in a few weeks. |
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Street urchins chanted its lines. Mrs. Brett,
having fled to Bath to escape it, was driven out |
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again by the wits who delighted in quoting it
in her presence. |
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'Ousted from the shelter of Tyrconnel's house,
Savage escaped thrashings by Anne's retainers |
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only by shifting desperately from one slum to
another. His later career was a miserable record |
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of poverty, debts and semistarvation despite
the friendship of such celebrities as Pope and Dr. |
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Johnson and a meagre pension paid him by Queen
Caroline. |
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'His mother's vindictive wrath pursued him to
the end. The pension lapsed when Caroline died in |
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1738,
and Anne used her influence with Prime Minister Walpole to ensure that it was
not |
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renewed. For five more years Anne Brett endured
the onslaughts of Savage and his supporters |
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Dr.
Johnson blasted her "implacable cruelty." Pamphleteers branded her
a "monster" and |
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"Messalina." But Anne never changed
her declaration that Richard Savage was an imposter, |
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and Savage's own reckless folly in his closing
years began to alienate many of his sympathisers. |
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Finally, his friends raised a fund to send him
out of London to escape his host of creditors. In |
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August 1743, in a Bristol debtors' gaol, ended
Savage's tormented life - and Anne Brett's long |
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ordeal was over. She survived him by 10 years,
dying at the age of 85 on October 11, 1753.' |
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******************* |
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Savage's [edited] entry in "The Newgate
Calendar" reads as follows:- |
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'In
the month of December, 1727, this gentleman [Savage], together with James
Gregory and |
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William Merchant, was indicted at the Old
Bailey, for the murder of James Sinclair; - Savage by |
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giving him a mortal wound with a drawn sword in
the lower part of the belly; and Gregory and |
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Merchant
by aiding and abetting in the commission of the said murder. |
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'It appeared in evidence that these three
gentlemen had accidentally come, at a late hour, much |
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disguised in liquor, to Robinson's coffee-house
at Charing Cross, and went into a room where Mr. |
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Sinclair and other company were drinking.
Merchant, entering first, kicked down the table; and |
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and Savage and Gregory drawing their swords,
they were earnestly desired to put them up, but |
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refused to do so. |
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'A scuffle ensued, in which Mr. Sinclair
received a mortal wound, and was heard to say "I am a |
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dead man": soon after which the candles
were extinguished. |
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'Another witness deposed that, as he and some
other company were on the point of leaving the |
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house, the prisoners came in, when Merchant
kicked down the table, and Gregory, going up to |
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the deceased, said, "Damn ye, you rascal,
deliver your sword"; on which weapons were drawn |
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and the deceased wounded, as above mentioned:
that the deceased had his sword drawn when |
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the
word was given by Savage; but that he held it with the point down towards the
ground; |
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but neither this deponent nor the former
observed that Merchant had any sword. |
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'The
perpetrators of this rash action having left the house, some soldiers were
sent for, by |
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whom they were taken into custody, and lodged
in the round-house; and in the morning were |
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carried before a magistrate, who committed them
to the Gate-house; but Mr. Sinclair dying on |
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the
following day, they were sent to Newgate. |
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'The deceased had been attended by a clergyman,
who declared that he said he was stabbed |
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before
he had time to draw his sword; and his testimony was confirmed by that of
other |
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witnesses. |
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'When
the evidence was summed up, the Court observed to the jury, that, "As
the deceased |
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and his companions were in possession of the
room, if the prisoners were the aggressors, by |
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coming into that room, kicking down the table,
and immediately thereupon drawing their swords, |
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without provocation etc it was murder, not only
in him who gave the wound, but in those who |
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aided and abetted him." |
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'After
a trial of eight hours, the jury found Savage and Gregory guilty of murder,
and Merchant |
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guilty
of manslaughter: in consequence of which the latter was burnt in the hand
and |
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discharged. |
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'On
the 11th of December, 1727, Richard Savage and James Gregory were brought to
the bar, |
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with other capital convicts, to receive
sentence of death............ |
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'It will scarcely be believed that, at this
critical juncture, the inhuman countess exerted all her |
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influence
to prejudice the queen against her unhappy child, and to render unavailing
every |
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intercession
that might be made to procure for him the royal mercy: at length, however,
the |
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Countess
of Hertford having laid an account of the extraordinary story and sufferings
of poor |
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Savage
before her majesty, a pardon was obtained for him and his companion, and they
were |
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accordingly set at liberty on the 5th of March,
1728.' |
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******************* |
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Was Savage an imposter? There are a number of
holes in Savage's story - for example he |
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incorrectly states the name of his god-mother,
whom he claimed had cared for him as a boy. |
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There is also no evidence that Anne was the
cruel and vindictive woman he claimed her to be, |
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while there is evidence that she did in fact
provide for her illegitimate children. If Anne knew |
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that Savage was indeed an imposter, she
probably would have acted in the manner described. |
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A lengthy investigation into the case can be
found in the 6 November 1858 number of "Notes |
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and Queries." |
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Godfrey Bosville-Macdonald, 3rd Baron Macdonald
and 11th baronet, and the |
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subsequent descent of the barony and baronetcy |
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The circumstances of this peer's marriage
provide an interesting example of peerage law in |
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relation to the differences in the law of
legitimacy between Scotland and other parts of the |
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United Kingdom. |
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In 1625, Donald Macdonald was created a baronet
of Nova Scotia. The baronetcy descended |
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through the succeeding generations of the
Macdonald family until 1766, when Alexander |
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Macdonald succeeded as the ninth baronet. This
baronet was created Baron Macdonald on |
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25 July 1776, in the peerage of Ireland. |
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The peerage, together with the baronetcy, then
passed on the death of the 1st Baron in 1795 |
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to his eldest son, Alexander Wentworth
Macdonald, who died unmarried on 19 June 1824. On |
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his death, the peerage and baronetcy passed to
next oldest brother, Godfrey. This peer had |
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previously inherited his uncle's estate, upon
which he changed his name by royal licence to |
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Bosville in 1814. When he succeeded to the
peerage in 1824, he again changed his name to |
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Bosville-Macdonald. |
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In 1799, Godfrey went through a form of
marriage in Scotland with Louisa Maria La Coast, who |
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was
the illegitimate daughter of the Duke of Gloucester by Lady Almeria
Carpenter, daughter |
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of the 1st Earl of Tyrconnel of the 1761
creation. Godfrey and Louisa were again married, |
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this time in a lawful ceremony on 29 December
1803 at Norwich. However, between the time |
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of the 1799 'marriage' and the undoubtedly
legal marriage of 1803, three children had been |
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born. |
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The fact that Godfrey and Louisa had been
legally married in 1803 had the effect, under |
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present Scottish law, of
legitimating the three children born between the two marriages. |
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However,
under English law, and more importantly, Irish law, given that the peerage
was an |
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Irish
title, the marriage of 1803 had no effect upon the children's status, and
they were |
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considered
to be illegitimate. As a result, the eldest son, Alexander, could legally
succeed to |
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the Scottish baronetcy but not to the Irish
peerage. Consequently, the barony of Macdonald |
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was inherited by the eldest son who had been
born after the marriage
of 1803. |
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The reader will note that I have emphasised the
word "present" in the preceding paragraph. |
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At the time of the Godfrey's death in 1832, the
view appears to have been taken that the |
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eldest son of the 1799 'marriage' could not
inherit either the peerage or the baronetcy. |
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Certainly, it is the case that reference to the
standard peerage works between 1832 and |
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1910, including Burke, Dod, the Complete
Peerage (original edition) and the Complete |
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Baronetage
all show the baronetcy remaining attached to the barony of Macdonald. |
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The eldest son of the 1799 'marriage' was
Alexander William Robert Bosville-Macdonald. He |
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considered
himself to be illegitimate and therefore did not assume the baronetcy. On
his |
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death in 1847, he was 'succeeded' by his son,
Godfrey - he also did not assume the title. |
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He died in 1865, and it was his son, Alexander,
who in September 1909, petitioned to have |
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his grandfather declared legitimate by reason
of his parents' subsequent legal marriage |
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in 1803. This petition was heard in the
Scottish Court of Session between December 1909 |
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and
June 1910, and on 4 June 1910 the Court of Session declared the legitimacy of
his |
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grandfather, followed by a decree from Lord
Lyon on 30 June 1910, which was published in |
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the Edinburgh Gazette on 1 July 1910. As a
result, it was held that Alexander had succeeded |
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to the baronetcy in 1832, thus necessitating a
re-writing of the peerage reference works. |
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Connor Maguire, 2nd Baron Maguire of
Enniskillen |
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Maguire was executed in February 1645 for his
part in the rebellion in Ireland in October 1641. |
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The following is taken from "A critical
review of the state trials" [London 1735]:- |
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'Connor Lord Maguire, a Peer of Ireland, was
arraigned at the King's Bench Bar in England, as a |
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Commoner, for High Treason committed in Ireland. |
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'The Indictment charges the Prisoner with
Compassing and Imagining the Death of the King, |
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Conspiring to raise a Rebellion, and inviting
over foreign Forces to invade the Realm of Ireland, |
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and particularly, with a Design of seizing the
Castle of Dublin, and other Forts and Magazines |
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in that Kingdom. It Charges him also, with
Levying open War against his Majesty; surprising the |
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Castles of Charlemont, Cragan etc and murdering
the Lord Calfield [i.e. Toby Caulfeild, 3rd |
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Baron Charlemont - see the note under that
peerage] and other Protestants in Ireland. |
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The Prisoner pleaded his Peerage; shewing, by
the statute of Magna Charta, every one ought |
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to be tried by his Peers, and that by the 10
Hen. VII, the Statutes of England were made part |
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of the Laws of
Ireland. |
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'The Council for the Parliament, demurring to
this Plea, Mr. Justice Bacon over ruled it; declaring |
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that a Baron of Ireland was triable by a Jury
of Commoners in England; and of this Opinion it |
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seems were both Houses of that Parliament:
Whereupon, the Prisoner pleaded Not Guilty, and |
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desired time to bring his Witnesses from
Ireland; but this was denied him: Then the Jury were |
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called over, and he challenged Twenty-three
peremptorily, which were all that appeared but |
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one: Whereupon a Tales was granted [A Tales is
a writ for summoning substitute jurors when |
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the original jury has become deficient in
number], and he was brought to the Bar again the next |
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Day by the Lieutenant of the Tower, when he
challenged as many of the Tales as, with those |
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challenged before, amounted to Thirty-five; and
at length, a Jury being sworn, the Council for |
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the Parliament produced their Evidence. |
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'And First, they brought Witnesses that
deposed, the Prisoner was a Papist, and was very |
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inquisitive about the Condition of the
Magazines of Arms and Ammunition in Dublin. |
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Then the Deposition of John Woodcock the
Sheriff of Dublin was read, who deposed, that he |
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apprehended the Lord Maguire and several of his
Accomplices at Dublin, on the Twenty second |
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of October 1641, (being the Day before the
Insurrection of the Papists in Ireland.) That it was |
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then late at Night, and the Prisoners had Arms
about them, and several Petards for breaking |
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open Doors; and that he carried them before the
Lords Justices. |
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'The Prisoner's Examination also was read, who
confessed before the Lords Justices, that he |
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was engaged in a Conspiracy to raise an
Insurrection, in order to restore the Catholick Religion |
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in
that Kingdom, and recover their Lands from the Protestants. He acknowledged
also, that |
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they intended to have surprised the Castle of
Dublin; that he came to Dublin for that purpose, |
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and that he should have attempted the Castle
the next Morning, (the 23d of October, 1641) |
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if they had not been apprehended: But he knew
of no Letters or Messages from England, to |
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countenance the Attempt. |
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'Other Witnesses deposed, that there was to
have been a General Insurrection in Ireland, the |
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23d October; that it was intended to seize all
the Castles and strong Places in the Kingdom, |
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and to Massacre the Protestants. |
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'It was also proved, that the Irish broke out
into an actual Rebellion, on the said 23d October, |
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and surprised the Castle of Charlemont, where
they [subsequently] murdered the Lord Calfield; |
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that they also seized several other Fortresses,
and murdered the Protestant Inhabitants: And |
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Sir Charles Coote deposed, that upwards of an
Hundred Thousand Protestants were massacred |
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in the Province of Ulster only, (which were a
great many more than the whole Province |
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contained.) He deposed also, that the Irish
Papists set up a New Form of Government, by a |
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supreme Council, constituted Judges and
Magistrates, and coined Money. |
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'A
Bull of Pope Urban VIII also was read in Evidence, whereby he grants a
plenary Indulgence |
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and absolute remission of all Sins to such
Irish Catholicks as should make War upon the Heretick |
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Protestants, and endeavour to extirpate them.
Dated at Rome, the 25th of May 1643, in the |
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20th Year of his Pontificate. |
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'To this Charge and Evidence the Lord Maguire
answered, that he knew of no such Examinations |
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as had been produced against him, but
insinuated they were forged, and observed that it was |
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impossible the Testimony of Coote and others,
as to the Number of Protestants sworn to be |
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murdered, could be true, because there were not
so many Protestants in that Kingdom: And, |
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if there had been several murders and Outrages
committed by others, that did not affect him. |
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He knew nothing of the Plot but by Hearsay, but
the Jury giving little credit to the Prisoner's |
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Asseverations found him Guilty: And it being
demanded, What he had to say, why judgment |
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should not be pronounced, he insisted again on
his Peerage; he objected also, that the Judges |
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had no legal Commissions, as they acted only by
the Power of the Parliament, without any |
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Authority from the King; to which one of the
Judges answered, that he was made a Judge by |
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the Old Seal, and continued by the Parliament:
Then Sentence was passed upon the Prisoner |
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as a Traitor. He afterwards petitioned the
Commons, that he might have the favour of being |
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beheaded, but his Petition was rejected, and he
was hanged drawn and quartered, on the 20th |
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[10th] of Feb, according to his Sentence. |
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[The author then adds his own comments, as
follows] 'It is generally held, that a Peer of Ireland |
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may
be tryed by a Jury of Commoners in England, for a Fact committed in England:
But I do not |
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see how an Irish Peer could be legally tryed
here, for a Fact committed in Ireland; because, at |
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this rate he loses his Privilege of Peerage;
and there is this further Objection to it, that every |
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Treason must be laid and proved, to be
committed in some County of England, and here all the |
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Proof was, of Facts committed in Ireland only:
They also read the Deposition of the Sheriff of |
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Dublin against him, though the Sheriff was in
England just before the Trial, and ought to have |
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given his Evidence Personally in Court: The
Prisoner very justly objected, that the Judges who |
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tryed him had no lawful Commission from the
King for trying him: For, though one of them had |
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formerly a Commission from his Majesty, they
did not sit by the King's Authority at this time; but |
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derived their Power from a body of Men in
actual Rebellion against the Crown, and consequently |
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the Bench were no less Traytors than the
Prisoner at the Bar: But it is no new thing to see |
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Criminals it in Judgment on their Brethren in
iniquity, there is not much Doubt to be made of the |
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Lord Maguire's Guilt; but yet the putting him
to Death by those Usurpers, who could have no |
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Legal Authority to try or condemn him, was
Murder in them. It is observable also, that the |
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Commons made use of Coote, and other Tools to
aggravate matters and testifie that there were |
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Ten
times more Protestants murdered in Ireland than there really were; and this
with an |
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Intention to render the King odious to his
Subjects, whom they charged with countenancing |
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the Irish Rebellion, though nothing could be
more unjust: And here we find them tampering with |
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Maguire, to acknowledge a Correspondence
between the Irish Rebels, and the English Royalists; |
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but he had the Grace to acquit the King's Party
of having any Share in that Insurrection, though |
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he
might possibly have saved his Life, if he would have humoured the Parliament
in this |
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particular. He was long detained in Prison, in
order to extort something out of him to the |
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prejudice of the Royal party; and one while had
so much liberty allowed him in the Tower, that |
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he
made his Escape from thence: He was afterwards indeed retaken; and, when they
found he |
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would not answer their purpose, they put him to
Death by Forms of Law.' |
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